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    Affective Reactions to One's Whole Life: Preliminary Development and Validation of the Ontological Well-Being Scale
    (Springer, 2013) Simsek, Omer Faruk; Kocayoruk, Ercan
    In line with the perspective provided by the intentional paradigm which claims that the measures of subjective well-being (SWB), whether cognitive or affective, should refer to life itself, the Ontological Well-Being Scale (OWBS) has been operationalized. The research reported herein was aimed at developing and validating this psychometric tool in the assessment of individuals' affective evaluations of their life within a three-time perspective. Five studies were conducted to confirm the factor structure of the OWBS and to assess its construct validity. Four factors were derived and validated, which were shown to relate to mental health indicators and personality in expected ways. It was found that this new construct, in contrast with the current measures, did not tap into the personality factors of extraversion and neuroticism. Incremental validity results showed that the OWBS explained additional variance in mental health indicators already captured by the current measures of SWB.
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    Higher-order Traits and Happiness in the Workplace: The Importance of Occupational Project Scale for the Evaluation of Characteristic Adaptations
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Buruk, Pelin; Simsek, Omer Faruk; Kocayoruk, Ercan
    This study attempts to explain the relationship between job satisfaction and the Big Two, Stability and Plasticity, which are the higher-order traits of Big Five. Occupational Project, a narrative construct, was considered a mediator variable in this relationship. Occupational Project consists of affective and cognitive evaluations of an individual's work life as a project in terms of the completed (past), the ongoing (present) and the prospective (future) parts. The survey method was applied to a sample of 253 participants. The results supported the proposed model, in which Occupational Project mediated the relationship between the Big Two and both job satisfaction and affect in workplace. Discussion is focused on applying Occupational Project as a practical tool for management. Consideration of an employee's Occupational Project could provide management with a means to question, understand, intervene with and redefine the narrative quality of his/her occupational project that influences job satisfaction.
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    Ontological Wellbeing of University Students: A Cluster-Analysis Approach
    (Hacettepe Univ, 2018) Kocayoruk, Ercan; Altintas, Emin; Simsek, Omer Faruk; Bozanoglu, Ihsan; Celik, Bekir
    This study is focused on the relationship between purpose in life, emotional wellbeing, ontological (life project) wellbeing, and compassionate love. The Purpose in Life subscale of Psychological Well-Being Scale, Emotional Wellbeing Scale, Ontological Wellbeing Scale, and Compassionate Love for Humanity Scale were administered to 287 students who were undergraduate students and graduate students (masters and doctoral). Cluster analysis results indicated profiles of three factors. First profile showed high level of hope and come into action toward low regret and nothingness. High regret and nothingness were experienced toward low level of hope and come into action on the second profile. Moderate ontological wellbeing was exposed on the last profile. MANOVA analyses were used to compare those three profiles and statistically significant difference were found between Emotional Wellbeing, Purpose in Life, and Compassionate Love Scores. Moreover, the results of the study indicated that exposing high level of ontological wellbeing on hope and come into action is related to life goals, emotional wellbeing, and compassionate love.
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    Parental Attachment and Adolescents' Perception of School Alienation: The Mediation Role of Self-Esteem and Adjustment
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Kocayoruk, Ercan; Simsek, Omer Faruk
    The present study examined the relationship between adolescents' attachment to parents and their feelings of alienation in the school context by considering the mediating role of adjustment and self-esteem. It was proposed that the degree of attachment to one's parents was associated with adjustment and self-esteem, which in turn predicted possible school alienation. A total of 227 students completed self-report measures on parental attachment, adjustment, self-esteem, and alienation from school. Results were consistent with the attachment theory and related literature that posits that (a) secure attachment to parents was associated with adjustment and self-esteem, (b) secure attachment to parents was negatively associated with feelings of school alienation, and (c) adjustment and self-esteem were a crucial mediators between attachment to parents and school alienation. In addition to enhanced adjustment, the self-esteem of adolescents may be an additional factor in reducing alienation at school. The results also supported the mediator role of self-esteem in the relationship between attachment to parents and adjustment. Finally, the relationship between self-esteem and school alienation were shown to be fully mediated by adjustment. The results were discussed in the context of responsibilities of teachers and school counselors, which may provide both students and parents with the skills to improve social functioning in the school context.
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    Revisiting Attachment to Parents and Depression Link in Adolescence: the Importance of Language Use and Emotion Regulation
    (Springer, 2019) Bozanoglu, Ihsan; Simsek, Omer Faruk; Altintas, Emin; Kocayoruk, Ercan
    Although past research has provided important information about the relationship between attachment and mental health during the period of adolescence, the role of intervening variables in this association has been neglected. The aim of the present study was to illuminate the association between adolescents' secure attachment to parents and mental health, i.e., emotion regulation and depression, and to focus on the mediating role of language use operationalized by the gap between experience and language. Three-hundred seventy-four adolescents (220 females, 154 males) participated in the study. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results provided support for the intervening role of language use and it was further shown that the relationship between language use and depression is mediated by emotion regulation. Language use and emotion regulation are potential mediators between attachment to parents and depression. The effects of problematic attachment experiences on attachment might be intervened by focusing on language use of adolescents, which in turn could improve insight.
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    The effect of childhood trauma on psychopathology and well-being: Personal narratives as mediating variables
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Usun, Hilal Akcay; Guneri, Gulin; Simsek, Omer Faruk; Kocayoruk, Ercan
    A large body of past research indicates the long-term effects of childhood trauma (CT) and adversity on mental illness and mental health. Although some studies focus on the constructs that mediate between CT and adult functioning, there is still a need to investigate the mechanisms underlying in this relation. In the present study, both mental illness (depression and anxiety) and mental health (life satisfaction) were considered and the mediatory role of personal narratives [operationalized by Ontological Well-Being (OWB)] between CT and both mental illness and mental health was examined by using structural equation modeling. Participants were 200 adults (116 women, 84 men) from the general population in Turkey. They completed a self-report questionnaire assessing CT, OWB, depression and anxiety as well as life satisfaction. Mediation analysis indicated that OWB mediated the relationship between CT and mental illness, as well as CT and mental health. The model tested in this research suggested that change in life stories (or OWB) of CT survivors might provide rapid improvement in their mental health condition.
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    The validity and reliability of the Turkish brief version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory for adolescents
    (Kare Publ, 2020) Kocayoruk, Ercan; Simsek, Omer Faruk
    Objective: The study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) developed by Zimbardo and Boyd with a sample of subjects in late adolescence (aged between 17 and 24 years). Method: In order to determine how well the identified model of the shortened version of the ZTPI (five subscales with 15 items) fits the Turkish adaptation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to understand the factor structure of ZTPI. Results: The results of the initial CFA suggested that the original factor structure of the ZPTI shortened version with 15 items fit the data for adolescents' ratings of time perspective on the measures. The EFA revealed a five-factor structure for ZPTI with a shortened scale. CFA using competing models strategy also supported the five-factor structure. Convergent validity study yielded moderate correlations with other mental health indicators. Conclusion: The findings of the current study provided a good starting point for further ZTPI developments in Turkish culture. It is proposed that a proper balance between past, present, and future are now considered preconditions for success, mental health, and personal happiness. Considering the findings of the current study, time perspective may be useful for evaluating the personality concerns and well-being of clients in counseling and therapy.