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Öğe Beneficial effects of Oral Allspice, Pimenta dioica powder supplementation on the hemato-immunological and serum biochemical responses of Oreochromis mossambicus(Wiley, 2016) Gullu, Kenan; Acar, Umit; Kesbic, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Agdamar, Sevan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Turker, AliThe present study investigated the effects of dietary allspice powder supplementation on welfare status of Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus assessed by hemato-immunological and serum biochemical parameters. Five diets were formulated to contain 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 or 20g of allspicekg(-1) of fish feed. Fish were fed experimental diets for 60days. Supplementation of allspice powder at 10gkg(-1) positively influenced the serum glucose, plasma lysozyme activity and myeloperoxidase activity. Dietary allspice powder at 15gkg(-1) also positively influenced the serum biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin and globulin) and plasma lysozyme activity. However, 20gkg(-1) allspice powder group had significantly lower values of respiratory burst activity and red blood cell count than other experimental groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that supplementation of allspice powder at 10 or 15gkg(-1) for 60days, had beneficial effects on improvement of some immunological and serum biochemical status of O. mossambicus. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of allspice powder might further improve the resistance to fish pathogens.Öğe Effects of Dietary Tribulus terrestris Extract Supplementation on Growth, Feed Utilization, Hematological, Immunological, and Biochemical Variables of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus(Aquaculturehub Inc, 2014) Gultepe, Nejdet; Acar, Umit; Kesbic, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Yildirim, Onder; Turker, AliThe present study was conducted for 88 days to evaluate the effect of dietary Tribulus terrestris supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, and hematological, immunological, and biochemical indices of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. A total of 144 Nile tilapia, average body weight 2.61 +/- 0.35 g, were divided into four experimental treatments. There were three replicates of each treatment. Four isonitrogenous (40% CP) and isolipidic (10% CL) experimental diets contained T. terrestris extract at levels of 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg respectively. Growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia were significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treatment groups fed with T. terrestris extract supplemented diets than those fed the control diet. There were no significant differences between body composition of fish (p>0.05). Hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and myeloperoxidase variables were not significantly affected by herb extract (p>0.05). However, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) value and lysozyme activity increased with increasing T. terrestris extract (p<0.05). Serum albumin, total protein, and triglyceride levels were not affected by T. terrestris extract. Serum globulin and glucose levels increased and cholesterol levels decreased in Nile tilapia fed with herbal supplemented diets. The results of the present study suggest that Nile tilapia fed diets containing at least 400 mg/kg T. terrestris extract enhanced growth performance, feed utilization, hematological, immunological, and biochemical indices.Öğe Effects of Partial or Total Replacement of Fish Oil by Unrefined Peanut Oil on Growth and Chemical Composition of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2013) Yildirim, Onder; Acar, Umit; Turker, Ali; Sunar, Murat Can; Yılmaz, SevdanUnrefined peanut oil was evaluated as a partial or total replacement of fish oil in diets for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and growth performance, feed utilization, and biochemical status were examined. Three isonitrogenous (34.5% protein) and isolipidic (12.8% lipid) experimental diets were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of 10 common carp (29.57 +/- 0.44 g), each, for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, total replacement of the fish oil by peanut oil did not affect growth, feed utilization, or ash, protein, or moisture content in the carp body. Hepatosomatic and viscerasomatic indices increased as the content of peanut oil increased but did not significantly differ between treatments (p<0.05). Serum total protein, globulin, and triglyceride significantly increased as the content of peanut oil increased while glucose decreased. There was no definable trend in cholersterol. In conclusion, replacement of 50% dietary fish oil with unrefined peanut oil had no adverse effect on the growth performance, biochemical parameters, or general health (survival) of common carps.Öğe Effects of Replacement Cold Press Poppy Seed (Papaver somniferum) Oil to Fish Oil at Different Proportions on the Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, and Digestive Tracks Histopathology in Juvenile Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)(Wiley, 2023) Kesbic, Osman Sabri; Acar, Umit; Demirci, Beste; Terzi, Funda; Tezel, Rifat; Turker, Ali; Gullu, KenanThe major goal of the study is to determine the potential use of poppy seed oil as a main lipid source in common carp diets. To investigate this, five different experimental diets (PO0, PO25, PO50, PO75, and PO100) with various proportions of fish oil and poppy seed oil blended as oil sources were provided and supplied to common carp for 90 days. In triplicate groups of 60 fish, 300 common carp weighing 1.15 +/- 0.06 g were randomly placed in 100 L aquariums. At the end of the feeding trial, blood and tissue samples were collected from the fish after gravimetric measurements of the fish. The growth and feed utilization performance of the fish were calculated by gravimetric measurements, and tissue samples were examined by hematological, micromorphometric, and histopathological methods. According to the results, poppy seed oil enhanced the quantity of linoleic acid (18 : 2 omega-6) in the diet, and fish fed with the diet consisting completely of poppy seed oil (PO100) had the significantly greatest growth and feed utilization performance (P < 0.05). Furthermore, no significant differences in hematological or liver pathology were detected between all groups that were fed with experimental diets (P > 0.05). However, as compared to the control group, the digestive system micromorphometry and histomorphometric measurements of the fish fed with PO100 group diets showed a significant increase (P < 0.05). In conclusion, it was determined that the carp fed with feeds produced by using only poppy oil as the main fat source improved their digestive system, growth, and feed utilization performance without any negative effects.Öğe Effects of Two Seaweeds (Ulva lactuca and Enteromorpha linza) as a Feed Additive in Diets on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Body Composition of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2009) Yildirim, Oender; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yaman, Seval; Turker, AliIn the present study, it was aimed to determine the effects of diet containing two seaweed species, Ulva lactuca and Enteromorpha linza, on the growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of rainbow trout. Two experimental diets were formulated with the usage of 10% U. lactuca meal and 10% E. linza meal in feed and control group had no seaweed ingredients. Each experiment was triplicate and each group had fourteen fish specimens with an average weight of 32.96 +/- 0.29 g. Fish were hand fed three times per day for 60 days. Significant differences were determined in weight gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate and feed utilization between experimental and control groups ( P<0.05). Fish fed with the diet containing 10% E. linza meal had the poorest feed utilization. The survival rate ranged from 96% to 98% in all groups during trial period. Apparent net protein retention, protein efficiency rate, daily dry feed intake and total feed intake were significantly lower in fish groups which fed with the diet containing U. lactuca and E. linza than control group (P<0.05). The final levels of crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash were in higher rates in the body composition all the groups compared when compared to the initial level (P<0.05). The results of the experiment revealed that a diet with U. lactuca and E. linza inclusion at 10% levels resulted in a poorer growth and feed utilization for rainbow trout when compared to those of control group. Hence, more defined experiments seem to be necessary in order to determine the optimum dietary inclusion level of these seaweeds in rainbow trout diets.Öğe EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN MEAL AS A PROTEIN SOURCE AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH AND NITROGEN UTILIZATION OF BLACK SEA TURBOT (PSETTA MAEOTICA) JUVENILES(Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, 2010) Yigit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Turker, Ali; Harmantepe, Burcu; Erteken, AdnanThree experimental diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous (550 g kg(-1) protein) and iso-caloric (20.5 kJ gross energy g(-1) diet) by substituting fish meal (FM) for defatted soybean meal (SBM) at levels of 0, 10 and 20% replacement in order to evaluate the effects of replacing FM with deflated SBM in diets for Black Sea turbot. Diets were fed to triplicate groups of young Black Sea turbot (mean initial weight of 30.2 +/- 0.2 g) for 60 days. Turbot fed all three diets had no significant difference (P > 0.05) in final weight, specific growth rate, nutrient utilization, Nitrogen loss or retention. Survival rate was 100% in all treatments. The results of this study indicate that fish meal can be replaced with soybean meal up to 20% level in diets for young Black Sea turbot without adverse effects on growth, nutrient utilization or nitrogen balance. This may increase profitability by allowing the production of less expensive feeds, hence supporting, the sustainable growth of turbot culture industry with environment-friendly diets.Öğe Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae(Elsevier, 2015) Acar, Umit; Kesbic, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Gultepe, Nejdet; Turker, AliThe study was performed to determine the effect of dietary essential oil (citrus EO) extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth performance, blood parameters and resistance against the Streptococcus iniae in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Fish were divided into 4 groups and fed for 90 days with four experimental diets (3 supplemented diets with 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% of citrus EO and a control group). Then the main immune parameters such as lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity, hematological and biochemical variables (i.e., hemoglobin, hematocrit levels, erythrocyte indices, serum total protein, glucose, albumin, globulin, cholesterol and triglyceride) were investigated. Results of this study showed that for tilapia fed with citrus EO all parameters were significantly higher than the control group. Moreover, addition of citrus EO into diets reduced fish mortality after S. iniae infection. It can be concluded that citrus EO can act as a growth promoter, increase immunity and also improve disease resistance to S. iniae infection in tilapia. Thus it can be used as an antibiotics replacer for controlling diseases in tilapia feed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.Öğe Evaulation of anchovy as a feed for turbot (Psetta maeotica)(Ege Univ, 2006) Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Turker, Ali; Onal, UmurIn this study, the effects of feeding young turbot (Psetta maeotica) with either dry pellet (50% crude protein and 18% crude oil), fresh anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus; 20.8% crude protein and 9.2% crude oil) or combination of both on growth and feed efficiency rate (FCR) were investigated. A total of 90 turbot fry (15 fish per tank) with a mean of initially weight of 41 g were used. At the end of 45 day, the mean weights of fish with dry pellet (PL), fresh anchovy (HS) or combination of both (HP) were 62,30 +/- 2,22 g, 63,54 +/- 1,89 g and 62,90 +/- 0,89 g, respectively. No significant differences were observed among treatments (P > 0.05). Daily food consumption (g dry feed/g fish weight) and FCR (g dry feed/g weight gain) values for as follows: 0,77 +/- 0,01 ve 0,86 +/- 0,07for PL, 0,78 +/- 0,01 ve 0,82 +/- 0,09 for HP, and 0,75 +/- 0,02 ve 0,79 +/- 0,06 for HS. There were no differences between any treatments (P > 0.05). Our findings indiciated that of feedings turbot with HP, PL and HP had similar effects on growth and FCR. Turbot can be fed either dry pellet or fresh anchovy or combinating of both.Öğe Growth performance and feed utilization of Tilapia zillii (Gervais, 1848) fed partial or total replacement of fish meal with poultry by-product meal(Academic Journals, 2009) Yildirim, Oender; Turker, Ali; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Gulsahin, AnilThe aim of this study was to investigate the growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of Tilapia zillii fed diets where poultry by-product meal replaced fish meal protein at 0, 50 and 100% levels in high energy diets. This is the first research study conducted to evaluate poultry by-product as an alternative feed source for T. zillii. Experimental diets were prepared isonitrogenously and isocalorically (55% CP; 20.5 kJ GE g(-1)). Ninety fish (mean weight 2.45 +/- 0.04 g) were cultured in glass aquariums containing brackish water (25 C average temperature and 11 parts per thousand salinity) for a period of 45 days. At the end of the trial, relative growth rate, specific growth ratio and daily dry protein intake in fish fed diet 1 (control) and 2 (50% poultry by-product meal inclusion) were similar and appeared significantly (p < 0.05) better than the fish fed diet 3 (100% poultry by-product meal inclusion). Feed conversion ratio was significant different among diet 2 and diet 3 (p < 0.05). No differences were found among diets, in terms of fish whole body proximate composition. The results of this study show that T. zilli can be cultured in brackish water with feeding a diet containing 50% poultry by-product meal without any adverse effect on growth performance of fish.Öğe Incorporation of soybean meal and hazelnut meal in diets for Black Sea turbot (Scophthaimus maeoticus)(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2008) Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Turker, Ali; Harmantepe, BurcuThe effects of soybean and hazelnut meals as partial replacements of fishmeal were studied in Black Sea turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus). Juvenile fish (mean 26 g) were fed six isoenergetic (19.1 +/- 0.18 kJ/g diet) and isonitrogenous (511 +/- 0.48 g protein/kg diet) diets for 60 days. The control diet contained fishmeal as the sole protein source. In two of the six experimental diets, soybean meal replaced 20% and 35% of the fishmeal. The other three diets contained 65% fishmeal plus soybean and hazelnut meal at ratios of 25/10, 15/20, 5/30. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in growth performance between the groups fed the diet containing 20% soybean meal and those fed the control diet. Fish fed the 10% or 20% hazelnut meal diets had similar results as fish fed the diet containing 35% soybean meal. Growth performance, feed utilization, protein efficiency, and nitrogen retention were significantly lower in the group fed the 30% hazelnut diet. Total nitrogen excretion and retention were similar in all groups except the 30% hazelnut group. Results indicate that soybean meal can replace up to 20% of the fishmeal without causing reduction in growth performance, nutrient utilization, or nitrogen retention and that hazelnut meal can be incorporated with 20%, but not 35%, soybean meal at a level of no more than 20% of the diet.Öğe Incorporation of soybean meal and hazelnut meal in diets for Black Sea turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus)(2008) Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Turker, Ali; Harmantepe, BurcuThe effects of soybean and hazelnut meals as partial replacements of fishmeal were studied in Black Sea turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus). Juvenile fish (mean 26 g) were fed six isoenergetic (19.1±0.18 kJ /g diet) and isonitrogenous (511±0.48 g protein/kg diet) diets for 60 days. The control diet contained fishmeal as the sole protein source. In two of the six experimental diets, soybean meal replaced 20% and 35% of the fishmeal. The other three diets contained 65% fishmeal plus soybean and hazelnut meal at ratios of 25/10, 15/20, 5/30. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in growth performance between the groups fed the diet containing 20% soybean meal and those fed the control diet. Fish fed the 10% or 20% hazelnut meal diets had similar results as fish fed the diet containing 35% soybean meal. Growth performance, feed utilization, protein efficiency, and nitrogen retention were significantly lower in the group fed the 30% hazelnut diet. Total nitrogen excretion and retention were similar in all groups except the 30% hazelnut group. Results indicate that soybean meal can replace up to 20% of the fishmeal without causing reduction in growth performance, nutrient utilization, or nitrogen retention and that hazelnut meal can be incorporated with 20%, but not 35%, soybean meal at a level of no more than 20% of the diet.Öğe Partial Replacement of Fishmeal by Defatted Soybean Meal in Diets for Black Sea Turbot (Psetta maeotica): Growth and Nutrient Utilization in Winter(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2008) Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Turker, Ali; Harmantepe, BurcuThe objective of the present study was to evaluate replacement of white fishmeal by soybean meal in practical diets for Black Sea turbot (Psetta maeotica) at levels of 0, 10%, and 20%. The diets were fed to triplicate groups of juvenile Black Sea turbot (initial body weight 18 g) for 60 days. At the end of the trial, there were no differences in growth performance, feed utilization, and nitrogen retention between the control group fed 100% fishmeal and the experimental groups fed 10% or 20% soybean meal. In conclusion, 20% inclusion of soybean meal can allow reduction of white fishmeal by up to 14%, leading to savings on fishmeal protein.Öğe The effect of dietary soybean meal on growth, nutrient utilization, body composition and some serum biochemistry variables of two banded seabream, Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)(Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, 2013) Acar, Umit; Turker, Ali; Bulut, Musa; Yildirim, Onder; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kesbic, Osman SabriThis study was performed to determine the optimum level of soybean meal diets for two banded sea bream for growth performance, nutrient utilization, body composition and serum biochemistry. Two banded seabream were fed five experimental diets which were formulated replace fish meal by soybean meal at 0, 20, 30, 40 and 50%. Up to 40% of dietary fish meal was successfully replaced with no growth depression. Whole body composition of two banded seabream was not affected by soybean meal inclusion level. Total protein, triglyceride and total cholesterol of fish fed the SM50 diets were significantly lower compared to fish fed the soybean free diet. On the other hand, serum glucose level significantly increased as dietary soybean meal inclusion increased. Results showed that 40% fish meal can be replaced in diets for the two banded seabream by defatted soybean meal. Further studies to determine the inclusion level of soybean meal more than 40% with amino acid or enzyme supplementation are needed.Öğe The use of hazelnut meal as a substitute for soybean meal in the diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2007) Bilgin, Ozlem; Turker, Ali; Tekinay, Ahmet AdemHazelnut meal as a substitute for soybean meal in extruded feeds of rainbow trout was investigated. The performance of extruded feeds containing hazelnut meal as a substitute for 20% of soybean meal (Diet 2) and 30% of soybean meal (Diet 3) was compared to a nutritionally balanced control (Diet 1) (a commercial trout feed formulation). Each diet was fed to 3 replicate groups (initial BW: :36 +/- 1.37 g; mean +/- SD); the fish were fed the equivalent of 2% of their body weight, 2 times daily (0800 and 1600) for 64 days at 15 +/- 0.11 degrees C under a natural photoperiod. There was no significant difference in weight gain between the control (Diet 1) and Diet 2. Diet 1 produced significantly higher weight gain than Diet 3. The carcass fat content of fish fed a fishmeal and soybean meal diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the other diets. Weight gain, feed efficiency ratio. relative growth rate, and apparent net protein retention data showed that hazelnut meal had the potential to substitute 20% and 30% of soybean meal in extruded trout feeds.
