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    Being a physician: what messages have medical students received during the first month of medical school experience?
    (BMC, 2024) Korkmaz, Gunes; Toraman, Cetin; Tekin, Murat; Uysal, Ibrahim
    BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the meanings that first-year medical students make about becoming a physician from the messages they receive from the faculty environment, faculty members and senior students after their one-month experience at the faculty of medicine.MethodsIn this phenomenological qualitative research, in-depth semi-structured interview was used to collect data from 21 first-year medical students, and data were analyzed through inductive content analysis method.ResultsAs a result of the analysis, one theme and four categories emerged about gaining professional competencies, having emotions specific to the profession, having sources of motivation, and challenges of becoming a physician in the future. The results reveal that first-year medical students think being a physician will help them gain professional competences, motivate them as the job is prestigious, a guaranteed profession, provides a multidisciplinary working environment, and gives opportunity to serve society and keep people alive. On the other hand, the first-year medical students are aware of the fact that their future profession will bring some challenges such as having to deal with a lot of stress, long working hours, mobbing, and having to study hard all the time during their education.ConclusionsWe believe that the current study presents significant results and some useful knowledge regarding the first-year medical students' perception of their future career as a physician.
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    Reflective Thinking: A Bibliometric Analysis of Four Decades of Research and Insights for Future Studies
    (Necmettin Erbakan Univ, 2024) Korkmaz, Gunes; Toraman, Cetin
    Reflective thinking (RT) is one of the higher-order thinking skills which have been of great importance to the researchers from a variety of disciplines for years. Although the significance of RT has been discussed in many studies and many different forms, there are no bibliometric studies conducted on this topic. This study aims to examine the current state and development of research in RT based on the data available in the Web of Science (WoS). To do this, a bibliometric approach was adopted to map the research literature on RT using the metadata from the WoS between 1986 and 2023 in terms of the distribution of the articles by year of publication and average citation status, the most productive journals publishing on RT and number of RT-related citations, the most cited RT articles and authors, top countries in which the articles about RT were cited most, the authors who have produced the most articles on RT, their publications and corresponding author(s)' countries, and the trend of words associated with RT in the articles. Our main contribution is the quantitative methodological design for examining the evolution of reflective thinking research, which is highly multidisciplinary and covers a large volume of publications. We believe that this study provides a comprehensive review of the studies on RT and provides interesting insights about the development of the field for future research.
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    The relationship between ambulance team's professional commitment, occupational anxiety, and resilience levels
    (BMC, 2024) Uysal, Ibrahim; Korkmaz, Gunes; Toraman, Cetin
    Background Individuals who have the ability to bounce back from stressful events, to recover from their troubles and adverse environmental conditions by getting stronger each time are known as resilient people. Some professions may cause more occupational anxiety than others due to their characteristics and working conditions. In this research, we aimed to develop a professional commitment scale for the ambulance team. Another aim was to analyze the relationships between professional commitment, occupational anxiety, resilience, gender, job, seniority and working unit variables.Methods In the study, data were collected from a total of 1142 emergency ambulance workers working in Emergency Ambulance and Emergency Call Centers in 34 different cities in Turkey. Data were collected using the Professional Commitment of Ambulance Team Scale (PCATS), Occupational Anxiety Scale for Emergency Medical Service Professionals (OASEMSP), and Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA). Scale development analyses were carried out using Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). Regression analysis were used to examine the relationships between professional commitment, occupational anxiety, resilience, gender, job, seniority and working unit.Results As a result of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), it was determined that 8 items remaining in the professional commitment scale formed a single-factor structure, explaining 46% of the variance of professional commitment of the team. The Cronbach's Alpha reliability value was 0.867. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the results of exploratory factor analysis. The Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient obtained through CTT was 0.868, and the marginal reliability coefficient within the scope of IRT was 0.877. The test-retest reliability coefficient was calculated as 0.832, which indicates that the scale is valid and reliable.Conclusions The study revealed that resilience has a positive effect for professional commitment while occupational anxiety has a negative effect for professional commitment. In addition, having a moderate seniority has a negative (reducing) effect for professional commitment. Other variables (gender, job, and working unit) was found to have no significant impact on professional commitment.
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    What is the Meaning of School to High School Students? A Scale Development and Implementation Study Based on IRT and CTT
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2023) Toraman, Cetin; Korkmaz, Gunes
    Understanding education and schooling has always been of great importance for researchers and for the society in digital era. The changing conditions and ever-growing situations in education have also impacted on the meaning that the students attribute to schools, especially after the pandemic. This study aims to develop a measurement tool that will provide information about the meaning of school for high school students and make comparisons on the basis of some sociodemographic variables using this tool. About 6,453 students studying in various types of high schools participated in the research. The data were randomly divided into two data files. Exploratory factor analysis, Item response theory analysis, and reliability analyses (Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's omega) were performed to determine the construct validity of the scale from the first data file created with 1,940 high school students. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the structure from the second data file created by 1,898 high school students. From the total data file, analyses were conducted with students' gender, grades, school type, the field of study/major, mother and father's level of education, and family income. The results reveal that most of the students attribute a positive meaning to the school in condition that they are female and study in early grades. In addition, if they are not successful enough, if they were not provided quality education in science, if their parents' education level and family income is low, they have positive views about school.