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    Relationships among social support, healthy lifestyle beliefs, physical literacy, and enjoyment of physical activity: a moderated mediation model
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Yucekaya, Mehmet Akif; Ugras, Sinan; Sagin, Ahmet Enes; Cetin, Arif; Iconomescu, Teodora-Mihaela; Talaghir, Laurentiu-Gabriel
    Objective This study aims to examine the relationships between social support, physical literacy, and healthy lifestyle beliefs in adolescents and to investigate the moderating effect of enjoyment of physical activities on these relationships.Method The study was conducted with the participation of 1,349 adolescents. The ages of the participants ranged between 10 and 14 years, and 49.6% were male (n = 669) and 50.4% were female (n = 680). Data were collected using the Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale for Adolescents to measure adolescents' healthy lifestyle beliefs, the Perceived Physical Literacy Scale for Adolescents (PPLSA) to determine their physical literacy levels, the Social Support Scale in Physical Activities to assess the perception of social support, and the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale to measure the level of enjoyment of physical activities. The study tested the moderated mediation model for its association among the variables.Results The model developed in this study found social support in PA predicted health lifestyle beliefs, positively, and significantly. Social support and perceptions of a healthy lifestyle are moderated by physical literacy, research shows. A further analysis also found that the relationship between physical literacy and social support is moderated by enjoyment of physical activities. However, the association between social support and healthy lifestyle beliefs and between physical literacy and healthy lifestyle beliefs were not appreciably influenced by enjoyment in physical activity. The findings indicated that social support has a positive and significant effect on physical literacy and attitudes toward healthy lifestyle. Physical literacy was identified as a central contributor to improving adolescents' health habits by mediating the relationship between social support and conceptions of healthy living. However, the enjoyment of fitness did not matter in some situations, the study found. These results further illustrate the importance of promoting social support and physical literacy instruction to promote a wellness lifestyle adoption by adolescents. The possible long-term effects of feeling good about exercising in various settings, and for health-related habits, should receive more scrutiny.
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    The effect of physical activity on life satisfaction among sports science students: a moderated mediation model of resilience and mindfulness
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Secer, Emrah; Kacay, Zulbiye; Yildiz, Nuh Osman; Talaghir, Laurentiu-Gabriel; Cosoreanu, Dumitru Marius; Bentea, Cristina Corina
    Background This study examines the effect of physical activity (PA) on life satisfaction (LS), focusing on the mediating role of psychological resilience (PR) and the moderating role of mindfulness (MF).Method Participants were 363 sports science students (240 male and 123 female). Data were collected through International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, the Life Satisfaction Scale, the Psychological Resilience Scale-Short Form and the Mindfulness Scale. The measurement model was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in AMOS 21 and hypothesis were analyzed using Hayes' (2022) Process Macro models (4, 1, and 7).Results The mediation effect (Model 4) indicated that the indirect effect of PA on LS through PR was significant. The moderation analysis (Model 1) showed that mindfulness significantly moderated the relationship between PA and PR. Finally, the moderated mediation model (Model 7) confirmed that the indirect effect of PA on LS via PR was stronger at higher levels of mindfulness. Although the effect size was small, it highlights the practical importance of integrating mindfulness in resilience pathways.Conclusion These findings suggest that physical activity contributes to life satisfaction by enhancing resilience, and that this indirect effect is conditioned by mindfulness. These findings point to the potential value of resilience-building and mindfulness-based programs in educational and psychological practice. However, as the study sample consisted of sports science students from a single faculty, the results should be interpreted with caution regarding generalizability.