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    Effect of Hydrogen on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Ovariectomized Rats
    (Springernature, 2025) Kaya, Miktat; Makav, Mustafa; Sari, Ebru Karadag; Aras, Sukran Yediel; Kuru, Mushap; Vural, Abdussamed; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni
    The aim of the study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of hydrogen-rich water in pentylenetetrazol-induced epilepsy. A total of 30 female rats, 6 animals in each group, were used in the study. All groups except the control group were ovariectomized. Hydrogen-rich water Group (HRW) and Epilepsy + HRW Group (E + HRW) were administered intraperitoneally for 14 days. On the 14th day of the study, Epilepsy Group, HRW group and E + HRW group were administered a single dose of pentylenetetrazol intraperitoneally. Afterwards, all animals were recorded with a camera for 30 min and then epilepsy scoring was performed. All animals were then euthanized by cervical dissociation under anesthesia in accordance with ethical rules. Blood and tissue (brain and cerebellum) samples were collected from the animals. Biochemical measurements of MDA, GSH, native thiol, total thiol and disulfide homeostasis were performed. P53 and P27 genes were analyzed by PCR. Histopathological, routine hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically BCL-2 and caspas-3 immunoreagents were examined. MDA data showed a statistically significant increase in the E group. Especially in the cerebellum tissue, a statistical decrease in the E + HRW group compared to the E group is remarkable. When GSH, Total thiol and Native thiol data were analyzed, a statistical decrease was observed in the E group. Especially in blood and cerebellum tissue, statistical increase in E + HRW group compared to E group is remarkable. P53 and P27 genes were statistically but numerically significant. There was also a significant difference in Bcl-2 and Caspas-3 immunoreactivity in the E + HRW group compared to the E group. In conclusion, hydrogen-rich water administration of the E + HRW group showed a therapeutic effect compared to E group. In the light of the results, we suggest that hydrogen-rich water may have a reactive effect in epilepsy.