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    Associations between Personality Traits and the Quality of Sibling Relationships
    (Eğitim ve Davranış Bilimi Uluslararası Enstitüsü, 2018) Gözü, Hamide; Newman, Joan
    Sibling relationship is one of the longest relationships in human life and play a major role since some skills such as nurturance, caretaking, and meeting their own needs and those of other people around them (e.g. spouse, children, and parents) are fostered through sibling interaction. Several studies have been conducted among adults to identify the factors associated with sibling relationships. Despite its seeming importance, only a few researchers have focused on the role of personality type in sibling relationships. The current study examined whether Big-Five personality traits were associated with the quality of sibling relationships among young adults. Participants included 552 university students living in the United States of America (54% female and 46% male) aged 18 to 25 years. Participants completed the Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale and the Big Five Inventory. A series regression analyses revealed that all personality traits were significantly associated with the quality of sibling relationships after controlling participant’s gender and gender constellation. Of the personality traits, agreeableness was the strongest predictor of quality of sibling relationships. The current study’s strengths and limitations and the implications future research are discussed.
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    Maternal and Paternal Authority Styles and Developmental Outcomes: An Investigation of University Students in Turkey and the United States
    (Universitepark, 2020) Gozu, Hamide; Newman, Joan; Colvin, Kimberly
    Using data from undergraduates in both Turkey and the United States, we examined cultural differences in the perceived parenting authority styles and the links between perceived parenting authority styles, academic achievement, and self-esteem. We also examined the separate contributions of fathers and mothers in each country. A total of 423 undergraduates (196 from Turkey and 227 from the US) completed the Buri Parent Authority Questionnaire to report on the parenting styles of their parents. They also reported on their own college GPA and completed the Rosenberg self-esteem measure. Some adjustment of the parenting scales was needed in order to achieve cross-cultural measurement invariance. Our study revealed that there were differences of parental style both between and within the two countries. Fathers were reported to be more authoritarian than mothers, and mothers to be more authoritative. Higher levels of authoritarian parenting by fathers was found in the American data. Some parental authority measures were associated with the students' self-esteem, and all of these involved paternal authority. Paternal authoritarian parenting was negatively associated with the students' self-esteem in the Turkish data, with paternal authoritative parenting positively associated with the self-esteem of the American students only. The study's findings suggest that researchers should not ignore differences in parental authority style between mothers and fathers, nor differences between different countries. In particular, the role of fathers should not be overlooked. Copyright © 2020 by ÜNIVERSITEPARK.
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    Parental Differential Treatment of Siblings and Fairness Perception: Moderating Role of Personality
    (Springer, 2020) Gozu, Hamide; Newman, Joan
    Family harmony is likely to be challenged if children perceive that their parents do not treat them and their siblings fairly. The direction of parental favor is related to an individual's perception of fairness but does not fully explain it. The current study investigated whether personality traits moderated the relationship between parental differential treatment and fairness perception. A total of 762 undergraduates (aged between 18 and 25) completed the Big Five Inventory and nominated a 'target sibling' whom they considered as they completed the Sibling Inventory of Differential Experience and rated the fairness of parenting. Regression analyses showed that slightly more affection towards the participant and slightly more control over the target sibling were evaluated as most fair, whereas extremely unequal parental treatment (regardless of who was favored) was evaluated as very unfair. Of the Big Five personality traits, agreeableness, extraversion, and openness moderated the fairness perception of parental differential affection but not parental differential control. Favored individuals who were highly agreeable and open to novelty were less likely to rate affection preference as fair than favored individuals who were of low agreeableness and low openness. Also, individuals high on extraversion rated both extreme parental favor and disfavor as less fair than individuals who were low on extraversion. The current study highlights the importance of personality in the fairness perception of parental differential treatment. Implications for parents and family practitioners are provided.