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Öğe AN INVESTIGATION ON THE BUD-BREAK AND GROWTH OF CUTTINGS OF 420 A AND 5 BB AMERICAN VINE ROOTSTOCKS IRRADIATED WITH DIFFERENT GAMMA DOSES(Univ Zagreb, Fac Agriculture, 2005) Dardeniz, Alper; Tayyar, SemunViticulture is an important and intensive agricultural branch in Canakkale province and also in Turkey. Different American vine rootstocks are widely used against phylloxera in our country. Plant breeders have been using gamma radiation for creating new varieties of crops and for obtaining broad genetic diversity for years. In this study, four different doses of gamma rays were applied to 420 A and 5 BB American vine rootstocks when the buds on the cuttings were at the dormant stage. Then, effects of different gamma radiation doses on the cuttings of 420 A and 5 BB American vine rootstocks were investigated. The aim of the research was to study the effect of different gamma radiation doses on some growth parameters of cuttings of 420 A and 5 BB, and to determine the GR(50) dose. The results obtained were statistically elaborated by TARIST.Öğe Effect of pre-tanning effluents on seed germination and growth traits in some cereals(2009) Yapici, Ali Nail; Tayyar, SemunThis investigation was carried out to study the effects of different dilutions of mixed pre-tanning effluents on seed germination and growth traits of wheat, triticale, barley, and oat. The seeds of the plant materials were planted in a completely randomized block design with three replications and irrigated with different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents (1:10, 1:40 and 1:80), undiluted pre-tanning effluent (1:0) and tap water (control). The data were collected on the numbers of germinated seeds, germination percentage, root length, root weight, shoot length, shoot weight and root+ shoot weight at the end of 15th day after planting. The re- sults showed that the differences among the treatments were significant for all characteristics investigated (P<0.05). The undiluted pre-tanning effluent (1:0) had adverse effects on seed germination and growth traits for every genotype. In some crops, in oat for instance, 1:10 dilution resulted in the highest values of the studied traits.Öğe EFFECT OF PRE-TANNING EFFLUENTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND GROWTH TRAITS IN SOME CEREALS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2009) Yapici, Ali Nail; Tayyar, SemunThis investigation was carried out to study the effects of different dilutions of mixed pre-tanning effluents on seed germination and growth traits of wheat. triticale, barley, and oat. The seeds of the plant materials were planted in a completely randomized block design with three replications and irrigated with different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents (1:10, 1:40 and 1:80), undiluted pre-tanning effluent (1:0) and tap water (control). The data were collected on the numbers of germinated seeds, germination percentage, root length, root weight, shoot length. shoot weight and root+ shoot weight at the end of 15(th) day after planting. The results showed that the differences among the treatments were significant for all characteristics investigated (P<0.05). The undiluted pre-tanning effluent (1:0) had adverse effects on seed germination and growth traits for every genotype. In some crops, in oat for instance, 1:10 dilution resulted in the highest values of the studied traits.Öğe EFFECTS OF PRETANNING EFFLUENT ORIGINATED FROM LEATHER INDUSTRY ON THE GERMINATION OF RICE SEEDS(Technical Univ Wroclaw, 2014) Yapici, Ali Nail; Tayyar, SemunThe effects of pretanning effluent obtained from leather processing on the germination and seedling growth of rice were investigated. Undiluted pretanning effluents, and its 1:10, 1:40 and 1:80 dilutions along with tap water were used for irrigation to germinate the seeds. Some morphological characteristics were investigated. No germination occurred in the seeds irrigated with the undiluted pretanning effluent. Elemental analyses of the shoots and roots of rice seedlings were conducted. The lowest contents of C (29.7%), S (0.41%), Cr (1.2 mg/kg) and Na (2933.8 mg/kg) in shoots were detected in control group. The lowest contents of Cu (38.81 mg/kg) and Mn (2225.0 mg/kg) in roots were determined in irrigations with 1:10 dilutions.Öğe Evaluation of 12 bread wheat varieties for seed yield and some chemical properties grown in Northwestern Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2008) Tayyar, Semun; Gul, M. KemalThe quality and yield of wheat grain have been increasingly becoming an important factor in cereal trading throughout the world. Breeders have to make many efforts to breed new cultivars giving more yields with high quality. In this research, grain yield, some agronomic characteristics (spike length, number of spikelets, number of grain per spike, grain weight per spike, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and plant height) and quality traits (hectoliter weight, grain moisture, protein, ash, falling number, gluten, gluten index, sedimentation and modified sedimentation) of 12 bread wheat varieties grown during the growing seasons of 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 were investigated. The purpose of the study was to determine the performances and some chemical compositions related to flour quality of different bread wheat genotypes under the ecological conditions of Biga, located in the northwest part of Turkey and to investigate the correlations among quality parameters. Significant differences for all important traits; yield (4064.7-6141.5 kg ha(-1)), protein content (10.63-13.18%), gluten content (28.97-37.43%) and gluten index (54.50-94.00%) were found. High and positive correlations were observed between protein content and some other quality traits (ash, falling number, gluten, sedimentation and modified sedimentation). Tosunbey was the best variety with high yield and quality parameters.Öğe Evaluation of genetic diversity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) using RAPD markers and morpho-agronomic traits(Ars Docendi, 2011) Szilagyi, Lizica; Tayyar, Semun; Ciuca, MatildaRAPD markers and morpho-agronomic traits were used to evaluate genetic diversity among 20 common bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L) that included six developed in Romania, twelve in Turkey and two in GAT Colombia Only 4 of all the 11 random primers used in RAPD reactions showed polymorphism acceptable for an effective characterization of bean cultivars. These four primers (OPA 17, OPG 05, OPG 06, OPG 14) generated 56 DNA bands, of which 29 bands showing polymorphism (51.78%). On average, each primer generated 14 bands, of which 7.25 were polymorphic. Genetic distances were calculated using Nei&Li (1979) similarity coefficient, displayed in a dendrogram (UPGMA method) Cluster analysis based on RAPD amplification products divided genotypes in two main groups. Cluster A comprises 13 bean genotypes distributed in two subgroups and cluster B comprises 7 bean genotypes distributed in two subgroups. Genetic similarity vary greatly (44% - 96%), depending on the pairs of genotypes, on the groups and subgroups. It has lower values between genotypes of different clusters (A and B) and higher values between genotypes within each cluster. The genetic diversity obtained with these markers was similar to that provided by morpho-agronomical traits. According the UPGMA and morpho-agronomical traits, the genotypes were clustered according to on seed size and type of growth. Molecular and morpho-agronomic data sets were equally effective to quantify and organize the genetic diversity of common bean cultivars. The results suggested that the level of genetic diversity among common bean cultivars tested was sufficient for a breeding program and can be used to establish genetic relationships among them with unknown pedigrees.Öğe Genetic and nuclear DNA content variation of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) accessions grown in Turkey(United Arab Emirates Univ, 2022) Tiryak, Iskender; Karaoglu, Guelnur; Tayyar, SemunThe objectives of this study were to make morphological and molecular characterization of Turkish stevia accessions. The field data showed significant variations (P < 0.05) for all morphological parameters (plant height, number of main stems per plant, number of secondary stems, fresh and herb yields) exception with number of secondary stems. The primers of MtP5CS, AtNHX1, MtProDH, Mt-Actin MtSOS1 and MtSOS2 genes were used as loci specific DNA markers. All markers were amplified in Stevia genome and provided a mean of 74.16% polymorphism rate. Flow cytometer analysis showed no statistically significant differences (P < 0.16) for 2C DNA content with a mean of 1.62 pg. The UPGMA analysis revealed that Samsun accession was distinctly separated from the others and had the lowest 2C DNA content (1.52 pg). This study first time showed that the stevia accessions grown in Turkey have limited genetic and no nuclear DNA content variations. The results also revealed that gene targeted functional markers associated with salt and drought tolerance have a great potential to be used as DNA markers to determine the genetic variation in plants.Öğe Grain yield and agronomic characteristics of Romanian bread wheat varieties under the conditions of Northwestern Turkey(Academic Journals, 2008) Tayyar, SemunIn this study, fourteen bread wheat varieties, twelve of which were introduced into Turkey from Romania, were evaluated for grain yield and seven agronomic properties in Biga, Canakkale in northwest part of Turkey in 2005 - 2006 and 2006 - 2007 growing seasons. The objectives of the research, carried out in a completely randomized block design with 3 replicates, were to investigate Romanian wheat varieties, to study the associations between yield and yield components, and to determine the most promising varieties suitable to Biga conditions. Based on a two-year data, all the characteristics examined showed significant difference ( P < 0.05) and varied with a wide range in grain yield (344.0 - 475.5 kg da(-1)), plant height (78.1 - 103.3 cm), spike length (9.2 - 16.4 cm), number of spikelets (15.3 - 19.3 number), number of grains per spike (35.7 - 43.3 number), grain weight per spike (1.25 - 1.73 g), harvest index (34.2 - 43.8%) and 1000 grain weight (35.2 - 47.8 g). Except for harvest index, genotype x year interactions (GxY) was found to be significant for all the traits studied. Correlation coefficient analyses showed that the grain yield had positive and significant associations with plant height (r = 0.416***), grain weight per spike (r = 0.345**), number of grain per spike ( r = 0.220*) and 1000 grain weight (r = 0.388***). Consequently, new bread wheat varieties, Joseph followed by Dumbrava and Trivale, from Romania gave rise to higher yield compared to the local varieties.Öğe INFLUENCE OF LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF GRAPE CV. USLU(Univ Zagreb, Fac Agriculture, 2006) Dardeniz, Alper; Tayyar, Semun; Yalcin, SevilLow-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF) at 50 Hz, 0.15 mT was applied to canes of 'Uslu' grape for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The canes were prepared by cutting them into 50-60 mm one-bud scions. The scions were planted with the density of 40 x 40 mm into propagation boxes. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete blocks design with 4 replicates and each replicate consisted of 15 scions. The parameters of vigour (shoot growth) of the first three weeks, bud-break percentage of the first three weeks, bud-break percentage, vigour, rooting percentage, root development, root weight, number of root, shoot length, shoot weight, number of node, node height, root/shoot weight and shoot + root weight were included in the study. As a result, different durations of 50 Hz frequency resulted in significant differences on mean rooting percentage, mean root development, mean root weight, mean number of root, mean shoot weight and mean shoot+root weight.Öğe Influence of tannery wastewater on seed germination of some field crops(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2008) Tayyar, Semun; Yapici, Ali Nail; Şahiner, MehtapTannery effluents contain not only valuable nutrients, but also salts, heavy metals, some pathogens, dying agents, etc. It is one of the ten most harmful concerns to the environment because of the lack of proper waste disposal applications. This present study was conducted to determine the effects of tannery wastewater on some germination properties of wheat, maize, rice, chickpea, bean, sunflower and soybean seeds, which are of great importance for crop production of Turkey. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with three replications. For these purposes, four concentrations of the effluent (1:0, 1:10, 1:40 and 1:80) including tap water as control were analyzed for some physical and chemical properties, and used in irrigations for germination of the seeds in Petri dishes. The numbers of germinated seeds at 48(th), 96(th), 144(th), 192(nd), 240(th) and 288(th) hours were counted. Root and hypocotyl lengths were measured at 96(th) hour for wheat, at 192(nd) hour for sunflower and soybean, at 240(th) hour for rice, chickpea and bean, and at 288(th) hour for maize. Chemical analysis of the effluent revealed that it is rich in some plant nutrients; however, different concentrations of the effluent had negative effects on seed germination and plant growth. As a result, undiluted tannery effluent (1:0) significantly decreased and inhibited seed germination compared to the other concentrations. All the characteristics investigated in the study were affected by effluent applications (P < 0.05).Öğe SEED GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS OF BROAD BEAN, LENTIL AND COMMON BEAN IRRIGATED WITH DIFFERENT DILUTIONS OF PRE-TANNING EFFLUENTS(Interciencia, 2009) Tayyar, Semun; Yapici, Ali NailLeather manufacturing is a worldwide industry that has been carried out for centuries and has achieved great importance in Turkey However the leather industry is associated with the generation of large amounts of waste water and solid wastes that are a threat to the environment. A germination experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents on the germination characteristics of broad bean, lentil and common bean. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized block with three replications. Seeds of each species were sown and irrigated with different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents (1:10, 1:40 and 1:80 tap water: effluent), undiluted pretanning effluent, and tap water (control). Number of germinated seeds, germination percentage, root length, root weight, shoot length, shoot weight and root+shoot weight were measured at 15 days after planting. All germination properties varied considerably, and significant differences among them were determined (P<0.05). Undiluted pre-tanning effluent had adverse effects and no germination occurred for any of the tested plant materials. Except for the undiluted pre-tanning effluent, no significant differences were detected in the number of germinated seeds and germination percentage, whereas some differences among treatments were observed for the remaining characteristics.Öğe Seed germination characteristics of broad bean, lentil and common bean irrigated with different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents(2009) Tayyar, Semun; Yapici, Ali NailLeather manufacturing is a worldwide industry that has been carried out for centuries and has achieved great importance in Turkey. However, the leather industry is associated with the generation of large amounts of waste water and solid wastes that are a threat to the environment. A germination experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents on the germination characteristics of broad bean, lentil and common bean. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized block with three replications. Seeds of each species were sown and irrigated with different dilutions of pre-tanning effluents (1:10, 1:40 and 1:80 tap water:effluent), undiluted pre-tanning effluent, and tap water (control). Number of germinated seeds, germination percentage, root length, root weight, shoot length, shoot weight and root+shoot weight were measured at 15 days after planting. All germination properties varied considerably, and significant differences among them were determined (P<0.05). Undiluted pre-tanning effluent had adverse effects and no germination occurred for any of the tested plant materials. Except for the undiluted pre-tanning effluent, no significant differences were detected in the number of germinated seeds and germination percentage, whereas some differences among treatments were observed for the remaining characteristics. © 2009 Asociación Interciencia.Öğe Some chemical and technological properties of Turkish triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) genotypes(Ars Docendi, 2014) Tayyar, SemunTriticale was developed by man-crossing to combine the grain yield and quality of wheat and the durability of rye. The bread-making quality of triticale is inferior to wheat. Although it is mainly used as feeding animal, the potential of bread-making quality of Turkish triticale genotypes has not been fully investigated. This study was conducted to determine bread-making qualities of seven Turkish triticale genotypes in a randomized block design with 3 replicates over a two-year trial in Biga, Turkey. Significant differences were determined among the triticale genotypes for the traits studied including grain moisture, protein content, gluten, gluten index, Zeleny sedimentation, modified sedimentation, falling number and ash. According to mean values over two years, the mean values of the genotypes ranged from 10.8 to 12.1% for grain moisture, 9.8 to 12.0% for protein, 22.3 to 26.7% for gluten, 61.3 to 69.2% for gluten index, 14.2 to 22.2 ml for Zeleny sedimentation, 17.8 to 28.2 ml for modified sedimentation, 161.5 to 267.3 s for falling number and 0.59 to 0.64% for ash. The results revealed that the triticale genotypes had inferior parameters for bread-making quality, and they could be used in blends with bread wheat.Öğe The effect of autumn and spring planting time on seed yield and protein content of chickpea genotypes(Academic Journals, 2008) Tayyar, Semun; Egesel, Cem O.; Gul, Kemal M.; Turhan, HakanThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of autumn and spring plantings on seed yield and quality of chickpea genotypes. Fourteen chickpea genotypes were grown over the consecutive two growing seasons in northwest Turkey. The results showed that planting time had significant effects on the investigated traits (P < 0.05). Significant differences for yield were observed between autumn (2050 kg ha(-1)) and spring (1588 kg ha(-1)) plantings. Line 99-59C was the highest yielding genotype both in autumn (2662 kg ha(-1)) and spring (2000 kg ha(-1)) plantings. Seed analysis revealed that crude protein content in spring planting (23.2%) was higher than in autumn planting (20.5%). The highest protein content (21.1%) was produced by genotype P-2 in autumn planting whereas line 97-73C had the highest content (24.6%) in spring planting. In addition, yield was highly and positively correlated with C/N ratio (r = 0.20**) whereas it was negatively correlated with protein (r = -0.19**). As a result, planting time influenced yield, yield components and chemical composition of the genotypes. Autumn planting had advantages for higher seed yield and consequently higher amount of protein per harvested area.Öğe Variation in grain yield and quality of romanian bread wheat varieties compared to local varieties in northwestern turkey(Ars Docendi, 2010) Tayyar, SemunFourteen bread wheat varieties, 12 introduced from Romania and two local Turkish ones were investigated in Northwestern Turkey for grain yield and grain quality in order to determine the most suitable and superior new wheat varieties for the region. The varieties were grown in two successive growing seasons (2005-2006 / 2006-2007) in a completely randomized block experimental design with three replications. Significant differences in grain yield and quality parameters such as protein gluten gluten index, sedimentation, modified sedimentation, hectoliter weight and grain moisture were found between the two local and introduced varieties. Significant genotype x year interactions was observed for all the traits examined except for protein, grain moisture and hectoliter weight. The grain yield of local varieties, Gonen and Saqittario was 454.4 kg da(-1) and 419.4 kg da(-1)), respectively. The highest grain yield was obtained from introduced Romanian variety of Joseph (475.5 kg da(-1)) whereas Turda (344.0 kg da(-1)) and Diva (348.2 kg da(-1)) gave the lowest grain yield. The highest grain protein content was 12.78% for Ardeal and the lowest 10.85% for Gabriela. Correlation coefficients analyses revealed negative relationships between grain yield and gluten (-0.311**), sedimentation (-0.362***) and modified sedimentation (-0.265*), and positive relationships between grain yield and hectoliter weight (0.312**). Protein was positively associated with gluten (0.275**) and modified sedimentation (0.253*). No relationships were observed between grain moisture and other investigated traits. The studies suggest that the Romanian bread wheat variety, Joseph with higher grain yield and better quality characters in comparison with local varieties could be a new variety for the Northwestern region of Turkey.
