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Öğe Determination of some biological parameters of Capsodes infuscatus Brulle on summer asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus Brot.) in pastures of Canakkale Province(Wiley, 2020) Ozpinar, Ali; Yazmis, Efecan; Ali, Baboo; Sahin, Ali KursatThis study has been carried out in the years of 2016-2017 to determine biological parameters of Capsodes infuscatus Brulle (Hemiptera: Miridae) on asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus Broth.) in the pastures of Canakkale, Turkey. In order to determine the population fluctuation of C. infuscatus, counting was done twice in a week on leaves, stems and flowers of plants in two different locations in the pasture. It was determined that the C. infuscatus aestivates in dried asphodel stalks as eggs. The first nymphal stages can be seen at the end of February, while adult population ends at the end of May. It was observed that both the nymphal and adult stages of C. infuscatus were feeding together on A. aestivus from March to May. In 2016, an average of 7.86%, 57.26%, 8.72% and 34.12% C. infuscatus individuals were recorded on plant, leaves, stems and flowers, respectively. In 2017, an average of 22.08%, 67.5%, 15.0% and 17.56% C. infuscatus individuals were recorded on plant, leaves, stems and flowers, respectively. The mortality rates of C. infuscatus nymphal stages were 94.76% in grazing area and 95.77% in non-grazing area. We concluded that C. infuscatus has potential for the biological control of A. aestivus.Öğe Determination of Some Biological Parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) on Cotton in Manisa Province(Univ Namik Kemal, 2020) Memis, Samet; Ozpinar, AliThe study was conducted on the cotton fields of Sehzadeler district in Manisa province with the purpose of determining some biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) in 2018 and 2019. In both years, 5 different experimental parcels were selected to represent the cotton fields of Sehzadeler district. In 2018, cotton was sowed in 14th - 21st of April, one chemical control was applied against Aphis gossypii, Empoasca spp, and Tetranychus urticae. In 2019, cotton was sowed in 25-27 April with two different cultivars (Carisma and BA 440). A total of 7 insecticides applications were made with 5 times against A. gossypii, Empoasca spp, and Bemisia tabaci, two times against H. armigera. Adult population development of H. armigera was followed with delta and funnel traps. Samplings were made once a week, the number of adults were recorded and the number of H. armigera eggs and larvae and eggs of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) were counted on 3 different points on 3 m plant lines in all parcels. In the first year, a total of 16 adults were captured with 2 from Karaagacli, 1 from Selimsahlar, 2 from Yenimahmudiye, 10 from Mutevelli and 1 from Veziroglu. Because of the low population density of adults, the data were not evaluated. In 2019, adult flight of H. armigera has started at the first week of July on all parcels and two peak points, in the middle of August and at the end of September, were recorded. Adult flight has continued until the harvest date (19.10.2019). A total of 434 adults were captured on all traps with 101 from Karaagacli, 83 from Selimsahlar, 55 from Yenimahmudiye, 77 from Mutevelli and 118 from Veziroglu throughout the sampling period. The highest number of H. armigera adults captured per parcel was on Karagacli and Veziroglu, which was sowed with BA 440 cultivar. On the other hand, the number of H. armigera adults captured were higher in funnel traps than delta traps in all parcels. Number of C. carnea eggs were higher than other predators on 3 m plant lines, even with 2 insecticide applications against H. armigera and other pests. A parallel trend was observed between the egg and larval population of H. armigera and the number of C. carnea eggs.Öğe Determination of the Relationship Between Orobanche ramosa L. and Phytomyza orobanchia Kaltenbach, (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on Tomato Areas of Canakkale Province(Univ Namik Kemal, 2017) Ozpinar, Ali; Polat, Burak; Sahin, Ali Kursat; Ozpinar, SakineThis study was conducted to determine the infestation rate of broomrape (Orobanche ramose) and population density of its natural enemy Phytomyza orobanchia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in tomato production areas of Canakkale province, in 2013-2014 years. It is determined that 58% of tomato production areas of Canakkale is infested with broomrape and P. orobanchia was acquired from 1-13,6% of this areas. The relationship between broomrape plant density and P. orobanchia was investigated in 10 different tomato parcels with different tomato cultivars. It is determined that, broomrape plants were observed after July 4th and P. orobanchia were acquired from plant samples after August 15th. Adult emergence has continued throughout September, until the end of harvest season. The highest number of P. orobanchia adults was observed from Rio Grande cultivar, which was sowed in May 25th.Öğe Maize growth and development as affected by tillage systems under mediterranean conditions(Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 2013) Ozpinar, Ali; Ozpinar, SakineConservation tillage has proven to be very effective in reducing runoff and in increasing soil water storage. In semi-arid cropping situations, the later fact should result in a greater yield potential for conservation than for conventional tillage. The objective this study was to determine the influence of tillage on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions in the western Turkey. The experiment was conducted from 2005 through 2009 on a clay loam soil under shallow rototiller, chisel and mouldboard plough tillage systems. Results indicated that root biomass was higher in rototiller than in plough and chisel. Rototiller also provided higher plant biomass in all days after planting in three of the five years. The highest root dry matter by soil depth found at the 0 to 10 cm compared with the 10 to 20 cm and the 20 to 30 cm for all study years in three tillage systems. Rototiller also increased the plant height during the early part of the growing season when compared with plough and chisel, with the exception of the last part of the growing season that they showed similar. On the other hand, the highest root dry matter by soil depth found at the 0 to 10 cm compared with the 10 to 20 cm and the 20 to 30 cm for all study years in three tillage systems. Considering the tillage systems, the lowest root dry matter was found in plough, especially in 2008 of the 20 to 30 cm depth when compared with rototiller and chisel. Grain yield was also found higher in rototiller than in plough and chisel in two of the five years. © 2013 Czech University of Life Sciences Prague.Öğe MAIZE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AS AFFECTED BY TILLAGE SYSTEMS UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS(Czech University Life Sciences Prague, 2013) Ozpinar, Ali; Ozpinar, SakineConservation tillage has proven to be very effective in reducing runoff, and in increasing soil water storage. In semi-arid cropping situations, the later fact should result in a greater yield potential for conservation than for conventional tillage. The objective this study was to determine the influence of tillage on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions in the western Turkey. The experiment was conducted from 2005 through 2009 on a clay loam soil under shallow rototiller, chisel and mouldboard plough tillage systems. Results indicated that root biomass was higher in rototiller than in plough and chisel. Rototiller also provided higher plant biomass in all days after planting in three of the five years. The highest root dry matter by soil depth found at the 0 to 10 cm compared with the 10 to 20 cm and the 20 to 30 cm for all study years in three tillage systems. Rototiller also increased the plant height during the early part of the growing season when compared with plough and chisel, with the exception of the last part of the growing season that they showed similar. On the other hand, the highest root dry matter by soil depth found at the 0 to 10 cm compared with the 10 to 20 cm and the 20 to 30 cm for all study years in three tillage systems. Considering the tillage systems, the lowest root dry matter was found in plough, especially in 2008 of the 20 to 30 cm depth when compared with rototiller and chisel. Grain yield was also found higher in rototiller than in plough and chisel in two of the five years..Öğe Population dynamics of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the region of Edremit Gulf in West Anatolia (Mount Ida)(Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomology, 2018) Ozpinar, Ali; Sahin, Ali Kursat; Polat, BurakThis study reports seasonal presence of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Southeast Turkey, in 2008, 2009 and 2010. Samples were collected from crops in agricultural areas at altitudes of 10 m, 800 m and 1400 m from stands of wild herbaceous plants , and at 1750 m from stone debris fields. First C. septempunctata adults were collected at the beginning of June at Tentcamp (800 m) and Tozlu (1400 m), early in July at Sarikiz (1700 m) when the mean air temperature reached 30 degrees C. Adults became active in spring, after aestivating around Sarikiz and overwintering there under snow. First adults emerged on 2nd April in 2009 around Edremit Gulf when mean air temperature reached 14.8 degrees C. Adult and immature stages of C. septempunctata were recorded attacking aphid populations till the end of June. C. septempunctata was present there for only one period each year during which they completed one generation. Adult individuals of this generation returned to Mount Ida to aestivate. Maximum numbers of adults present on Mount Ida in the first week of August in 2009 and 2010 were recorded. C. septempunctata adults aestivate and overwinter at Sarikiz on Mount Ida after completing their development on aphids in April, May and June around Edremit Gulf.Öğe Rainfed wheat energy balance of different tillage systems in western Turkey(Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 2013) Ozpinar, Sakine; Ozpinar, AliData from a field experiment conducted in western Turkey over 3-year period (2001-2004) were used to determine the energy balance of continuous winter wheat as affected by three tillage systems under rainfed conditions in Mediterranean climate. Tillage systems included mouldboard plough, rototiller and tandem disk. As inputs, the factors supplied and controlled by farmers were considered. The energy balance was assessed by comparing the variables: net energy output (energy output minus energy input), energy output/input ratio, and energy productivity (wheat grain yield per unit energy input). According to 3-year mean, the grain yield ranking from the highest to the lowest was rototiller>disk> plough, indicating that grain yield increased as tillage decreased. The total energy inputs were 1.8 and 1.1 times greater in rototiller than in disk and plough, respectively. Rototiller required higher energy input for energy used in production of rototiller than disk (46.53% less) and plough (6.93% less). Energy output was highest in rototiller. Hence, the highest net energy was found in rototiller (26%) than in plough and disk while the difference between both was less. Output/input ratio and energy productivity was higher in disk than in plough and rototiller. This indicates that, in terms of energy efficiency, the viability of rototiller (low-input field practises, high yields and net energy) under rainfed conditions, compared to plough requiring high-input field practices (low yields and net energy), would appear more recommendable. In addition, both rototiller and disk systems improve the energy efficiency of wheat production compared with plough. © 2013 Czech University of Life Sciences Prague.Öğe RAINFED WHEAT ENERGY BALANCE OF DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN WESTERN TURKEY(Czech University Life Sciences Prague, 2013) Ozpinar, Sakine; Ozpinar, AliData from a field experiment conducted in western Turkey over 3-year period (2001-2004) were used to determine the energy balance of continuous winter wheat as affected by three tillage systems under rainfed conditions in Mediterranean climate. Tillage systems included mouldboard plough, rototiller and tandem disk As inputs, the factors supplied and controlled by farmers were considered The energy balance was assessed by comparing the variables: net energy output (energy output minus energy input), energy output/input ratio, and energy productivity (wheat grain yield per unit energy input). According to 3-year mean, the grain yield ranking from the highest to the lowest was rototiller>disk>plough, indicating that grain yield increased as tillage decreased The total energy inputs were 1.8 and 1.1 times greater in rototiller than in disk and plough, respectively. Rototiller required higher energy input for energy used in production of rototiller than disk (46.53% less) and plough (6.93% less). Energy output was highest in rototiller. Hence, the highest net energy was found in rototiller (26%) than in plough and disk while the difference between both was less. Output/input ratio and energy productivity was higher in disk than in plough and rototiller. This indicates that, in terms of energy efficiency, the viability of rototiller (low-input field practises, high yields and net energy) under rainfed conditions, compared to plough requiring high-input field practices (low yields and net energy), would appear more recommendable. In addition, both rototiller and disk systems improve the energy efficiency of wheat production compared with plough.Öğe Soil management effect on soil properties in traditional and mechanized vineyards under a semiarid Mediterranean environment(Elsevier, 2018) Ozpinar, Sakine; Ozpinar, Ali; Cay, AnilThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term tillage on soil bulk density (BD), penetration resistance (PR), soil temperature (ST), electrical conductivity (EC), pH and oxygen diffusion rate (ODR) in both the topsoil and subsoil of vineyards in an area with the same soil type in Bozcaada. Mechanized tillage practices consisting of using tractor-driven rotary tiller (TDR) and field cultivator (TDC) were tested against hand driven rotary tiller (HDR) in two vineyards (wired-wide row spacing) for two growing periods. These practices involved mechanical weeding by frequent tilling and cultivating in late winter and early spring, and rotary-tilling in early summer in rainfed vineyard soils. The BD was sampled six times in two years of growing period for each tillage at 20 cm intervals between 0-60 cm in two row positions (between and in-row) while PR, ST and ODR were at the same depths of BD in the second growing period. BD in both TDR and HDR showed similarity in terms of soil depths and row positions in two growing periods, but it is lower in TDC. The highest values of the PR (1.65-2.61 MPa) were found below the depth of tilling (20 cm) regardless of tillage systems. PR was higher under HDR at subsoil in between-row than in in-row compared to TDR and TDC. However, TDC had the lowest PR in both between and in-row, especially at the subsoil, compared to HDR and TDR. The differences in BD and PR with respect to row position and soil depth were more pronounced in both TDR and HDR than in TDC. ODR was higher at topsoil than subsoil in both row positions for three tillage systems, but the highest ODR was in TDC throughout the soil profile.Öğe Studies of selected biological parameters of tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under natural conditions(Springer, 2016) Polat, Burak; Ozpinar, Ali; Sahin, Ali KursatThis study was conducted in summer-winter 2012 to determine the longevity, fecundity and developmental period of each stage of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under natural conditions in Canakkale province, Turkey. During the tomato growing season, T. absoluta completed 5 generations. The generation time changed according to temperature. Longevity was recorded as 3.37-6.14 days in males and 7.7-9.75 days in females. The fecundity was 75.5-138.4 eggs. Developmental period of the eggs ranged between 3.72 and 10.54 days. The larval developmental period was 12.82-26.7 days and the pupal developmental period ranged from 7.52 to 20.62 days. The total number of eggs per female for each generation varied between 31 and 186 and the females laid 68-72% of their eggs in the first five days. Degree days per generation changed between 461.02 DD and 470.94 DD. Biological properties of the pest changed in each generation. In this study, the biological parameters of T. absoluta were determined and this data can be used as an important step towards developing successful Integrated Pest Management strategies.Öğe Tillage effects on soil properties and maize productivity in western Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Ozpinar, Sakine; Ozpinar, AliInformation regarding the evaluation of long-term tillage effects on soil properties and summer maize growth after winter vetch in western Turkey is not available. Therefore, this study was conducted for 5years with three types of tillage including conventional (mouldboard plough) and conservation (rototiller and chisel). Results indicated that tillage had no significant effect on penetration resistance, except at the bottom of 20cm soil depth where it was higher in mouldboard plough than in rototiller and chisel. Bulk density in the topsoil of 10cm decreased with the degree of soil manipulation during tillage practices. Rototiller caused significantly higher root, leaf and stems biomass and plant height than the other systems. The root dry weight was higher in the topsoil of 10cm than at the bottom of this soil depth for all systems. The highest root dry weight was found in fourth year of chisel, but the lowest was recorded in the same year of plough, especially at the bottom of 20cm due to higher penetration. Rototiller improved soil properties and maize growth compared to other systems in 2 of 5years. We concluded that using rototiller for maize after winter vetch will be more effective compared with other systems.
