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    A Facile Strategy for Preparing Flexible and Porous Hydrogel-Based Scaffolds from Silk Sericin/Wool Keratin by In Situ Bubble-Forming for Muscle Tissue Engineering Applications
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Demiray, Elif Beyza; Sezgin Arslan, Tugba; Derkus, Burak; Arslan, Yavuz Emre
    In the present study, it is aimed to fabricate a novel silk sericin (SS)/wool keratin (WK) hydrogel-based scaffolds using an in situ bubble-forming strategy containing an N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N '-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling reaction. During the rapid gelation process, CO2 bubbles are released by activating the carboxyl groups in sericin with EDC and NHS, entrapped within the gel, creating a porous cross-linked structure. With this approach, five different hydrogels (S2K1, S4K2, S2K4, S6K3, and S3K6) are constructed to investigate the impact of varying sericin and keratin ratios. Analyses reveal that more sericin in the proteinaceous mixture reinforced the hydrogel network. Additionally, the hydrogels' pore size distribution, swelling ratio, wettability, and in vitro biodegradation rate, which are crucial for the applications of biomaterials, are evaluated. Moreover, biocompatibility and proangiogenic properties are analyzed using an in-ovo chorioallantoic membrane assay. The findings suggest that the S4K2 hydrogel exhibited the most promising characteristics, featuring an adequately flexible and highly porous structure. The results obtained by in vitro assessments demonstrate the potential of S4K2 hydrogel in muscle tissue engineering. However, further work is necessary to improve hydrogels with an aligned structure to meet the features that can fully replace muscle tissue for volumetric muscle loss regeneration. A novel hydrogel-based bioengineered scaffold with a porous and flexible ultrastructure is fabricated via in situ crosslinking of sericin and keratin. In chorioallantoic membrane analysis, the bioengineered scaffold not only shows angiogenic potential but also promotes the biological behavior of C2C12 muscle cells. These results highlight the potential of the sericin/keratin scaffold for future applications in repairing volumetric muscle tissue loss. image
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    Organic-inorganic biohybrid films from wool-keratin/jellyfish-collagen/silica/boron via sol-gel reactions for soft tissue engineering applications
    (Institute of Physics, 2024) Yildiz, Safiye Nur; Sezgin Arslan, Tugba; Arslan, Yavuz Emre
    Therapeutic angiogenesis is pivotal in creating effective tissue-engineered constructs that deliver nutrients and oxygen to surrounding cells. Hence, biomaterials that promote angiogenesis can enhance the efficacy of various medical treatments, encompassing tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery systems. Considering these, we propose a rapid method for producing composite silicon-boron-wool keratin/jellyfish collagen (Si-B-WK/JFC) inorganic-organic biohybrid films using sol-gel reactions. In this approach, reactive tetraethyl orthosilicate and boric acid (pKa ? 9.24) were used as silicon and boron sources, respectively, and a solid-state gel was formed through the condensation reaction of these reactive groups with the keratin/collagen mixture. Once the resulting gel was thoroughly suspended in water, the films were prepared by a casting/solvent evaporation methodology. The fabricated hybrid films were characterized structurally and mechanically. In addition, angiogenic characteristics were determined by the in ovo chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, which revealed an increased vascular network within the Si-B-WK/JFC biohybrid films. In conclusion, it is believed that Si-B-WK/JFC biohybrid films with mechanical and pro-angiogenic properties have the potential to be possessed in soft tissue engineering applications, especially wound healing. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
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    Organic-inorganic biohybrid films from wool-keratin/jellyfish-collagen/silica/boron via sol-gel reactions for soft tissue engineering applications
    (IOP Publishing, 2024) Yıldız, Safiye Nur; Sezgin Arslan, Tugba; Arslan, Yavuz Emre
    Therapeutic angiogenesis is pivotal in creating effective tissue-engineered constructs that deliver nutrients and oxygen to surrounding cells. Hence, biomaterials that promote angiogenesis can enhance the efficacy of various medical treatments, encompassing tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery systems. Considering these, we propose a rapid method for producing composite silicon-boron-wool keratin/jellyfish collagen (Si-B-WK/JFC) inorganic-organic biohybrid films using sol-gel reactions. In this approach, reactive tetraethyl orthosilicate and boric acid (pKa ⩾ 9.24) were used as silicon and boron sources, respectively, and a solid-state gel was formed through the condensation reaction of these reactive groups with the keratin/collagen mixture. Once the resulting gel was thoroughly suspended in water, the films were prepared by a casting/solvent evaporation methodology. The fabricated hybrid films were characterized structurally and mechanically. In addition, angiogenic characteristics were determined by the in ovo chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, which revealed an increased vascular network within the Si-B-WK/JFC biohybrid films. In conclusion, it is believed that Si-B-WK/JFC biohybrid films with mechanical and pro-angiogenic properties have the potential to be possessed in soft tissue engineering applications, especially wound healing.
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    Synthesis of Silica-Based Boron-Incorporated Collagen/Human Hair Keratin Hybrid Cryogels with the Potential Bone Formation Capability
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2021) Cal, Fatma; Sezgin Arslan, Tugba; Derkus, Burak; Kiran, Fadime; Cengiz, Ugur; Arslan, Yavuz Emre
    Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have evolved into a different concept, the so-called clinical tissue engineering. Within this context, the synthesis of next-generation inorganic-organic hybrid constructs without the use of chemical crosslinkers emerges with a great potential for treating bone defects. Here, we propose a sophisticated approach for synthesizing cost-effective boron (B)- and silicon (Si)-incorporated collagen/hair keratin (B-Si-Col-HK) cryogels with the help of sol-gel reactions. In this approach, collagen and hair keratin were engaged with a B-Si network using tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silica precursor, and the obtained cryogels were characterized in depth with attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, porosity and swelling tests, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda analyses, frequency sweep and temperature-dependent rheology, contact angle analysis, micromechanical tests, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. In addition, the cell survival and osteogenic features of the cryogels were evaluated by the MTS test, live/dead assay, immuno/histochemistry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. We conclude that the B-Si-networked Col-HK cryogels having good mechanical durability and osteoinductive features would have the potential bone formation capability. © 2021 American Chemical Society.
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    The Use of Decellularized Animal Tissues in Regenerative Therapies
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2015) Arslan, Yavuz Emre; Hiz, Meliha Merve; Sezgin Arslan, Tugba
    Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are nonhematopoietic cells found in the adipose tissue that have multipotent characteristics. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have ability to differentiate into multiple lineages, including osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic phenotypes. Because of their high degree of plasticity and ease of isolation, they have a great potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Tissue engineering, using cells, soluble matriks-bound factors and supporting scaffolds, is a promising approach for regeneration, repairing and replacement of malfunctioning tissues and organs. Three-dimensional scaffolds are essential to serve as an adhesive substrate for the transplanted cells and a physical support to guide the formation of new tissues or organs. Particularly, the use of extracellular matrices prepared by decellularized whole tissue and organ as three-dimensional constructs have drawn increasing attention as a tissue engineering strategy. In this context, it is expected that investigating the cellular behaviour of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on decellularized whole tissue and organ will have a positive impact on regenerative medicine. This review offers a current perspective about decellularization of animal tissues, stem cells' behaviors on obtained matrices and potential use of these matrices in human and/or animal clinic.