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    Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Application Areas
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2015) Kivanc, Mujde; Ozturk, Samil; Gokalp, Sevtap; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Tuglu, Ibrahim
    The use of stem cells derived from adipose tissue as an autologous and self-replenishing source for a variety of differentiated cell phenotypes, provides a great deal of promise for reconstructive surgery. The secret of the human body, stem cells are reserved. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells found in the human body placed in any body tissue characteristics that differentiate and win ever known to cross the tissue instead of more than 200 diseases and thus improve and, rejuvenates the tissues. So far, the cord blood of newborn babies are used as a source of stem cells, bone marrow, and twenty years after tooth stem cells in human adipose tissue, scientists studied more than other sources of stem cells in adipose tissue and discovered that. Increase in number of in vitro studies on adult stem cells, depending on many variables is that the stem cells directly to the desired soybean optimization can be performed.. We will conclude by assessing potential avenues for developing this incredibly promising field. The aim of this paper is to review the existing literature on applications of harvest, purification, characterization and cryopreservation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs).
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    Alpha-synuclein levels in multiple sclerosis patients with restless leg syndrome
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2020) Cakina, Suat; Yucel, Selma; Polat, Cemre Cagan; Ozturk, Samil
    Purpose: The restless legs syndrome is more frequent and critical in Multiple Sclerosis patients, and it harms their general well-being and life quality. Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein that can have an impact on the pathway of signaling, affecting the Dopamin 2 receptor and its receptor trafficking. Studies have shown that the decrease in dopamine 2 receptor and Restless Legs Syndrome disease are correlated. This study is aimed to ascertain the alpha-synuclein level in multiple sclerosis patients with restless legs syndrome. Materials and Methods: We took blood samples from 40 multiple sclerosis patients and 20 healthy individuals. Half of the patient group had Multiple Sclerosis with restless leg syndrome. In the study groups, the alpha-synuclein level was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-dependent immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Alpha-synuclein gene expression level was found or be significantly lower in restless leg syndrome patients with multiple sclerosis than the Alpha-synuclein gene expression level in the control group. Conclusion: Alpha-synuclein may have an impact on the pathogenesis of the restless leg syndrome of multiple sclerosis disease. Further investigations are required to determine the impact of alpha-synuclein in the pathogenesis of restless leg syndrome in multiple sclerosis disease.
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    Ameliorative Effects of Ulva rigida (C. Agardh, 1823) on Cadmium-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats
    (Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2022) Irkin, Latife Ceyda; Ozturk, Samil
    Many organs and systems, especially the kidney, are damaged by the effect of high-dose cadmium. These functional problems vary depending on the distribution of cadmium in the body, the way it is taken, the dose and the duration. Antioxidant activities of algae are due to the polyphenols, polysaccharides, pigments and vitamins they contain. Antioxidants are effective in protecting the body against damage caused by reactive oxygen species. This study was carried out to determine the therapeutic effects of Ulva rigida extract on kidney tissue fibrosis, inflammatory inflammation and apoptosis in cadmium-induced rats. In the study, 1 mg/kg CdCl2 was injected subcutaneously to the subjects four times a week for one month (G2). Concurrently, 50 mg/kg (G3) and 100 mg/kg (G4) algae extract were given to the subjects by gavage. In staining with hematoxylin-eosin, mononuclear cell infiltration in the kidney tissues, dilatation in the tubules, shrinkage of the glomeruli and degeneration of epithelium occurred with the induction of Cd. Immunohistochemically, it was determined that TGF-beta, TNF-alpha and NF-kB immunoreactivity was high due to tubular cells undergoing inflammation and apoptosis. Histopathological data show that U. rigida extract has a protective role against kidney damage in Cd-induced rats. Algae extract was found to play a protective role against cadmium-induced kidney damage. It was also found to have an important role as a therapeutic agent against oxidative stress.
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    ANTI-APOPTOTIC AND PROLIFERATIVE EFFECT OF MODERATE EXERCISE ON TESTICULAR TISSUE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED RATS
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2022) Ozturk, Samil; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Kamalak, Zeynep; Irkin, Latife Ceyda
    DM causes damage in many tissues and organs including the reproductive system. Severe damage in the male reproductive system is an important complication of DM. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of moderate exercise on testicular tissue in streptozotocin-diabetic (STZ) rats and to investigate the possible positive effects of exercise on the histological findings. Thirty adult rats were assigned to three groups: (a) control, (b) diabetes (40 mg/kg STZ) and (c) diabetes moderate exercise. The moderate exercise group started the exercise program 3 days before the induction of diabetes. After four weeks, the testes tissues of the rats were resected. Histochemical staining of the collected tissue specimens and morphometric tests were performed. Our study showed a reduction in the testis weight in the diabetes groups. The testis tissue of the control group was normal. Despite the atrophic changes, primary spermatocytes and spermatids were available in the testis tubules of the diabetic group. In the moderate exercise group, the architecture of the seminiferous tubules was close to normal in most of the specimens and the microscopic findings were not significantly different from those of the control group. Immunohistochemical results revealed that PCNA and TUNEL positive cells were significantly increased in the diabetic groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). The findings of our study supported that exercise had a significantly favorable effect on infertility, which is a complication of diabetes. Further molecular studies are required on this subject.
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    Antiapoptotic and proliferative effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on experimental Asherman model
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2019) Ozturk, Samil; Sonmez, Pinar Kilicaslan; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Topdagi, Yunus Emre; Tuglu, Mehmet Ibrahim
    Purpose: We investigated the effects of stem cell therapy as an alternative to surgical methods and medical treatments in endometrial injuries in Asherman syndrome (AS). Materials and Methods: In this study, AS model was created chemically in rats. The bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the tibia and femoral bone of male individuals of the same species (BMDSC) were given to female rats with asherman syndrome and the changes in the endometrium were evaluated by histopathological parameters. Asherman + medium, Asherman + niche, Asherman + BMDSCs, Asherman + BMDSCs + niche were formed in four groups. Results: It was observed that increased endometrial thickness, gland count and vascularization and decreased fibrous areas and apoptotic cell death with regeneration in epithelium and lamina propria in treatment groups. No histopathologic changes were observed in the right uterine horns, which were evaluated as control group.. Conclusion: BMDSCs and Niche applications can contribute to the clinic by reducing the formation of adhesion within the mechanisms causing infertility. These positive results are promising in terms of transporting Asherman studies to the clinic.It has been shown that BMDSCs and Niche may contribute to the clinic by treatment with adhesion molecules in mechanisms that cause infertility.
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    Gallic Acid Induces HeLa Cell Lines Apoptosis via the P53/Bax Signaling Pathway
    (Mdpi, 2024) Sari, Umut; Zaman, Fuat; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Ozturk, Samil; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi
    Background: Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that originates from the endometrium and is more common in developed countries and its incidence is increasing day by day in developing countries. The most commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic drugs limit their use due to serious side effects and the development of drug resistance. For this reason, interest in new active ingredients obtained from natural products is increasing. This study aimed to reveal the apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of gallic acid and doxorubicin combination therapy against the HeLa cell line. Methods: We investigated the anti-cancer effects of doxorubicin and gallic acid in the human HeLa cervical cell line by using the MTT test, Nucblue staining for the identification of apoptotic cells due to nuclear condensation using fluorescent substance, and apoptotic markers P53 and Bax for the RT-PCR test. Results: The highest cytotoxic effect obtained in the study, the highest increase in apoptotic induction, and a significant difference in P53/Bax levels were seen in the gallic acid/doxorubicin combination. Additionally, it was determined that gallic acid exhibited an effective cytotoxic effect on HeLa and HaCat cells within 48 and 72 h of application. Conclusions: The obtained findings show that the gallic acid/doxorubicin combination applied to HeLa cells may be an alternative treatment against both the cytotoxic effect size and the side effects of the chemotherapy agent.
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    Inhibitory effect of Curcumin on a cervical cancer cell line via the RAS/RAF signaling pathway
    (F Hernandez, 2025) Ozdemir, Ilhan; Zaman, Fuat; Bas, Dilek Dogan; Sari, Umut; Ozturk, Samil; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi
    Objective. Cervical cancer has a very important place in female infertility and ranks fourth among cancers affecting women. Curcumin (CUR) is closely associated with the expression and activity of various regulatory proteins. It is also known that curcumin has preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of cancer. In this study, the anticancer activities of curcumin were demonstrated in the human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Methods. qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of curcumin in HeLa and immortalized human skin keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT) (proliferation and apoptosis regulatory markers of the RAS/RAF signaling pathway). MTT analysis was performed, showing HeLa and HaCaT cell proliferation depending on the dose and duration of curcumin and doxorubicin. A wound scratch healing assay was applied to examine cell migration and invasion of HeLa after curcumin application. To determine the role of curcumin and doxorubicin in the apoptosis of HeLa cells, the mRNA levels of caspase-3 were examined by qRT-PCR. The results were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA SPSS 20.0 program. Results. CUR (IC50: 242.8 mu M) and DOX (IC50: 92.1 mu M) were determined to have the ability to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells and induce apoptosis over a 72-hour period and dose- dependently. Moreover, the results revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of RAF and RAS in HeLa cells were downregulated by CUR and DOX. Conclusions. The findings show that an alternative treatment method for cervical cancer can be developed with the application of CUR and DOX. Alternative methods for cervical cancer treatment may be developed using different methods in future studies.
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    Modulation of FOXP3 Gene Expression in OVCAR3 Cells Following Rosmarinic Acid and Doxorubicin Exposure
    (Mdpi, 2024) Toprak, Veysel; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Ozturk, Samil; Yanar, Orhan; Kizildemir, Yusuf Ziya; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi
    Background/Objectives: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate in the world. Treatment methods are listed as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, depending on the stage of cancer, but developing resistance to chemotherapy increases the need for alternative agents that act on the same pathways. The effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) and doxorubicin (DX) on the activation of FOXP3, an important tumor suppressor gene, in OVCAR3 cells were examined. Materials and Methods: In this study, a human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line was used. MTT analysis was performed to reveal the result of RA and DX on ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Expression levels of FOXP3 for cell proliferation and Capase-3 for apoptosis were determined by RT-qPCR. The wound healing model was applied to determine cell migration rates. The results were evaluated with one-way ANOVA in an SPSS 20.0 program as p <= 0.05. Results: It was determined that RA and DX alone and in combination inhibited the proliferation of OVCAR3 cells in different doses for 24, 48, and 72 h, and caused the cells to die by causing them to undergo apoptosis. Caspase-3 expression increased approximately tenfold in OVCAR3 cells, while FOXP3 expression was upregulated only in RA treatment and was downregulated in DX and RA + DX treatments. Conclusions: According to the results of our study, it was determined that the FOXP3 signaling pathway related to apoptosis, and proliferation was affected by the combination treatment of RA and DX in the OVCAR3 cancer cell line. This shows that RA will gain an important place in cancer treatment with more comprehensive study.
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    Oxidative stress markers in liver in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats: effects of metformin and sitagliptin
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2020) Cakina, Suat; Ozturk, Samil
    Purpose: This study aims at investigating the oxidative stress effect of antidiabetic drugs of Metformin (MET) and sitagliptin (STG) in the liver tissue of diabetic rats from streptozotocin (STZ). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five female Wistar rats (3-4 months old, weighing 200 +/- 25 g) were divided into five groups (with seven rats each) and treated as follows: control (Cont), streptozotocin alone (STZ), streptozotocin + metformin (STZ+MET), streptozotocin + sitagliptin (STZ+STG), streptozotocin + metformin + sitagliptin (STZ+MET+STG). Sitagliptin, Metformin, and combined metformin sitagliptin treated subgroups for four weeks. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) ratio were measured in rat liver tissue. Besides, cells undergoing apoptotic cell death were determined using the TUNEL technique through histopathological evaluation. Results: MDA, TAS, and OSI of STZ+MET+STG administered group decreased compared to STZ. TOS of STZ+MET+STG administered group decreased compared to STZ. Conclusion: In the experimental T2D model in rats, it shows protective effect when sitagliptin is used with metformin against oxidative damage in liver tissue caused by STZ.
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    Protective effect of Spirulina in the ovary of rats against Doxorubicin toxicity
    (Univ Zulia, Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Ozturk, Samil; Irkin, Latife Ceyda
    Doxorubicin (Dox) is an anti-cancer agent used of ovarian, breast, liver, lung cancers and solid tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma treatment. However, since it is an antineoplastic agent with a high toxic effect, it causes toxicity on many organs and tissues in the organism. Spirulina spp. (SP) contains phytopigments such as beta- carotene, tocopherols and xanthophylls and is a natural source of vitamin A as well as its anticarcinogenic effect. For these reasons, this study was planned to experimentally reveal the antioxidant and protective effects of SP on Dox-induced reproductive toxicity in female rats. In the study, histopathological evaluation was performed after Hematoxylin-Eosin staining in female rats with Dox toxicity. The distribution of GSK-3 beta for cell proliferation, HIF-1 alpha for oxidative stress and VEGF for vascularization were evaluated. TUNEL staining was performed to determine apoptosis. It was determined that SP prevented tissue damage on the ovarian tissue of rats with Dox toxicity, and this positive effect was achieved through factors such as oxidative stress (HIF-1 alpha), vascularization (VEGF) and inhibition of cell death (Apoptosis). It has been observed that SP treatment to be applied after chemotherapy is effective in protecting both the developing follicles and the primordial follicle pool.
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    Protective Effects of Curcumin and Resveratrol on Kidney Tissue on Cadmiuminduced Oxidative Stress in Rats
    (Galenos Publ House, 2024) Cakina, Suat; Irkin, Latife Ceyda; Ozturk, Samil
    Objective: Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known widespread environmental pollutant and is not rapidly excreted by the kidneys; instead, it accumulates and causes kidney damage. This study aimed to compare the effects of antioxidant curcumin and resveratrol on antioxidant defense in Cd-induced rat kidney tissue. Methods: In the study, 36 (200-250 gr) Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 (n=6) groups. Group 1: control; group 2: CdCl2; group 3: curcumin; group 4: CdCl2 + curcumin; group 5: resveratrol; group 6: CdCl2 + resveratrol. At the end of the experiment, malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) activities were measured in kidney tissues. Results: In the CdCl2-treated group, oxidative stress index (OSI), TOC, and MDA levels increased compared with the control group, and TAC values decreased (p<0.05). In the case of resveratrol or curcumin administered with Cd, TAC levels increased, MDA levels, and OSI values decreased compared with the group administered only Cd (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both resveratrol and curcumin may have protective effects in the kidneys against CdCl2-induced oxidative damage.
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    Thymoquinone Enhances Doxorubicin Efficacy via RAS/RAF Pathway Modulation in Ovarian Adenocarcinoma
    (MDPI, 2025) Toprak, Veysel; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Ozturk, Samil; Yanar, Orhan; Kizildemir, Yusuf Ziya; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi
    Background/Objectives: Ovarian cancer remains one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies among women worldwide. The heterogeneity among tumor subtypes and the emergence of treatment resistance have raised significant concerns regarding the long-term efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. In response to these challenges, drug repurposing strategies-utilizing existing drugs in novel therapeutic contexts-have gained increasing attention. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the combined application of doxorubicin (DX) and thymoquinone (TQ) on ovarian adenocarcinoma cells (OVCAR3). Methods: OVCAR3 cells were cultured in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using the MTT assay following treatment with various concentrations of DX and TQ. NucBlue immunofluorescence staining was employed to examine nuclear morphology and to identify apoptosis-associated changes. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was per-formed to evaluate the expression levels of apoptosis-related and oncogenic pathway genes, including RAF, RAS, Bcl-2, and Bax. Results: The results demonstrated that the combination of DX and TQ significantly reduced OVCAR3 cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. qRT-PCR analysis revealed a downregulation of RAS, RAF, and Bcl-2 expression, along with an upregulation of Bax, indicating activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. These findings suggest that thymoquinone exerts an-ti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects by modulating the RAS/RAF signaling cascade. Furthermore, the co-administration of thymoquinone with doxorubicin potentiated these effects, suggesting a synergistic interaction between the two agents. Conclusions: Histopathological and molecular evaluations further confirmed the activation of apoptosis and the suppression of key oncogenic pathways. Collectively, these results underscore the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone as both a monotherapy and an adjuvant to conventional chemotherapy, warranting further validation in preclinical and clinical studies.