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    Effects of Lubricating Agents with Different Osmolalities on Tear Osmolarity and Other Tear Function Tests in Patients with Dry Eye
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2013) Comez, Arzu Taskiran; Tufan, Hasan Ali; Kocabiyik, Omer; Gencer, Baran
    Purpose: To evaluate the effects of different artificial tear eye drops on Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear osmolarity, Schirmer's I test, and tear break-up time (TBUT) in patients with dry eye disease. Materials and methods: This 12-week, single-institution, single-masked, randomized, pilot study was conducted in Turkey between March and July 2012 in patients with dry eye. Patients were randomly assigned to receive Systane (R) for their right eye and Eyestil (R) for their left eye or to receive Tears Naturale II (R) for their right eye and Refresh Tears (R) for their left eyes. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and weeks 2, 4 and 12 after treatment initiation. Results: Twenty-two patients received Systane (right eye) and Eyestil (left eye) and 21 patients received Tears Naturale (right eye) and Refresh (left eye). At each visit and for each outcome, each treatment group demonstrated a significant improvement from baseline (p<0.001); however, none of these outcomes were significantly different among treatment groups at any visit. At week 12, the mean OSDI improvement was similar between the Systane/Eyestil group (-26.4 +/- 10.6) and the Tears Naturale/Refresh group (-27.6 +/- 14.8). The mean tear osmolarity decrease (mOsm/L) at week 12 was -33.8 +/- 8.3 for Eyestil, -30.3 +/- 9.2 for Refresh, 28.4 +/- 8.2 for Systane and 25.7 +/- 13.1 for Tears Naturale. The mean Schirmer's test increase at week 12 (mm/5 min) was 6.7 +/- 3.4 for Eyestil, 6.4 +/- 2.9 for Systane, 4.7 +/- 2.4 for Tears Naturale and 4.7 +/- 2.8 for Refresh. The mean TBUT increase at week 12 (s) was 7.0 +/- 3.4 for Systane, 6.1 +/- 3.3 for Eyestil, 5.8 +/- 2.3 for Tears Naturale, and 5.6 +/- 2.8 for Refresh. Conclusion: All four artificial tear formulations were effective in relieving dry eye signs and symptoms. Although the greatest improvement in two of the objective tests was achieved by Eyestil, the drug with the lowest osmolality, differences among the four artificial tear eye drops were not statistically significant.
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    Intractable Hiccups Induced by Oral Methylprednisolone Treatment in a Patient with Behcet's Uveitis
    (Turkish Ophthalmological Soc, 2013) Tufan, Hasan Ali; Kocabiyik, Omer; Arikan, Sedat; Gencer, Baran; Kara, Selcuk; Gunes, Fahri
    Corticosteroids are one of the most important drug groups that are used to treat uveitis. Topical, systemic, or periocular administration of these agents vary according to the location and severity of inflammation. Systemic steroids may cause short-term side effects including appetite and behavior changes, flushing, water retention, or long-term side effects including osteoporosis, myopathy, hypertension, Cushing syndrome, cataract, and glaucoma. In this study, we report a patient with Behcet's uveitis who developed persistent hiccups due to the systemic methylprednisolone treatment.
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    Repeatability of contrast sensitivity testing in patients with age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and cataract
    (Consel Brasil Oftalmologia, 2016) Kara, Selcuk; Gencer, Baran; Ersan, Ismail; Arikan, Sedat; Kocabiyik, Omer; Tufan, Hasan Ali; Comez, ArzuTaskiran
    Purpose: To analyze the intrasession and intersession repeatability of contrast sensitivity (CS) measurements in patients with glaucoma, cataract, or age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and healthy controls. Methods: CS measurements were performed using the OPTEC-Functional Vision Analyzer (FVA), which uses a standardized and closed (view-in) system. Measurements for patients with glaucoma, cataract, or AMD and healthy controls were repeated within 30 minutes (intrasession) and during two sessions (intersession), separated by one week to one month. Test-retest reliability and correlation were measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of repeatability (COR). Results: Ninety subjects (90 eyes) with visual acuity of 0.17 logMAR or higher in the cataract group or 0.00 logMAR in the other groups were included. During the first session, the ICC values were 0.87, 0.90, 0.76, and 0.69, and COR values were 0.24, 0.20, 0.38, and 0.25 for the control, glaucoma, cataract, and AMD groups, respectively. The reliability scores significantly improved during the second session, except in the glaucoma group. There was an acceptable floor effect and no ceiling effect at higher frequencies in the glaucoma and AMD groups. Conclusion: In subjects with good visual acuity, the FVA system is useful for evaluating CS and demonstrates good repeatability, as shown by ICC and COR. Because there is no ceiling effect, this system is beneficial for evaluation of early changes in CS, particularly in patients with glaucoma or AMD.