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    Öğe
    Are Small Adrenal Incidentalomas Solely a Radiological Finding?
    (Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag Medizinverlage Heidelberg Gmbh, 2015) Eroglu, M.; Erbag, G.; Turkon, H.; Binnetoglu, E.; Ozkul, F.; Gunes, F.; Sen, H.
    Objective: The criterium defining the threshold size of adrenal incidentaloma (AI) is a size greater than 1cm diameter. However, data concerning AI1cm in diameter is scant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the function of adrenal masses1cm and to compare them with adrenal masses>1cm. Materials and Methods: The study included 130 consecutive patients with AI (38 and 92 AI at 1cm and >1cm, respectively). The patients were evaluated according to demographic and hormonal characteristics. Results: The prevalence of SCS was 5.3 and 12% in AI1cm and >1cm diameter, respectively. Hyperaldosteronism was found only in patients with >1cm AI. Pheochromocytoma were not found in either group. Patients with >1cm AI had a higher prevalence of SCS and primary hyperaldosteronism than patients with 1cm AI, but the difference was not significant. The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension was high both in non-functional AI with 1cm and >1cm patients and showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Our study is the first to focus on the clinical and hormonal characteristics of patients with 1cm AI. Those with AI1cm harboured SCS, as was the case for AI>1cm. Similar to AI>1cm, non-functional AI1cm also had a higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension.
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    Öğe
    Effects of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) nodule depth on pain score
    (Springer London Ltd, 2016) Toman, H.; Ozkul, F.; Erbag, G.; Erbas, M.; Simsek, T.; Adam, G.; Arik, M. K.
    Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the thyroid is generally a well-tolerated procedure associated with weak levels of pain. However, pain may be very intense in some patients. The cause for the pain in these patients has not been identified. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a likely relationship between pain level and nodule depth during FNAB. Included in the study were 98 patients with euthyroid nodular goiter who underwent FNAB. When ultrasound guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed findings such as the distance of the nodule to the skin, the size of the nodule, visual analogue scale (VAS) score values were recorded. The distance of nodule to skin and nodule size was measured, respectively, as 10.7 +/- 2.8 mm and 21.7 +/- 8.6 mm. Mean VAS score was 36 +/- 16. FNAB-related pain was correlated with the nodule depth (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, we also found that high VAS score class was effected by only nodule depth (B = -1.619; OR 1.287; CI 1.057-1.565, p < 0.05). Our results show that pain increased significantly during FNAB in patients who had more deeply situated nodules. Local anesthetic methods may be recommended for these patients.