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Öğe Co-seismic beachrock deformation of 8th century AD Earthquake in Middle Strand of North Anatolian Fault, Lake Iznik, NW Turkey(Elsevier, 2021) Erginal, Ahmet Evren; Erenoğlu, Ramazan Cüneyt; Yıldırım, Cengiz; Selim, H. Haluk; Kıyak, Nafiye Güneç; Erenoğlu, Oya; Ulugergerli, EminA historical earthquake-related co-seismic deformation observed on beachrock beds along the southern shoreline of Lake Iznik is discussed as a new paleoseismic record for an 8th century AD earthquake in the Middle Strand of the North Anatolian Fault, NW Turkey. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) images beneath the beachrock surface allowed monitoring of the subsurface trace of a normal fault dipping north along a 100 m surface rupture. No strike-slip deformation exists along the rupture, suggesting that the deformation in the beachrock is connected with a secondary structure, and that the main surface rupture was under the lake waters. The deformed beds of the beachrock, dated using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) to 1.3 ± 0.15 ka, are overlain by an undeformed secondary deposition of beds dated to 1.2 ± 0.09 ka. This allows us to narrow down the time of the faulting and implying that it was most likely a result of the AD 715 earthquake.Öğe Environmental changes based on multi-proxy analysis of core sediments in Lake Aktas, Turkey: Preliminary results(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Kilic, Nurgul Karlioglu; Caner, Hulya; Erginal, Ahmet Evren; Ersin, Sinem; Selim, H. Haluk; Kaya, H.A sediment core covering the last millennium from Lake Aktas, a shallow alkaline soda lake in the northeast Anatolian highland of Turkey, was studied for pollen and physical and chemical proxies to reconstruct past climate change. The sediments were dated by AMS radiocarbon dating of bulk organic carbon. Among arboreal pollen (AP) from around 930 years ago, dominant trees were Pinus sylvestris, Picea orientalis, Abies, Betula, Fagus, and Quercus. AP exceeded NAP (non-arboreal pollen) in this time, whereas the opposite is the case in a pollen trap in the same region collecting the pollen for one year in 2015-2016. The comparison of modern and fossil pollen influx indicates that in that period trees were more widely distributed around the lake than today, where steppe vegetation now prevails. Inferred causes for the disappearance of trees are anthropogenic impacts and climatic change towards more continental conditions. The results also identify the onset of the Little Ice Age in the NE Anatolian highland of Turkey. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.Öğe MULTI-PROXY SEDIMENTARY RECORDS OF DRY-WET CLIMATE CYCLES DURING THE LAST 2 KA FROM LAKE CILDIR, EAST ANATOLIAN PLATEAU, TURKEY(Comitato Glaciologico Italiano, 2019) Erginal, Ahmet Evren; Cagatay, M. Namik; Selim, H. Haluk; Karabiyikoglu, Mustafa; Cakir, Caglar; Yakupoglu, Nurettin; Acar, DursunMulti-proxy analyses together with AMS radiocarbon dating of sedimentary organic carbon of a sediment core from Lake Cildir, NE Turkey was carried out to study temporal changes in climate over the last two millennia. The lake is characterized by very fine to coarse silt-sized, carbonate-free sediments deposited at a relatively low sedimentation rate of less than 0.31 mm/yr. Results from element geochemistry, total organic carbon (C-org), and physical properties (gamma density and magnetic susceptibility results testified the occurrence of alternating cycles of drier and wetter climatic periods since about 2.2 ka cal BP. The period from 2166 +/- 112 cal BP to the onset of Little Ice Age, including the Medieval Climatic Anomaly, is represented by alternation of warm and wet conditions with intervening relatively low-magnitude dry periods. The cold Little Ice Age period, on the other hand, was dry, with upward decreasing trends of Zr and Ti and C-org as well as relatively low values of Rb/Sr, indicating decreasing chemical weathering intensity in the drainage basin and low organic productivity in the lake.Öğe New record of calcarenite in Hatay, Turkey: an evidence of the Late Pleistocene Eastern Mediterranean–Red Sea connection(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Erginal, Ahmet Evren; Polymeris, Georgios S.; Erenoğlu, Oya; Giannoulatou, Valeria; Meriç, Engin; Karataş, Atilla; Şahiner, Eren; Selim, H. HalukThis study discusses the composition and age of calcarenite deposits and aeolianite overlying the upper Cretaceous ophiolites in the eastern Mediterranean north of the Asi River Delta. They record the Mediterranean–Red Sea water connection in the Late Pleistocene. Petrographic analysis and microfossil determination showed that these deposits are classified as micritic calcarenite and biocalcarenite, indicating deposition in a high-energy shoal environment and carbonate aeolianite with abundant rhizoliths as residuals of rootlet calcification. The invasive species of Amphistegina lobifera Larsen and Peneroplis pertusus (Forskal) found in the calcarenite and aeolianite make it clear that the Indo-Pacific Ocean waters reached the Levantine Sea basin during the periods MIS 5e and/or MIS 5c by following a palaeo-channel along the Gulf of Suez.