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Öğe Frontal QRS-T Angle as a Prognostic Marker of Long-Term Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients(Kare Publ, 2025) Kaya, Caglar; Ebik, Mustafa; Ozturk, Cihan; Cakir, Merve Akbulut; Cakir, Emirhan; Kilic, IlhanObjective: The electrocardiogram is a crucial, cost-effective, and noninvasive tool for assessing the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality. The frontal QRS-T angle is a marker of ventricular repolarization. This study investigated whether the frontal QRS-T angle could predict mortality in hemodialysis patients over a seven-year follow-up period. Method: The study included 110 patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. Frontal QRS-T angles greater than 90 degrees were classified as wide. Patients were categorized based on the width of the QRS-T angle and the presence or absence of mortality. Electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters measured included the QRS, T axis, TP/QT ratio, fragmented QRS, TPe/QTc ratio, and the frontal QRS-T angle, defined as the absolute difference between the frontal QRS and T axes. Results: A total of 37 patients (34%) had a wide frontal QRS-T angle. The mean age was significantly higher in both the wide frontal QRS-T angle group and the deceased group. Ejection fraction was lower and the frontal QRS-T angle was wider in the mortality group (94 [31-113] vs. 33 [16-80], P < 0.001). In univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, having a wide QRS-T angle was associated with increased mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 8.08, confidence interval [CI]: 2.75-23.74, P < 0.001). Additionally, the presence of fragmented QRS also increased mortality risk (OR: 11.25, CI: 2.98-42.49, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the independent prognostic value of the frontal QRS-T angle in patients undergoing hemodialysis, irrespective of ejection fraction status. This suggests that it may serve as a valuable tool in routine cardiovascular risk assessments, contributing to improved management strategies for this high-risk population.Öğe Genetic relationship and nuclear dna content variation in Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] accessions(Springer, 2020) Kaya, Caglar; Tiryaki, Iskender; Sari, Ugur; Tuna, MetinThis study was initiated to reveal genetic relationship of 25 tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) accessions by using 10 SSR markers and to determine DNA content variation by using flow cytometer analysis. Ten markers produced a total of 18 alleles and 11 of those were polymorphic. The mean polymorphism rate was 66.6%. The highest polymorphism information content value was obtained from marker CNLTs370 with 0.69 while markers CNTLs11 and CNTLs133 produced monomorphic bands only. UPGMA analysis divided 25 tef genotypes into three main clades. The accessions PI193511 and PI195934 were distinctly separated from the others. No ploidy differences were determined among the 25 tef accessions. 2C mean nuclear DNA content ranged from 1.406 pg to 1.510 with mean of 1.460 pg. The results of this study indicated that SSR markers successfully determined genetic relationship of 25 tef accession although they had a low rate of polymorphism. This study also revealed that available tef related SSR markers should be optimized before use and their efficiency may vary based on tef genotypes or accessions used.Öğe Heatmap and PCA-based evaluation of bioactive compounds and volatile profiles in aronia fruits under different drying methods(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2025) Kaya, CaglarThis study compares the bioactive compound contents and volatile profiles of products obtained from the 'Nero' variety of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa L.) fruits subjected to three different drying methods: freeze drying, vacuum drying, and hot air drying. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The highest values were observed in the freeze-dried samples, with 67.9 mg GAEg-1 dry weight (DW), 41.7 mg CEg-1 DW, and 88.6% antioxidant activity, respectively. Vacuum drying resulted in moderate levels of bioactive compounds, while hot air drying yielded the lowest values. Volatile compound analysis, based on relative peak areas obtained from Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), indicated that freeze drying retained the highest levels of key aroma compounds, including hexanal (15.4%), ethyl acetate (13.9%), methyl acetate (5.7%), benzaldehyde (5.2%), 1-butanol (4.4%), linalool (3.5%), hexane (3.3%), and 2-nonanol (3.1%). The heatmap and ANOVA analyses consistently demonstrated that the drying method had a significant effect on volatile compound retention, with freeze drying identified as the most effective technique for preserving the native aroma profile. One-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences between groups (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed clear distinctions in both bioactive profiles and volatile compositions across the drying methods. Overall, freeze drying proved to be the most effective method for preserving both bioactive and volatile components in dried 'Nero' aronia fruits.Öğe Reply to the Letter: Frontal QRS-T Angle in Hemodialysis(Turkish Society of Cardiology, 2026) Kaya, Caglar; Ebik, Mustafa; Öztürk, Cihan; Çakir, Merve Akbulut; Çakır, Emirhan; Kiliç, Ilhan[No abstract available]
