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    Nondestructive Olive Quality Detection Using FT-NIR Spectroscopy in Reflectance Mode
    (Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2009) Kavdir, I.; Buyukcan, M. B.; Kocabiyik, H.; Lu, R.; Seker, M.
    Quality features including firmness, oil content, and color (chroma, hue) of two olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties ('Ayvalik' and 'Gemlik') were predicted using FT-NIR spectroscopy. Reflectance measurements of intact olives were performed using a bifurcated fiber optic probe. Measurements of firmness, oil content, and color values were done following the spectral measurements using standard methods. Calibration methods were developed using the partial least squares method. Good correlations were obtained in calibration and validation for Magness-Taylor (MT) maximum force, which was used as a measure of firmness, for both 'Ayvalik' and 'Gemlik' varieties; the coefficient of determination (R-2) for 'Gemlik' olives was 0.74 (SEC = 1.27) in calibration and 0.67 (SEP = 1.37) in validation. Better oil content prediction of olive fruits was obtained for the pooled data of 'Ayvalik' and 'Gemlik' varieties with the R-2 value of 0.64 (SEP = 0.05) in validation. Higher correlations were obtained for color predictions with R-2 = 0.88 and SEP = 12.9 for chroma and R-2 = 0.86 and SEP = 0.10 for hue for 'Gemlik'. Similar color prediction results were obtained for the 'Ayvalik' variety.
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    Öğe
    Visible and near-infrared spectroscopy for nondestructive quality assessment of pickling cucumbers
    (Elsevier, 2007) Kavdir, I.; Lu, R.; Ariana, D.; Ngouajio, A.
    This study was aimed at developing a nondestructive method for measuring the firmness, skin and flesh color, and dry matter content of pickling cucumbers by means of visible and near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy. 'Journey' and 'Vlaspik' pickling cucumbers were hand harvested and then stored at 10 degrees C and 95% relative humidity for various periods up to 18 days. Spectroscopic measurements were made from each intact cucumber in interactance mode with a low-cost CCD-based Vis/NIR spectrometer over 550-1100 nm and an InGaAs-based NIR spectrometer over 800-1650 run. Standard methods were used to measure skin and flesh color, firmness, and dry matter content of the pickling cucumbers. Calibration models were developed using the partial least squares method for predicting firmness, skin and flesh chroma and hue, and dry matter content. NIR measurements correlated well with Magness-Taylor slope or area, with values for the coefficient of determination (R-2) of 0.70-0.73 for calibration and 0.67-0.70 for validation, better than those obtained with the Vis/NTR spectrometer. Vis/NIR measurements had good correlations with skin chroma (R-2 = 0.89 and 0.83 for calibration and validation, respectively) and hue (R-2 = 0.76 for calibration and validation). Promising results were obtained in predicting dry matter content of the cucumbers with R-2 = 0.65 in validation for 'Journey' cucumbers. Visible and NIR spectroscopy is potentially useful for sorting and grading pickling cucumbers. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.