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    Assessment of Genotype x Trait x Environment interactions of silage maize genotypes through GGE Biplot
    (Inst Investigaciones Agropecuarias, 2017) Kaplan, Mahmut; Kokten, Kagan; Akcura, Mevlut
    In yield experiments conducted at different environments, assessment of Genotype x Environment interactions for investigated traits is a quite significant issue for both agronomists and breeders. GGE biplot analysis was employed in this study to assess the Genotype x Trait, Environment x Trait and Trait Association x Environment of five different traits (silage yield [SY], stem diameter [SD], green leaf weight ratio [GLWR], green stem weight ratio [GSWR], green corn cob ratio [GCCR] and plant height [PH]) of 25 silage maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes grown in six environments. The biplot graphs created in this study to assess Genotype x Trait, Environment x Trait and Environment x Trait correlation interactions were able to explain respectively 86%, 92%, and 83% of total variation of experiments. Current findings revealed that the genotype G18 (Safak), with the greatest silage yield in Genotype Trait biplot (GT biplot) also had the greatest SD; DIY14 (DIYARBAKIR-2014) with the greatest distance from the origin over Environment Trait (ET-biplot) graph was the most distinctive environment; SD with the greatest vector length was the most distinctive trait; DIY14 and DIY15 environments were the best environments for PH, GSWR, SY and SD. It was concluded that GGE biplot method with different perspectives could reliably be used in assessment of silage characteristics of maize genotypes grown in different environments.
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    Evaluation of silage quality characteristics and nutritive value of oat genotypes
    (Springer, 2024) Kaplan, Mahmut; Akcura, Mevlut; Kardes, Yusuf Murat; Beyzi, Selma Buyukilic; Ciftci, Beyza; Kokten, Kagan
    This study aimed to determine the silage characteristics of oat lines developed through a rigorous 10-year selection process. During this period, 100 plants with high biomass yield were meticulously chosen from oat lines obtained from the Louisiana State University gene bank. Researchers designed experiments using an incomplete randomized block format across two growing seasons: 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Oat plants were carefully harvested at the milk stage, chopped into pieces using a specialized plant chopper, and ensiled in plastic vacuum bags for subsequent analysis. The samples were then stored at room temperature for a period of 60 days. The comprehensive analysis conducted over this two-year research period revealed significant variations in the silage yields of the genotypes, ranging from 5.71 to 24.42 t ha-1. Moreover, notable variations were observed in the content of crude ash (ranging from 3.952 to 9.380%), ADF (ranging from 27.899 to 40.782%), NDF (ranging from 40.688 to 63.999%), crude protein (ranging from 6.673 to 11.470%), dry matter (ranging from 14.954 to 41.817%), pH levels (ranging from 3.812 to 5.668), in vitro gas production (ranging from 49.793 to 67.847 ml), methane production (ranging from 15.036 to 18.442 ml), as well as concentrations of acetic acid (ranging from 0.000 to 0.144%), lactic acid (ranging from 1.974 to 2.599%), butyric acid (ranging from 0.000 to 0.064%), and propionic acid (ranging from 0.000 to 0.306%). The study clearly indicated that many oat lines showed promising silage properties. Consequently, it is inferred that the utilization of high-yield lines in silage production holds considerable potential in providing a valuable feed source for livestock.
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    Fatty acid and some micro element compositions of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotype seeds growing under Mediterranean climate
    (Elsevier, 2019) Akcura, Mevlut; Turan, Veysel; Kokten, Kagan; Kaplan, Mahmut
    Limited information is available on fatty acid and mineral composition of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotype seeds grown in Mediterranean climates including Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate seed composition of thirty cluster bean genotypes according to Genotype Trait (GT) biplot analysis. Genotype fatty acid biplot captured 77.6% and genotype micro element biplot captured 65.3% of variation. The results of the present study indicated that oleic acid ranged from 20.07 to 33.62%, linoleic acid ranged from 31.36 to 40.72% in all genotypes. Concentrations of the six micronutrient elements were considerably different in genotypes. Fe and Mn are the most commonly found elements in cluster bean genotypes. Our results depicted that G13 was the most favorable genotype according to fatty acid profile, while G4 and G10 had the highest Fe and Cu contents, and G6 was the most stable genotype according to micronutrient profiles.
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    GREEN HERBAGE YIELD ASSESSMENTS OF MAIZE CULTIVARS THROUGH GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS METHOD
    (Soc Field Crop Sci, 2017) Kokten, Kagan; Kaplan, Mahmut; Akcura, Mevlut
    The present study was conducted to assess green herbage yields of hybrid maize cultivars grown under different environments for two years. GGE biplot analysis method and regression coefficients were used to assess genotype x environment interaction and to identify the most stable cultivars for green herbage yield. Experiments were conducted in six different environments, green herbage yields in the environments varied between 6.0 t da(-1) (E5) and 10.4 t da(-1) (E1) and green herbage yield yields of the cultivars varied between 6.8 t da(-1) (G14) and 10.9 t da(-1) (G18). In GGE biplot analysis, the first two principle component (PC) axis explained about 82.45% of total variation. The genotypes with high PC1 and low PC2 values and regression coefficient of 1.0 were assessed as stable. The cultivar Safak (G18) with such values was identified as the most stable cultivar. The regression coefficient of 1.0 and the greatest green herbage yield proved the stability of that cultivar. The cultivars with higher PC1 and lower PC2 values [30B74 (G2), Seme Kukuruza 877 (G22), ADV 2898 (G24), Wayne (G17), and Safak (G18)] generally had higher green herbage yield than the general average. Safak (G18), 30B74 (G2), Seme Kukuruza 877 (G22), ADV 2898 (G24) and Wayne (G17) cultivars can be use green herbage yield production in south eastern Anatolia will allow the growers to have a profitable production.
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    Mineral concentrations of grain of bread wheat landraces originated from eastern Anatolia of Turkey
    (Mattioli 1885, 2018) Kokten, Kagan; Akcura, Mevlut
    The objectives of this research were to investigate the interrelationships among some mineral concentrations (Fe, Zn, B, Mn, Cu, Mo, K, Mg and Ca) in grain and to evaluate different eastern Anatolian bread landraces with application of the genotype x trait (GT) biplot methodology in visualizing research data. 69 bread wheat genotypes (67 pure lines and 2 cultivars). Fe, Zn, B, Mn, Cu, Mo, K, Mg and Ca contents of bread wheat genotypes changed at the levels between 32.54 and 51.25 mg kg(-1), 23.00 and 37.16 mg kg(-1), 6.62 and 14.67 mg kg(-1), 30.17 and 50.00 mg kg(-1), 4.04 and 6.88 mg kg(-1), 0.88 and 1.23 mg kg(-1), 2.19 and 5.62 g kg(-1),1.04 and 1.72 g kg(-1), and 0.37 and 0.55 g kg(-1), respectively. Among minerals, B, Zn and Fe concentrations were the most discriminating with the longest vectors from the origin in the biplot. Landraces L10, L48, L2, L55, L17, L14, L36, L16, L53, L22, L32, L53 L65 and Kirik cultivar were the best or the poorest landraces in some or all of the traits since they had the longest distance from the origin of biplot. Among the mineral contents, Fe content was positively correlated with Zn and Mn content. Tie association of Zn with Mn was positive and significant. B content positive and significant correlated with Mo content. Both Zn and Fe content was negative significant correlated with Ca. The GT biplot method can be used to identify both ideal genotypes and mineral contents in other crops.