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Öğe Predictors of burnout in the family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from Turkey(Wiley, 2009) Yilmaz, Aysegul; Turan, Engin; Gundogar, DuruObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors related to burnout in the family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Subjects included in the study were 44 Alzheimer's disease patients and their primary caregivers. Patients were evaluated with Mini Mental State Examination, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Physical Self-Maintenance Scale and Geriatric Depression Scale, and carers were administered Maslach Burnout Inventory, Ways of Coping Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Results: The emotional exhaustion of caregivers revealed a significant relationship with the caregivers' anxiety, submissive approach for coping and the patient's self-maintenance. Depersonalisation was found to be related to the depression score of the patient. Discussion: This study may serve to increase clinicians' awareness of burnout in relatives of dementia patients. It points to the fact that research for determining the causes and consequences of burnout in the family caregivers is warranted.Öğe Prevalence and related risk factors of tobacco, alcohol and illicit substance use among university students(European Journal Of Psychiatry, 2013) Bakar, Coskun; Gundogar, Duru; Karaman, Handan Isin Ozisik; Maral, IsilBackground and Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of cigarette, alcohol and substance use and the possible associations between different types of substance use and various risk factors among university students. Methods: A self-assessment questionnaire was administered to 4762 students from Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University. The risk factors associated with cigarette, alcohol and substance use were investigated with logistic regression analysis. Results: The frequencies of regular or occasional tobacco and alcohol use were 38.6% and 46.3% respectively. The frequency of using substance at least once in life time was 6.3% among students. In the present study, male gender was found to be a statistically significant risk factor associated with all of the three dependent variables. The statistically significant risk factors for using alcohol were studying in college and vocational schools, having a parent with high school and above educational level, having a family income of 1226 USD's and above, having tried tobacco once or a couple of times and using tobacco occasionally or regularly, and having used another substance at least once. Substance use risk was found to be higher in those with higher depression scores, in those who tried tobacco once or a couple of times and who were not using regularly, and who were using tobacco or alcohol occasionally or regularly. Conclusions: The practices and activities of the health center incorporated in the university should be enhanced for the establishment of effective control programs related to tobacco, regular alcohol and substance use.Öğe PREVALENCE OF UNINTENTIONAL INJURIES AND RELATED RISK FACTORS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN CANAKKALE CITY, WESTERN TURKEY(Natl Inst Public Health, 2014) Baker, Coskun; Cevizci, Sibel; Gundogar, Duru; Karaman, Handan Isin OzisikObjective: We examined the prevalence of unintentional injuries and associated risk factors among university students in Canakkale city, Turkey. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007-2008. A total of 4,762 students completed the questionnaire. Risk factors associated with the rate of accidents were assessed by chi-square analysis and effects of these factors on unintentional injuries were described by logistic regression analysis. Results: The rate of unintentional injuries among university students was 14.9% during the previous 12 months. The most reported injuries occurred on the road (43.8%), at home (33.2%) and outside the home (26.9%) such as workplaces, schools or sports venues. The prevalence of unintentional injuries was significantly higher in males than females (18.1% vs. 12.0% p < 0.05). Results of the logistic regression analysis indicated that male gender (OR 1.51), studying in college and vocational school (OR 1.34), perception of very bad (OR 0.49) or good economic status (OR 0.49), drinking alcohol (OR 1.52), using illicit substances (OR 1.70), having a diagnosed illness (OR 1.36), or having risk of developing depression (OR 1.54) had significant effects on the risk of unintentional injuries (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study indicated that male gender, studying in college and vocational schools, illicit substance use, poor economic conditions, having a diagnosed illness and risk of developing depression can be risk factors for unintentional injuries among university students. Public health training programmes giving priority to high-risk groups such as university and high school students may be a valuable tool in reducing unintentional injuries among young people.Öğe The levels of stress, depression and anxiety of parents of disabled children in Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Uskun, Ersin; Gundogar, DuruBackground. Parents of disabled children experience some special problems in their lives. It is reported that the parents of disabled children experience a very high level of stress. Objectives This study aims to determine the situations in which the parents experience higher levels of stress; to investigate the relation between the levels of stress, depression and anxiety. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with parents whose children attend a Special Education and Rehabilitation Centre. The total number of parents was 156 and 127 (81.4%) of them voluntarily participated in this study. A questionnaire form, consisting of questions regarding the socio-demographic characteristics of disabled children and of their parents, was given to the participants. Additionally, the participants were asked to score 10 possible stressful situations (financial problems, relations with other people, having limited free time, not to be able to participate in social activities, etc.) on a scale of 0-10 points. Moreover, psychometric scales such as Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were applied to the participants. Results. The mean BDI (SD) score was found to be 14.9 (10.9). The mean STAI-state and STAI-trait scores were 55.1 +/- 12.2 and 48.6 +/- 8.8, respectively. Among the stressful experiences, the parents gave the highest points to 'attitudes of society towards disabled people', 'having limited free time' and 'financial problems' (Top three situations). In multiple analyses, it was found that by employing the BDI there was a relation between financial problems (beta: 0.32, p < 0.01), a decrease in relations with other people (beta: 0.21, p < 0.05), having limited free time (beta: -0.19, p < 0.05) and insufficiency of physical structures (beta: 0.21, p < 0.05). The relations between financial problems (beta: 0.31, p < 0.01) and being an individual who has close relations with disabled person other than his/her parents (beta: 0.27, p < 0.01) were defined employing the STAI-state as effective variables. 'Negative attitudes of society towards disabled people' (beta: 0.29; p < 0.01) were defined employing the STAI-trait as the only effective variable. Conclusion. Financial problems are the most important factors that affect the psychology of the parents of disabled people. Social programmes that support the parents in respect of both financial matters and home-care facilities should be set up.
