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    Effect of animal breed, season and milk production scale on somatic cell count and composition of cow milk
    (2017) Ivanov, Galin Y.; Bilgucu, Ertugrul; Balabanova, Tatyana B.; Ivanova, Ivelina V.; Uzatici, Ahmet
    Production of high quality dairy products requires profound knowledge about factors conducting raw milk quality. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide to dairy processors the necessary information for the effect of animal breed, season and milk production scale on the quality and technological properties of raw milk. In this respect, the main composition parameters (total solids, milk fat, protein content) and microbiological parameters (somatic cell count (SCC) and total viable count (TVC)) of bulk raw milk collected from small-scale producers and of raw milk from Simmental, Holstein and Jersey breeds produced in large-scale farms were studied over a one year period. Total solids, protein and fat levels in bulk milk demonstrated seasonal trends. Milk fat and protein contents were the highest in autumn and winter and the lowest in spring and summer. However, no significant seasonal variations were detected in total solids, milk fat and protein contents in the milk from large-scale farms. The values of these parameters were significantly higher (P<0.05) in milk from Jersey breed in comparison with the other two breeds studied. Lower TVC and SCC of milk produced by large-scale farms in comparison with small-scale producers were found. The SCC values of bulk milk samples were significantly higher (P < 0.05) during the autumn-winter period compared to spring and summer. The milk produced by large-scale producers lacks significant seasonal variations of SCC. It was found that the SCC of milk from Jersey breed is statistically (P < 0.05) higher than that the other breeds studied. © 2017, National Centre for Agrarian Sciences. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of somatic cell count of cow’s milk on the lipolysis and fatty acid profile of farmer cheese
    (Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2021) Ivanov, Galin Y.; Bilgücü, Ertuğrul; Balabanova, T. G.; Ivanova, Ivelina V.
    The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) of raw cow’s milk on the lipolysis and oxidative processes in farmer cheese. The farmer cheesesamples were produced from three different batches of raw cow’s milk of low (about 100,000cells/mL, batch L), medium (between 500,000 and 600,000 cells/mL, batch M), and high(above 1,500,000 cells/mL, batch H) SCC. The farmer cheese samples were aged andcold-stored at 4 ± 1°C for three and ten months, respectively. Lipolysis in the farmer cheesesamples was evaluated by monitoring the changes in cheese fatty acid values and peroxidevalues, as well as the changes in the fatty acid profile. Results indicated intensive lipolysisduring aging and cold storage of batch H; increased concentrations of short-chain fatty acidsas well as a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids were observed. It can thus be concludedthat the accelerated lipolysis in farmer cheese samples made from raw cow’s milk with highSCC could cause some quality defects, and reduce cheeses’ shelf life.