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    Occurrence of star flowers in Cardinal (Vitis vinifera L.) cv.
    (Academic Journals, 2009) Gokbayrak, Z.; Dardeniz, A.; Soylemezoglu, G.; Kizilcik, S.
    Star flowers are flowers that differ from normal Vitis flowers in that the calyptra breaks open from the top like the flowers of most other species plants. This is the first report of the occurrence of star flowers in Turkey. Star flowers were observed in Cardinal (Vitis vinifera L.). The structural features are compared to normal flowers. A genetic analysis using RAPD-PCR was performed to determine if there was a genetic difference between the vines nearing two flower types. There were some minor morphological differences, but RAPD analysis did not show any genetic dissimilarities. Inflorescences appeared more compact on star flowered vines due to shorter pedicels in flowers. Fruit set was also extremely low. This formation is reported in different regions of the world on different cultivars. This might be more common that previously thought. It warrants further research.
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    USE OF MORPHOLOGICAL MARKERS TO IDENTIFY FOLIAR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN GRAPEVINE
    (Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2010) Gokbayrak, Z.; Ozer, C.; Soylemezoglu, G.
    Morphological characteristics of 324 vines, developed from a cross between 'Italia' and 'Mercan' grapevine varieties with various levels resistance to powdery and downy mildew were examined for a possible association with disease resistance using a tree-based discriminant analysis. Petiole coloration was the main discriminant for downy mildew. When the pigmentation was low, anthocyanin coloration of the tip was needed to screen susceptible plants from the resistant ones. With the anthocyanin pigmentation medium to strong, 63.5% of the plants were selected as resistant. Plants with darker petiole color required mature leaf profile and width of the petiolar sinus to be factored in to successfully discriminate the susceptible ones from the resistant plants. Anthocyanin coloration of the tip was the main discriminant variable for powdery mildew. Alongside of a strongly colored shoot tip, the petiole color and the shape of the mature leaf blade had to be incorporated into selection process. It seems that anthocyanin in petioles or shoot tip might play a role selecting resistant or susceptible genotypes from the population.