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    Influence of Seasonal Environmental Changes on The Biochemical Composition of Sea Cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791) in The Dardanelles Strait
    (Natl Univ Food Technologies, 2017) Culha, Saniye Turk; Celik, Meryem Yesim; Karaduman, Fatma R.; Dereli, Hakki; Culha, Mehmet; Ozalp, Hasan B.; Hamzacebi, Sevim
    Introduction. There is a serious worldwide protein deficiency problem, so it is the obligation to know about edible species and their biochemical composition. Sea cucumbers have great value because of its high protein content. The study comprises monthly data on biochemical content of H. tubulosa. Materials and methods. Monthly variations in biochemical composition of sea cucumbers and environmental interrelationship were investigated from April 2013 to March 2014, from three stations (Gelibolu, Umurbey and Dardanos) in Dardanelles Strait, Turkey. Results and discussion. Temperature pattern was similar at the stations while salinity and organic matter values at Dardanos was different than others stations. Protein was maximum (52.48%) in March at Gelibolu; in May (52.81%) at Umurbey and (56.93%) at Dardanos; lipid was maximum (1.70%) in February at Gelibolu; in March (1.77%) at Umurbey and in September (1.42%) at Dardanos; ash was maximum (43.51%) in November at Gelibolu; in September (44.22%) at Umurbey and in December (44.98%) at Dardanos. Carbohydrate reserves were reduced due to being used as energy for lipid synthesis in September and also carbohydrate and lipid reserves could be used as an energy source during periods of lower available nutrition for basic metabolic function. Protein, lipid, carbohydrate, ash and moisture values varied depending on food supply and reproduction period and might have been indirectly affected by environmental conditions. Conclusions. The study clearly showed that protein, lipid, carbohydrate and ash values varied depending on food supply and reproduction period and might have been indirectly affected by environmental conditions.
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    Öğe
    Reproductive pattern of the Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778) on littoral zones in Aegean Sea
    (Springer, 2025) Kucukdermenci, Aysun; Lok, Aynur; Serdar, Serpil; Acarli, Sefa; Kirtik, Ali; Hamzacebi, Sevim
    The purpose of this study was to look into morphometric changes and establish the reproductive cycle. Phorcus turbinatus morphometric correlations were established, and the reproductive period and body indices were ascertained by taking histological sections. The idea that the primary growth occurs in the gastropod's shell due to shell thickness can be supported by the meat yield and condition index, which exhibit a negative relationship with weight increase. The average annual HBA is 15.27 +/- 0.26 mm. The overall weight was 1.60 +/- 0.07 g on average. The range of the gonad index was 1.23 to 2.81%. Throughout the winter, the condition index was low; in the spring and summer, it rose. The results showed that the condition index was 4.24 +/- 0.95-23.77 +/- 4.48%, and the meat yield was 17.34 +/- 0.99-33.27 +/- 1.29%. P. turbinatus gonad stages were identified histologically as early active, late active, ripe, spawning, and recovery. Development and maturation over the course of the year demonstrate that, with the exception of the winter, reproductive activity is not interrupted. The primary reproductive phase was found to be between November and June, with temperature and nutrition assumed to be the abiotic elements influencing this, according to an analysis of data collected throughout the year.