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    RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PULSE WAVE VELOCITY AND SERUM YKL-40 LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
    (Bmj Publishing Group, 2013) Turkyilmaz, A. Kucukali; Devrimsel, G.; Kirbas, A.; Cicek, Y.; Karkucak, M.; Capkin, E.; Gokmen, F.
    [Anstract Not Available]
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    The prevalence and risk factors of low back pain in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey
    (Ios Press, 2015) Capkin, E.; Karkucak, M.; Cakirbay, H.; Topbas, M.; Karaca, A.; Kose, M. M.; Gokmen, F.
    BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a public health problem commonly seen in all societies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and specific risk factors of low back pain (LBP) in the central and outlying districts of the province of Trabzon, a Black Sea region of Turkey. METHOD: A random sample of 7897 (4006 men and 3789 women) adults was collected by using sampling techniques of stratification. In this study questionnaires were completed at face-to-face interviews with participants selected on the basis of place of residence, gender and age group. The used variables in this study were: use of cigarettes, status of marriage, level of education, and presence of chronic disease, the prevalence of lifetime LBP and of LBP in the preceding year. Chronic LBP was determined as being present for more than 6 weeks. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of LBP in the general population was determined at 62.1%. Prevalence in the preceding year was 46.1%, and that of LBP lasting more than six week was 18.1%. Lifetime prevalence of LBP, prevalence of LBP in the preceding year and prevalence of pain lasting more than six week were all statistically significantly higher in women (p < 0.001). Use of cigarettes, female gender, marriage, a low level of education and presence of chronic disease were identified as independent risk factors for LBP (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Lower back pain is a common public health problem. Recommendations were made for local health services to prevent LBP, including health education through combating chronic diseases, reducing cigarette consumption, improvement of working environments and life styles.
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    The relationship between serum YKL-40 levels and arterial stiffness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
    (Publisaude-Edicoes Medicas Lda, 2017) Turkyilmaz, Kucukali A.; Devrimsel, G.; Beyazal, Serdaroglu M.; Kirbas, A.; Cicek, Y.; Capkin, E.; Karkucak, M.
    Objective: Serum YKL-40 plays roles in inflammatory and vascular processes. Our aim was to evaluate serum YKL-40 levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to investigate their potential relationship with arterial stiffness based on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV). Methods: Forty-three patients with AS and 41 healthy controls with no history or current signs of cardiovascular disease were included in the study. All patients were administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and none were prescribed anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. Serum YKL-40 levels were measured. CF-PWV and intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT-C) were evaluated. Results: The mean age of AS patients was 34.6 +/- 10.2 years and of controls was36.3 +/- 9.0 years. CF-PWV was significantly higher in AS patients than in controls (8.2 +/- 2.7 vs. 7.0 +/- 1.6 m/s, respectively; P=0.015). However, the IMT-C was not significantly different between AS patients and controls (0.6 +/- 0.3 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.2 mm, P=0.501). YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in AS patients than in controls (78.9 +/- 37.9 vs. 58.4 +/- 21.2 ng/mL, P=0.003) and were strongly correlated with CF-PWV (r=0.773, P<0.001) and IMT-C (r=0.548, P<0.001). A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that CF-PWV could be explained by serum YKL-40 levels and IMT-C (adjusted R-2 = 0.707, P=0.013 and P=0.001, respectively). AS patients with a higher disease activity score had higher YKL-40 levels, IMT-C, and CF-PWV than did those with a lower disease activity score (P<0.001, P=0.008, and P<0.001, respectively) Conclusion: AS patients had higher serum YKL-40 levels, CF-PWV, and IMT-C than did healthy controls. Additionally, there was an association between increased CF-PWV and serum YKL-40 levels. Therefore, we conclude that CF-PWV and YKL-40 levels may be used for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis in AS patients.