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Öğe Ambient air quality and asthma cases in Nigde, Turkey(Springer Heidelberg, 2013) Kara, Ertan; Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Kara, Emine ErmanUrban air quality is one of the key factors affecting human health. Turkey has transformed itself into an urban society over the last 30 years. At the same time, air pollution has become a serious impairment to health in many urban areas in the country. This is due to many reasons. In this study, a nonparametric evaluation was conducted of health effects that are triggered by urban air pollution. Nigde, the city which is the administrative centre of Nigde province was chosen of the effects of air pollution since, like many central Turkish cities, it is situated on a valley where atmospheric inversion occurs. In this paper, the relationship between ambient urban air quality, namely PM10 and sulphur dioxide (SO2), and human health, specifically asthma, during the winter season is examined. Air pollution data and asthma cases from 2006 to 2010 are covered in this study. The results of our study indicate that total asthma cases reported in Nigde between 2008 and 2010 were highly dependent on ambient SO2 concentration. More asthma cases were recorded when 30 mu g m(-3) or higher SO2 was present in the ambient air than those recorded under cleaner ambient air conditions. Moreover, it was determined that in Nigde in 2010, asthma cases reported in males aged between 45 and 64 were closely correlated with ambient SO2 (alpha = 0.05).Öğe Ambient Air Quality and Respiratory Problems in Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2009) Kavakli, Mustafa; Ozdilek, Hasan GokselRapid development in Turkey, especially over the last 25 years, has provided better living standards for its residents, yet the quality of the environment has not been taken into account seriously. Air pollution monitoring in many centres has been into operation since early 1990's in Turkey. 50 Province center are known to have impaired outdoor air quality in the country. On the contrary, some cities have transformed their residential heating system by relying on imported natural gas, while some others have relatively better air due to their year-round warmer temperatures. In this study, the number of cases of upper respiratory sickness, sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis and pharyngitis, together with various some factors, namely outdoor air sulphur dioxide, vehicle density, wind rate and mean ambient air temperature and population density were investigated by multi regression to establish whether they were linked or not. It was determined that population density is the most important factor in the cases of the examined health problems.Öğe Assessment of sea water quality around sunken MV Ulla ship on Iskenderun Bay, Hatay, Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2007) Sangun, Mustafa Kemal; Ozdilek, Hasan GokselMV Ulla, which was a cargo marine vessel loaded with fly ash, ended its forced voyage at Iskenderun Port on February 20, 2000. The ship was abandoned there for 4(1)/(2) years. Finally, the vessel sunk on September 6, 2004. The load was removed from the vessel in order to comply with related regulations in summer 2005. This paper investigates the sea level metal levels between September 2004 and September 2005. It was found that total chromium during fly ash removal did not pass the upper limit of hazardous waste. limits. Furthermore, total suspended solids decreased in recovery ship tanks as a function of time during the recovery process of load.Öğe Determination of groundwater quality in Hatay Province, Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2007) Sangun, Mustafa Kemal; Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Odemis, BerkantIn this study, groundwater quality of Amik Plain and its surrounding areas is illustrated. A total of 59 groundwater wells located throughout Hatay Province were examined in this study. It was found that the water quality of wells is to a certain extent good for irrigational use; on the other hand, some wells, situated downstream Asi River after Antakya (Hatay Province center), have relatively low water quality even for irrigational use.Öğe Determination of soil and water contamination around an industrialized town, Kazanli, Mersin, Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2007) Sangun, Mustafa Kemal; Ozdilek, Hasan GokselIn this study, concentrations of selected metals, namely chromium and nickel, in groundwater and soil were investigated. it was found that extensive chromium and nickel levels in soil that had been used for building materials and this could probably impair public and environmental health, such as in sea turtles, in the area. Toxicological risk assessment from water quality criteria indicated that aquatic toxicity from both acute and chronic nickel and chromium does not exceed estimated ecotoxicology levels.Öğe Distribution of heavy metals in vegetation surrounding the Blackstone River, USA: Considerations regarding sediment contamination and long term metals transport in freshwater riverine ecosystems(Triveni Enterprises, 2007) Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Mathisen, Paul P.; Pellegrino, DonThe Blackstone River, a 74 km interstate stream located in South Central Massachusetts and Rhode Island (USA), has had a long history of problems due to high concentrations of metals such as copper and lead, The river has been subjected to metals load that include contributions from urban runoff, wastewater discharges, contaminated sediments, and also resuspension of contaminated sediments in the river-bed. All of these effects lead to elevated concentrations of metals such as lead, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium and arsenic. Furthermore, the contaminated sediments located behind impoundments become especially important when higher flows cause resuspension of the previously deposited sediments and associated metals. While it is known that high metals concentrations in this river are found in the bottom sediments, the fate of the metals and impact on the ecosystem are not well known. This paper addresses the potential impacts that metals may have on vegetation and plant tissues in the vicinity of the river Plant tissues (primarily mosses), were collected from a number of sampling sites along a 14 km stretch of this river At each site, samples were collected from multiple distances from the riverbank. Laboratory analyses made use of both wet digestion and dry ashing digestion methods, followed by analysis using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer The wet and dry ashing digestion methods yielded similar results, although the results Worded by the dry ashing methods were slightly lower than the results obtained from the wet method. The results showed that the metals concentrations in vegetation (as determined from plant tissue analyses) were generally inversely related to the distance between the vegetation and the riverbank, with higher metals concentrations existing in plant tissues located close to the rivet-bank. In addition, it was found that the transport of meta's concentrations to the terrestrial vegetation adjacent to this section of the Blackstone River was affected by the river morphology and flow characteristics (including velocity flow rate and depth of flow, which can govern the potential for plant submergence, as well as the dynamics of flow and transport in the soil near the river). The analyses help to provide an improved understanding of metals transport and potential significance of metals contamination in a terrestrial ecosystem that is located adjacent to a riverÖğe Effect of kiln dust from a cement factory on growth of Vicia faba L.(Triveni Enterprises, 2012) Uysal, Ismet; Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Ozturk, MunirThis study was undertaken to study the effects of different amounts of kiln dust mixed with soil on the seed germination, plant growth, leaf area and water content of Vicia faba cv. Eresen. The reason for this was that cement kiln dust generated as a by-product from the cement factories is rich in potassium, sulfate and other compounds. This product becomes a serious problem when it comes in contact with water. The dust was collected from a cement factory located in Canakkale. Various elements such as Al, Co, Mo, Ca, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S. Se and Zn were determined both in soil as well as kiln dust. Kiln dust was mixed with soil in pots (20 cm diameter) to make seven different treatments varying from 15 to 1059 kiln dust kg(-1) of soil. The experiment lasted for 4 months. Seeds of V faba were sown in the pots filled with mixtures of preanalysed kiln dust and soil. Germination was high in the pots with a lower treatment of cement kiln dust. However, lower germination rates were observed in the pots mixed with the highest and the medium amounts of cement kiln dust. Plants growing in the soil including 15 g kiln dust showed better performance in length as compared to control. Leaf area increased with increase in cement kiln dust content up to 609 kiln dust kg(-1) of soil, but declined after 75 g kg(-1). Water content of leaves (mg cm(-2) leaf area) was found to be constantly decreasing with respect to increasing cement kiln content in the pots. Differences between the averages were evaluated by Tukey test and results were found to be significant.Öğe Impact of corrosive trace elements on sea turtle eggs during embryonic growth(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2007) Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Yalçın Özdilek, ŞükranIn the present work, the authors have tried to define harmful elements in the sand that cause unsuccessful hatchlings. These elements are most probably in the untreated domestic wastewater that is discharged by tanker trucks nearby densely nested locations.Öğe Monitoring surface water quality of Asi river during the 2006 Muslim Sacrifice Holiday(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2007) Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Sangun, Mustafa KemalIn 2006, the last 90 kin of the river (Turkish part only) is studied in terms of water quality during the Sacrifice Holiday that was observed on January 10-14. With respect to time, trace metal concentrations, in general, were found to decline but an increase in metal flux due to rise in river flow occurred.Öğe Possible influence of beach sand characteristics on green turtle nesting activity on Samandag Beach, Turkey(Coastal Education & Research Foundation, 2007) Yalcin-Ozdilek, Suekran; Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Ozaner, F. SancarPhysical characteristics such as sand grain size and humidity were determined and the relation between the examined parameters and nesting success, nest density, and hatchling success of green turtles on Samandag Beach, Hatay, Turkey were investigated in this study. Coarse sand and low humidity at the river site and fine sand and high humidity at distances perpendicular to the river mouth were determined. The wind speed and direction toward land on the beach are important factors forming grain structure on Samandag Beach. The mean particle size, about 350 mu m, at nesting locations (N) of green turtles is smaller than that at nonnesting areas (NT and T). Nesting sites have the lowest uniformity coefficients (C-u = 2.78) on the surface than in no-nest no-track sites (C-u = 3.48) and in only-track sites (C-u = 3.5) on the surface. A negative correlation exists between sand moisture and nesting success with respect to increasing distance from Cevlik Harbor for Chelonia mydas. The hatchling success of C. mydas was found to be significantly affected by sand moisture. When sand moisture is above 8%, hatchling success become too low or no successful hatching occurs.Öğe Potentiality of Some Agricultural Residues and Industrial Wastes As Manure(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2011) Kara, Emine Erman; Saltali, Kadir; Ozdilek, Hasan GokselComposting is one of the applied methods to organic waste disposal methods. In this study, some agricultural and industrial organic wastes of agricultural sector are composted, as different compositions, to see whether they are usable as agricultural aids. To this end, apple juice factory waste (AW), cigarette factory waste (TW), leather processing factory waste (LW), organic wastes, namely wheat stalk (WW) and corn stalk (CW) material are used as composted material. Indore method of composting process was adopted; seven different compositions prepared from the aforementioned organic wastes were prepared. Laboratory experiments were carried out in conditions according to a pattern of coincidence plot experiment that was carried out by three replications. Prepared at room temperature, the mixtures (20-25 degrees C) were left to decompose for six months. Compost mixtures were mixed carefully every 10 to 15 days. Finally after 6 months compost mixtures were found to be fully composted. Obtained 7 different composts, yield analysis were determined and the effects of these mixtures on soil when applied in certain proportions in previously unused pots and on oat plant (Avena sativa L.) which was cultivated were determined. Plants were allowed to grow for a period of 45 days and then they were harvested to determine their dry weight and N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn contents. Results of the statistical analysis in terms of variance analysis and Duncan test were obtained. According to the results; N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents of seven different compost mixtures were found to be between 4.03 and 9.24 g kg(-1); 0.09 and 0.92 g kg(-1); 10.0 and 24.2 and g kg(-1); 5.3 and 14.2 mg kg(-1); 1.50 and 2.80 mg kg-1; 6.20 and 12.3 mg kg(-1); 19.7 and 27.2 mg kg(-1), respectively. Electrical conductivity of seven different compost mixtures was measured between 1,750 and 11,100 mu mhos cm(-1); pH was found to be between 6.85 and 8.32 and C/N was detected to be between 8.9 and 28.2. Compared to the control, all seven compost mixtures were found to increase plant yield and this increase was found to be between 6% and 45%. Based on the results, all compost mixtures, especially three compost mixtures (since they gave statistically significant difference), were found to increase soil fertility as well as plant yield being as useful in agriculture.Öğe Streamflow-metal relationship in a highly urbanized river basin(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2007) Ozdilek, Hasan Goksel; Mathisen, Paul P.Although many water contaminants can be found in urban runoff, certain pollutants depending on site specific characteristics can be used as representative indicators. In this study, copper and lead were taken into account as metal contaminants. The Blackstone River, an interstate river with 74 kin length, was examined. Total lead concentration and both lead and copper loads in the river were found to be a function of flow rate. Lead concentration and load is highly depended upon streamflow than that of copper concentration. Furthermore, wet weather was found to be the main responsible factor of increasing total metal concentrations and loads in the river.Öğe The Effect of Nitrogenous Fertilizers on Methane Oxidation in Soil(Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-Fepr, 2010) Kara, Emine Erman; Ozdilek, Hasan GokselOne of the most prominent applications to increase agricultural yield is the application of nitrogenous fertilizers to the soil. The intermediate and final products of the mineralization/humidification include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) are released into the atmosphere while other final products are cycled into the soil upon completion of the related reactions that take place in soil. Released CO2, CH4, and N2O are the most notable factors responsible for global warming and are claimed to be remarkably serious When one accounts for all of the agricultural lands and other similar fields all around the globe. In the present study, the impact of NH4NO3 with 26% N, which consisted of 19% NH4-N (ammonium-N) and 7% NO3-N (nitrate-N), with and without nitrification inhibitor in the soil on CH4, CO2 and N2O gas emissions was monitored in a controlled laboratory environment as three parallel experiments. The amount of fertilizer applied to the soil layer was 90 kg N per hectare. The two treated soils and one control soil were incubated at 60% maximal water holding capacity at 25 degrees C during the test period of 18 days to investigate, (a) nitrogenous fertilizer (NH4NO3), (b) nitrogenous fertilizer phis nitrification inhibitor (NH4NO3 + N.I.), and finally (c) control for CH4, CO2, and N2O emissions. Gas compositions from the experimental soils were sampled at predetermined times in order to assess the CH4 release along with N2O and CO2 emissions. Analyses of the headspace on the 1(st), 2(nd), 4(th), 7(th), 10(th), 14(th) and 18(th) days were completed in order to evaluate gas concentrations. The overall results indicate that NH4NO3 fertilization and NH4NO3 with a nitrification inhibitor application causes a statistically significant decrease in CH4 emissions and an increase in CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. N2O emissions were found to be statistically different with the NH4NO3 application and control treatments. Yet, no significant change was observed in, the N2O concentrations with respect to nine, based oil the NH4NO3 with a nitrification inhibitor application compared to the control group.
