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Öğe A Syntaxonomical Study of the Pseudo-Alpine Vegetation of Kazdagi (Turkey) and Two New Endemic Associations(Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-Fepr, 2011) Uysal, Ismet; Karabacak, Ersin; Oner, Sukru; Kurt, FatmaThe purpose of this study was the pseudo-alpine vegetation of Kazdagi Mountain, which has a high number of endemic and rare plant species, as a result of the presence of different geological massives, and is an important gene center. The pseudo-alpine meadows of the Kazdagi containing siliceous and calcareous mother rocks was investigated according to, the classical Braun-Blanquet method between 2003 and 2006 and evaluated with Correspondence analysis (CA) and unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA). Two new endemic associations described in the area; Armerio trojanae-Hypericetum kazdaghense and Diantho trojanus-Sideridetum trojanae attached to the alliance Trifolion parnassi.Öğe An overview of plant diversity of Kazdagi (Mt. Ida) Forest National Park, Turkey(Triveni Enterprises, 2010) Uysal, IsmetKazdagi (Mt. Ida) forms the natural border between the provinces of Canakkale and Balikesir in northwestern Turkey. The highest peak (Karatas Hill) of this mountain is 1774 m. Kazdagi was declared a National Park in 1994 because of its rich plant cover Its importance is mainly derived from the presence of a restricted zone of Abies nordmanniana ssp. equi-trojani forest as well as for its natural beauty and appearance in classical mythology. There are three vegetation types on Kazdagi, viz. forest vegetation, shrub vegetation and high mountain vegetation. There are 800 plant taxa recorded on Kazdagi. 198 of them are of particular ethnobotanical significance for this mountain. Kazdagi is accepted as one of the most important floristic areas of TurkeyÖğe Antimicrobial activity of centaura derderiifolia, stachys aleurites and anthemis aciphylla(2009) Güven, Kiymet; Karabacak, Ersin; Çelik, Sezgin; Uysal, IsmetThe antimicrobial activity of the ethanol, aseton, ethyl asetate and chloroform extracts from Centaurea derderiifolia Wagenitz (Asteraceae), Stachys aleurites Boiss. (Lamiaceae) and Anthemis aciphylla Boiss. var.aciphylla (Asteraceae) were investigated by agar-well diffusion assay. These extracts were tested in vitro against 26 bacterial and 3 yeast species. Etyhl acetate and acetone extracts of C. derderiifolia, S. aleurites and A. a. var. aciphylla showed antimicrobial activity in varying degrees on all the microorganisms tested. However, chloroform and ethanol extracts of all the plants were not active on some microorganisms tested. Ethyl asetate extracts of the samples exhibited stronger and broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity as compared to ethanol, aseton and chloroform extracts. Therefore, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of only ethyl acetate extracts of the samples was determined for seven bacteria chosen from agar-well diffusion assay. MIC values of the extracts were between 250-125 ?g/ml. In conclusion, ethyl asetate extract of C. derderiifolia was the most active against Aeromonas hydrophila both in agar-well diffusion and MIC assays.Öğe Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Some Species of Centaurea Collected from Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2013) Uysal, Ismet; Celik, Sezgin; Saglam, Husniye; Guven, KiymetThe antimicrobial activity of the ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts from Centaurea persica Boiss., C. polyclada DC. and C. consanguinea DC. (Asteraceae) were investigated by agar-well diffusion assay. All of the extracts exhibited an antimicrobial effect against most of the bacteria and all of the yeasts tested. The plant extracts were also screened for radical scavenging potential using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) in vitro model system for antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate extracts showed the most significant inhibitory activity. Therefore, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of only ethyl acetate extracts of the samples was determined and C. consanguinea showed the highest antimicrobial effect. However, the ethanol extract of C. polyclada at 0.5 mg/ml, concentration displayed the highest antioxidant activity. This activity was followed by ethanol extracts of. C. persica, ethyl acetate extracts of C. polclada, C. persica and C. consanguinea respectively.Öğe Ecotourism Potential and Management of Kavak Delta (Northwest Turkey)(Coastal Education & Research Foundation, 2009) Oezcan, Hasan; Akbulak, Cengiz; Kelkit, Abdullah; Tosunoğlu, Murat; Uysal, IsmetWetlands are ecosystems where a high level of biodiversity is found. Being a suitable medium for the nourishment, reproduction, and accommodation of many species of living creatures, wetlands are museums of natural riches, not only of the country where they are located but also of the whole world. Kavak Delta, one of the most important wetlands of Turkey, with coastal dunes and halophilic vegetation as well as being on the north-south bird migration route, provides not only opportunities for coastal tourism but also offers substantial potential for ecotourism. During observations, bird species, especially of the orders Anseriformes, Falconiformes, and Charadriiformes, were identified. Some 14 orders, 39 families, and 124 bird species were spotted in the delta. Also, dune and halophilic plants constitute a rich flora in the delta. In this study, the potential for ecotourism and opportunities for coastal tourism in the area are outlined. Within this context, besides ecotourism activities, such as bird observation, botanic tourism, and angling, the use of beaches for coastal tourism is determined. Various recommendations are made for the optimal use of all tourism opportunities detected in the delta and for enabling sustainable coastal use and management.Öğe Effect of kiln dust from a cement factory on growth of Vicia faba L.(Triveni Enterprises, 2012) Uysal, Ismet; Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Ozturk, MunirThis study was undertaken to study the effects of different amounts of kiln dust mixed with soil on the seed germination, plant growth, leaf area and water content of Vicia faba cv. Eresen. The reason for this was that cement kiln dust generated as a by-product from the cement factories is rich in potassium, sulfate and other compounds. This product becomes a serious problem when it comes in contact with water. The dust was collected from a cement factory located in Canakkale. Various elements such as Al, Co, Mo, Ca, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S. Se and Zn were determined both in soil as well as kiln dust. Kiln dust was mixed with soil in pots (20 cm diameter) to make seven different treatments varying from 15 to 1059 kiln dust kg(-1) of soil. The experiment lasted for 4 months. Seeds of V faba were sown in the pots filled with mixtures of preanalysed kiln dust and soil. Germination was high in the pots with a lower treatment of cement kiln dust. However, lower germination rates were observed in the pots mixed with the highest and the medium amounts of cement kiln dust. Plants growing in the soil including 15 g kiln dust showed better performance in length as compared to control. Leaf area increased with increase in cement kiln dust content up to 609 kiln dust kg(-1) of soil, but declined after 75 g kg(-1). Water content of leaves (mg cm(-2) leaf area) was found to be constantly decreasing with respect to increasing cement kiln content in the pots. Differences between the averages were evaluated by Tukey test and results were found to be significant.Öğe ETHNOECOLOGY OF POISONOUS PLANTS OF TURKEY AND NORTHERN CYPRUS(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2008) Ozturk, Munir; Uysal, Ismet; Guecel, Salih; Mert, Tuba; Akcicek, Eren; Celik, SezginInterest in plants is increasing and much work is being carried out these days on their multipurpose uses. A great impetus has been given to this during the last 3 decades. Several publications have been made by different investigators. Large number of naturally growing plants are collected and sold at the markets. Nearly 500 plants are used for primary health care in Turkey and a 23 in Cyprus. However, not much is known about the poisonous plants. Some of these are toxic and others cause reaction. Plant poisoning lies around 6%, rurals suffer more from the consumption of naturally growing plants as compared to urban dwellers. One has to be very cautious before using these plants as the plants used for the purpose of treatment of diseases as a whole or parts thereof or consumed by the public directly could prove dangerous for the health. This paper describes ethnoecological aspects of the widely distributed major poisonous plants in Turkey and Northern Cyprus which can prove fatal if used unknowingly. Major applications and active constituents of plant taxa are outlined.Öğe Morphology, anatomy, ecology and palynology of two Centaurea species from Turkey(Bangladesh Botanical Society, 2008) Celik, Sezgin; Uysal, Ismet; Menemen, YusufCentaurea L. sect. Ptosimopappa, a local endemic group in the Mediterranean and South East Anatolia, is represented by only two species, namely C. ptosimopappa Hayek and C. ptosimopappoides Wagenitz in Turkey. Both these species show a very restricted distribution as serpentine habitat indicators and are recorded as vulnerable. Present study was carried out to enlighten the morphological, anatomical and ecological features of these two species in detail. The structure of achene, indumentum and pollen grains were investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The capitulum, involucre and leaf structure of these two species are rather similar, but their achenes and pollen grains differ from each other. In C. ptosimopappa pollen spinules are densely distributed but in C. ptosimopappoides they are sparsely distributed. The achenes arc obovate in C. ptosimopappa and rectangular in C. ptosimopappoides. C. ptosimopappa is a scrub species but C. ptosimopappoides is a subscrub species. A negative relation in terms of the proportion of sand to silt content of the soil and positive relation between the percentage of CaCO3 and pH was observed for C. ptosimopappa (p < 0.05). A negative relation in terms of the proportion of sand to silt content of the soil was observed in C. ptosimopappoides (p < 0.01).Öğe Plant species microendemism, rarity and conservation of pseudo - alpine zone of Kazdagi (Mt. Ida) national park - Turkey(Elsevier Science Bv, 2011) Ozturk, Munir; Uysal, Ismet; Karabacak, Ersin; Celik, SezginKazdag (Mt. Ida) forms a natural border between the Provinces of Canakkale and Balikesir in the north-western part of Turkey. It was declared as National Park in 1993 because of its rich plant cover, a restricted zone of Abies nordmanniana ssp. equi-trojani forest, natural beauty and mythology. The pseudo-alpine zone consists of 189 specific and infraspecific taxa of vascular plants. A total of 55 endemic taxa (29.10%) were recorded from this area. Out of these 22 (40%) taxa are restricted only to this area, and 5 taxa are non-endemic but rare in Turkey. In this paper, habitat characteristics, conservation strategies and management of these taxa are given. Our investigations revealed that, out of 55 taxa, 12 are critically endangered (CR), 10 endangered (EN), 11 vulnerable (VU), 9 not threatened (NT) and 18 with lower risk (LC). Although Hieracium idae, Dianthus arpadianus var. trojanus, Minuartia garckeana and Paronychia sintenisii are recorded as data deficient (DD) category in IUCN criteria, these taxa are transferred to CR category. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Geography Symposium-Mediterranean EnvironmentÖğe Plants have been collected from mythological Kazda?i (Mt. Ida) National Park, West Turkey by Turkmens and their folk, cultural and social uses(EuroJournals, Inc., 2008) Çelik, Sezgin; Karabacak, Ersin; Uysal, IsmetKazda?i is known in mythology as the Mount Ida (Kazda?i, Goose mount). Homer mentions Mount Ida in his two epic poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey. Afterwards, from the Ottoman times a story has been narrated about Father Cilbak and his yellow daughter (Golden Maiden) in the Kazda?i by the nomadic Turkmens. They have organized the religious ceremony at Kazda?i National Park especially summit area in every August. A lot of plant specimens have been gathered illegally by visitors and local people that live on foot of the mount were established during the ceremony. The investigation records show that 29 taxa are used for medicinal, 12 taxa are used for food and spices, 10 taxa are used for ornament, home goods, and cosmetics. Leaves of 12 taxa (23.5%), stems of 8 taxa (15.7%), fruits of 2 taxa (3.92%), flowers of 3 taxa (5.88%), tuber of 1 taxon (1.96%), roots of 2 taxa (3.92%), bark of 1 taxon (1.92%) are used for single. Different organs of other plants (43.16%) are used together. Sideritis trojana, Thymus pulvinatus, Thymus sipyleus subsp. sipyleus var. sipyleus and Thymus zygioides subsp. lycaonicus of these plants are in danger because of awfully gathering, therefore, conservation suggestion was brought. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.Öğe Pollen studies on some Turkish endemic species of Centaurea L. (Asteraceae)(EuroJournals, Inc., 2007) Celik, Sezgin; Uysal, Ismet; Menemen, YusufPollen grains of nine endemic Turkish Centaurea L. were studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The species are: C. spicata Boiss. (Sect: Cynaroides), C. tomentella Hand.-Mazz. (Sect: Cynaroides), C. screlolepis Boiss. (Sect: Cynaroides), C. amonicola Hub.-Mor. (Sect: Cynaroides), C. kurdica Reichardt (Sect: Cynaroides), C. haussknetchii Boiss. (Sect: Cynaroides), C. odyssei Wagenitz (Sect: Pteracantha), C. polyclada DC. (Sect: Acrolophus) and C. consanguinea DC. (Sect: Acrolophus)). The polen grains are tricolporate, prolate to prolate spheroidal, with sparsely or densely distributed spinules ranging from 0.50 to 1.73 ?m height and with irregular pores. P/E ratio in the grains ranges between 1.05 and 1.73. It was determined that the pollen features could be used in separation of some species studied. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.Öğe Reassessment of conservation status of the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) in Turkey II(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Kahraman, Ahmet; Bagherpour, Safi; Karabacak, Ersin; Dogan, Musa; Dogan, Hakan Mete; Uysal, Ismet; Celep, FerhatThe current conservation status of the Salvia L. (sage) taxa of the family Lamiaceae distributed in the East, South-East, Central, North Anatolian, and Marmara geographic regions of Turkey was reassessed at regional, national, and global levels using IUCN Red List categories and criteria. In accordance with the present taxonomic revision of the genus since 2005, the study area seems to cover 79 taxa, 36 of which are endemic and 4 of which are rare nonendemic; the remaining 39 taxa are widely distributed. The rate of endemism is 46% in the area. Based on new field observations of populations and distribution data, taxa were classified into the following threat categories at the global scale: Critically Endangered (CR) (5 taxa), Endangered (EN) (8 taxa), Vulnerable (VU) (11 taxa), Near Threatened (NT) (12 taxa), and Least Concern (LC) (43 taxa). The most threatened species at the global scale are S. anatolica, S. ballsiana, S. freyniana, S. odontochlamys, and S. pseudeuphratica. The threatened taxa are under pressure from intensive human activities such as overgrazing, construction (e.g., road construction), land clearing (e.g., agricultural activities), and urbanisation. The threatened endemic taxa are concentrated in 3 main areas. The first area includes Sivas, Divrigi, Gurun, Pinarbasi, and Kemaliye. The second area includes Ankara, Beypazari, Polatli, and Sivrihisar. The third area includes Yozgat, Akdagmadeni, Nevsehir, and Kayseri. Some significant measures are recommended here for the conservation and management of the high number of endemic taxa under threat in the research area.Öğe Studies on the germination of an endemic species Centaurea tomentella Hand.-Mazz.(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2006) Uysal, Ismet; Celik, S.; Ozkan, K.Centurea tomentella an endemic species of Turkey is facing a threat of extinction due to its overuse for the decorative purposes. The species is under an abiotic stress of salinity in its natural habitats. Studies on the germination of this species were thus started in order to evaluate the possibilities which would enable us to sustain and cultivate the native populations on a large scale. The germination behaviour of this species was investigated under two different light regimes (8 h light-16 h darkness and 16 h light- 8 h darkness) at a constant temperature of 25 degrees C. The results showed that germination was higher (59.50 %) in 16h light- 8 h darkness, but lower in 8 h light-16 h darkness (52.25 %). Different concentrations of NaCl and KNO3 were applied to assess if any improvement in germination could be obtained. Both the rate as well as total germination were higher at 0.25 % KNO3 under 8/16 h light/dark condition as compared to the control. The effect of 0.25 % KNO3 was significant, but light interactions were non significant.Öğe STUDIES ON THE MEDICINAL PLANTS OF AYVACIK-CANAKKALE IN TURKEY(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2012) Uysal, Ismet; Guecel, Salih; Tutenocakli, Tulay; Ozturk, MunirA total of 117 taxa belonging to 42 families were collected from the Ayvacik city of Canakkale. Out of these 43 taxa were observed to be used for medicinal purposes with 54 applications. Lamiaceae dominated the list with 12 taxa followed by Asteraceae with 5 species and Malvaceae, Liliaceae, Urticaceae with 2 species each.The most commonly used taxa are Origanum majorona, O. onites, O. vulgare ssp. hirtum, Salvia fruticosa, Sideritis perfoliata, Thymus longicaulis ssp. chaubardii var. chaubardii, Lavandula stoechas ssp. stoechas. Teucrium polium, Urtica dioica, Halm sylvestris, Portulaca oleracea, Urtica rubra ssp. caucasica. Vitex agnus-castus, Vitis vinifera, Asparagus acutifolius, Foeniculum vulgare, Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus, and Hypericum perforation. The taxa recorded here have been mostly used for the treatment of cough (18.6%), stomachache (13.4%), kidney ailments (11.6%), cold, analgesic, diuretic and hemorrhoid (9. 3%), injuries, tonic, abdominal pain, laxative and dyspepsia (6.9%).Öğe Studies on the medicinal plants of Ayvacik-Çanakkale in Turkey(2012) Uysal, Ismet; Gücel, Salih; Tütenocakli, Tülay; Öztürk, MünirA total of 117 taxa belonging to 42 families were collected from the Ayvacik city of Canakkale. Out of these 43 taxa were observed to be used for medicinal purposes with 54 applications. Lamiaceae dominated the list with 12 taxa followed by Asteraceae with 5 species and Malvaceae, Liliaceae, Urticaceae with 2 species each.The most commonly used taxa are Origanum majorona, O. onites, O. vulgare ssp. hirtum, Salvia fruticosa, Sideritis perfoliata, Thymus longicaulis ssp. chaubardii var. chaubardii, Lavandula stoechas ssp. stoechas, Teucrium polium, Urtica dioica, Malva sylvestris, Portulaca oleracea, Urtica pilulifera, Tilia rubra ssp. caucasica, Vitex agnus-castus, Vitis vinifera, Asparagus acutifolius, Foeniculum vulgare, Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus, and Hypericum perforatum. The taxa recorded here have been mostly used for the treatment of cough (18.6%), stomachache (13.4%), kidney ailments (11.6%), cold, analgesic, diüretic and hemorrhoid (9. 3%), injuries, tonic, abdominal pain, laxative and dyspepsia (6.9%).Öğe The flora of agricultural areas and their environs in Çanakkale (Lapseki-Ezine)(2003) Uysal, Ismet; Karabacak, Ersin; Seçmen, Özcan; Oldacay, SevilThis work was carried out in the agricultural areas of Çanakkale (Lapseki-Ezine) and environs between 1999 and 2001. The study area is suitable for plant species richness because of its microclimate, soil and intensive agricultural activities. A total taxa of 267 were identified belonging to Pteridophyta (one taxon). Gymnospermae (four taxa) and Angiospermae (262 taxa). Of these, 205 taxa of Angiospermae are in Magnoliopsida and 57 taxa of Liliopsida. The phytogeographical spectrums of taxa are as follows: Mediterranean elements, 61 taxa (22.8%); East-Mediterranean elements, 20 taxa (7.5%); Euro-Siberian, 15 taxa (5.6%): and Irano-Turanian elements, five taxa (1.9%). The results show that five taxa are endemics.
