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    Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Honey on ESBL and Biofilm-Producing Enterobacterales
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2022) Tepeli, Seda Ozdikmenli; Kaya, Burcu; Ipek, Dilvin
    Mastitis is a mammary gland inflammatory disease that causes milk yield reduction and economic losses. Mastitis is bacteriological and antibiotics are usually used for treatment. Alternative natural treatment methods such as bee products, phytotherapy, and essential oils were evaluated to reduce the use of antibiotics in the treatment of mastitis. In this study, the in vitro antibacterial effect of flower and oak honey samples dissolved in distilled water and boric acid (2%) on ESBL and biofilm-producing Enterobacterales pathogens was investigated. The aim was to establish the usability of honey/boric acid solution against mastitis as a natural antiseptic solution for bovine udder surfaces. Honey samples were studied by dissolving in distilled water and boric acid (2%) solvents. There was no significant statistical difference between honey solutions using distilled water and boric acid (p>0.05). Antibacterial effects were increased according to the increasing honey proportion in flower honey solutions. However, the antibacterial activity of oak honey dissolved in boric acid solution was higher than dissolved in distilled water. As a result of the statistical correlation analysis between flower and oak honey samples, antibacterial effects of flower honey samples were determined to be higher than oak honey samples (p<0.05) (R=0.825). An alternative formulation for mastitis treatment with honey and boric acid was developed for the first time in the literature.
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    Öğe
    Frequency of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC ?-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a cheese production process
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2018) Tepeli, Seda Ozdikmenli; Zorba, Nukhet N. Demirel
    The aim of this study was to investigate the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamase activities of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from raw milk and cheese production line and to determine the probability of transmitting these bacteria to consumers. One hundred seventy-three samples from raw milk and cheese production lines were analyzed; 64 isolates were confirmed as Enterobacteriaceae. Sixteen of 64 isolates (25%) were resistant to at least one cephalosporin according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Standards (EUCAST) and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria. Seven of the 16 resistant isolates (43.75%) had confirmed ESBL activity. Additionally, phenotypic AmpC beta-lactamase activity was observed in 31 (48.44%) of 64 Enterobacteriaceae isolates and confirmed in 27 of the 31 strains (89.1%). Overall, 3 isolates showed both ESBL activity and AmpC resistance, 28 isolates were only AmpC resistant, and 5 isolates had ESBL activity alone. Of the 173 samples, the proportions of samples that contained ESBL- and AmpC-producing isolates were 4.64 and 15.6%, respectively. Five of the ESBL-positive isolates (62.5%) and 11 of the AmpC-positive isolates (40.7%) were obtained from bulk milk tanks; therefore, the bulk tank plays a very important role in the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Periodic cleaning and maintenance of bulk tanks should be performed and recorded. Effective food safety and hygiene practices should significantly reduce cross-contamination in dairy plants.