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Öğe A preliminary study on micronucleus analysis and nuclear anomalies in Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) (Amphibia: Anura) specimens collected around Vize (Kirklareli) and Ida Mountains (Çanakkale, Turkey)(2012) Gürkan, Mert; Hayretdağ, Sibel; Yakın, Batuhan Yaman; Tok, Cemal VarolBu çalışmada Vize (Kırklareli) ve Kazdağı (Yenice, Çanakkale) civarında toplanan Pelophylax ridibundus örneklerine ait eritrositlerde mikronukleus analizi yapıldı ve nuklear anomaliler tespit edildi. Bu amaçla Nisan 2011’de Vize’den 9 (5??, 4??), Mayıs 2011’de Kazdağı’ndan 5 (3??, 2??) adet P. ridibundus örneği toplandı. Vize’den toplanan örneklerde ortalama mikronukleus sayısı 6±4,17, frekans % 0,3; Kazdağı’ndan toplanan örneklerde ise 0,6±0,43, frekans % 0,03 olarak hesaplandı. İstatistiksel analizler neticesinde iki lokalite arasında toplam mikronukleus sayısı bakımından önemli fark bulunduğu belirlendi (p?0,05). Çalışmada binuklear, çentikli, tomurcuklu ve küçük loplu olmak üzere 4 tip nuklear anomali saptandı. Vize ve Kazdağı örnekleri arasında toplam nuklear anomali sayısı bakımından fark tespit edilmedi (p=0,31). Araştırmamız sonunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, Vize örneklerinde mikronukleus frekansının daha yüksek bulunması, bölgedeki yoğun tarımsal faaliyetlerde kullanılan genotoksik pestisitlere maruz kalınmayla ilişkilendirilebilir.Öğe Acute toxicity of the synthetic pyrethroid alpha-cypermethrin on the tadpoles of variable green toad, Bufotes variabilis (Amphibia:Anura)(2016) Gürkan, Mert; Serbest, Seda; Hayretdağ, SibelBu çalışmada, Bufotes variabilis (Pallas, 1769) iribaşları üzerinde alfa-sipermetrinin akut toksik etkileri araştırıldı. Gosner 19. evredeki iribaşlar, 96 saat süreyle 0; 0,1; 5 ve 10 µgl-1 konsantrasyonlarda alfa-sipermetrine maruz bırakıldı. Çalışma sonunda; mortalite, bazı morfolojik ölçümlerdeki değişiklikler (burun-anüs açıklığı arası uzunluğu, vücut genişliği, kuyruk uzunluğu ve ıslak ağırlık), morfolojik anomaliler ve davranışsal değişiklikler değerlendirildi. 96 saatlik LC50 değeri 15,62 µgl-1 olarak hesaplandı. 5 ve 10 µgl-1 alfa-sipermetrin uygulaması yapılan iribaşların, %83 ve %95'inde aksiyal anomali, viseral ödem, ağız deformasyonu ve kuyruk deformasyonu gibi bazı morfolojik değişiklikler gözlendi. Alfa-sipermetrin uygulaması yapılan tüm iribaşlarda yüzme mesafesinde kısalma ve dengesizlik gibi davranışsal değişiklikler kaydedildi. Tüm bulgular birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, alfa-sipermetrinin, B. variabilis iribaşlarının gelişimi üzerine olumsuz etkileri olduğu sonucuna ulaşıldı.Öğe Assessing spinel zinc ferrite nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems: Toxic threat or beneficial detoxifier for aquatic life?(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Ertürk Gürkan, Selin; Gürkan, Mert; Yanik, Ece Büşra; Kutlu, Elif; Saritunç, Volkan; Güneş, Berkay; İbiş, Ezgi CanThe effectiveness of magnetic nanoparticles in removing pollutants during water treatment is well established, but their introduction into aquatic ecosystems raises significant toxicity concerns. This study investigates the histological and physiological effects of zinc ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4?MNPs) on the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and examines the impact of concurrent exposure to these nanoparticles and the insecticide thiomethoxam (TMX). Mussels were exposed to nominal concentrations of ZnFe2O4?MNPs (1, 10, 100 mg/L) both individually and with TMX. Physiological assessments included measuring antioxidant enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase) and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde). Results showed that ZnFe2O4?MNPs increased antioxidant activity but also caused dose-dependent pathological changes. In contrast, combined exposure with TMX significantly (p < 0.05) reduced antioxidant defenses, indicated by lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and higher malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, suggesting oxidative stress and potential cellular damage. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive toxicity assessments of nanoparticles in aquatic environments and advocate for their complete removal from water sources post-treatment. Further research is crucial to define the toxicity profiles of spinel ferrites to ensure their safe application in environmental remediation. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Çanakkale Sarıçay Deltası'nın ornithofaunası(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2006) Gürkan, Mert; Tosunoğlu, MuratBu çalışmada Çanakkale ili sınırları içerisinde bulunan Sarıçay Deltası veçevresinin kuş faunası araştırılmıştır. Ekim 2003-Mayıs 2005 tarihleri arasındagerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmaları sonucunda bölgede 15 Ordo'dan, 34 Familya'yadahil toplam 90 kuş türü tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bu türlerden 43'ü yerli, 19'ukış göçmeni, 22'si yaz göçmeni, 4'ü besin ziyaretçisi ve 2'si transittir. Kuş göçyollarından birisi üzerinde bulunan araştırma alanı; baraj göleti ve bunun çevresindebahar aylarında ortaya çıkan geçici sulak alanlardan oluşmaktadır.Anahtar sözcükler : Çanakkale, Sarıçay, Ornithofauna, Morfoloji.ivÖğe Çanakkale Sarıçay Deltası'nınornıthofaunası(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2006) Gürkan, Mert; Tosunoğlu, MuratBu çalışmada Çanakkale ili sınırları içerisinde bulunan Sarıçay Deltası ve çevresinin kuş faunası araştırılmıştır. Ekim 2003 – Mayıs 2005 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmaları sonucunda bölgede 15 Ordo'dan, 34 Familya'ya dahil toplam 90 kuş türü tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bu türlerden 43'ü yerli, 19'u kış göçmeni, 22'si yaz göçmeni, 4'ü besin ziyaretçisi ve 2'si transittir. Kuş göç yollarından birisi üzerinde bulunan araştırma alanı; baraj göleti ve bunun çevresinde bahar aylarında ortaya çıkan geçici sulak alanlardan oluşmaktadır.Öğe Comparative Toxicity of Alpha and Gamma Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Rainbow Trout: Histopathology, Hematology, Accumulation, and Oxidative Stress(Springer, 2021) Gürkan, Mert; Ertürk Gürkan, Selin; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ateş, MehmetIn this study, alpha and gamma iron oxide nanoparticles, characterizations, toxic effects after being exposed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at 0, 1, 10 and 25 mg/L concentrations for 10 days, and then 10-day recovery period without any nanoparticle exposure were examined for histopathological (kidney, liver and gill), hematological, iron accumulation and potential for oxidative stress (TBARS and GSH). Histopathological damages significant at the exposure of increasing concentrations of both nanoparticles (increase in melanomacrophage aggregations, epithelial tissue deformations, cytoplasmic vacuolizations, fatty changes, necrosis, pyknosis, hyperplasia, hypertrophy, lamellar fusions, capillary dilatations). Gamma nanoparticles were determined to accumulate more than the alpha nanoparticles. The most Fe accumulation was detected in the liver. The findings of oxidative stress parameters showed that both nanoparticles have the potential to generate oxidative stress. It was concluded that the exposure of alpha and gamma nanoparticles at specified concentrations and durations had a toxic effect on rainbow trout and the toxicity of these nanoparticles was similar.Öğe Effects of Rapana venosa meal-supplemented diets on reproduction, histopathology and some blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock(Wiley, 2021) Şahin, Tolga; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Gürkan, Mert; Ergün, SebahattinThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of partial replacement of fishmeal with Rapana venosa meal in diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock. The results were analysed on reproductive performance, egg fatty acid composition, serum biochemistry, antioxidant enzymes and histopathological and histomorphological changes of the experimental fish. For the trial, rainbow trout (331.04 +/- 11.72 g) were fed diets incorporated with R. venosa (whelk) meal at 0 g/kg (CD), 50 g/kg (R5), 100 g/kg (R10) and 150 g/kg (R15) for 90 days. At the end, whelk meal did not have a significant effect on reproductive and blood serum parameters. However, it significantly affected the egg fatty acid composition, catalase activity and histological structure of the intestine, liver and muscle tissues of fish. Increased histopathological anomalies such as significant supranuclear lipid vacuolization, cytoplasmic vacuolization and fatty deposits were observed in tissues as whelk meal increased in the diet. A moderate lipidosis of the connective tissue between the muscle fibres was observed in group R15. Histomorphological measurements of the intestine, excluding the mean intestinal enterocyte length, were significantly affected by diets. To conclude, whelk meal can successfully replace fishmeal at 50 g/kg in young rainbow trout broodstock diets.Öğe Effects of subchronic exposure to zinc nanoparticles on tissue accumulation, serum biochemistry, and histopathological changes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)(Wiley, 2017) Kaya, Hasan; Duysak, Müge; Akbulut, Mehmet; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Gürkan, Mert; Arslan, Zikri; Demir, VeyselZinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) are among the least investigated NPs and thus their toxicological effects are not known. In this study, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to 1 and 10 mg/L suspensions of small size (SS, 40-60 nm) and large size (LS, 80-100 nm) ZnNPs for 14 days under semi-static conditions. Total Zn levels in the intestine, liver, kidney, gill, muscle tissue, and brain were measured. Blood serum glucose (GLU), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were examined to elucidate the physiological disturbances induced by ZnNPs. Organ pathologies were examined for the gills, liver, and kidney to identify injuries associated with exposure. Significant accumulation was observed in the order of intestine, liver, kidney, and gills. Zn levels exhibited time- and concentration-dependent increase in the organs. Accumulation in kidney was also dependent on particle size; NPs SS-ZnNPs were trapped more effectively than LS-ZnNPs. No significant accumulation occurred in the brain (p>0.05) while Zn levels in muscle tissue increased only marginally (p0.05). Significant disturbances were noted in serum GOT and LDH (p<0.05). The GPT levels fluctuated and were not statistically different from those of controls (p>0.05). Histopathological tubular deformations and mononuclear cell infiltrations were observed in kidney sections. In addition, an increase in melano-macrophage aggregation intensity was identified on the 7th day in treatments exposed to LS-ZnNPs. Mononuclear cell infiltrations were identified in liver sections for all treatments. Both ZnNPs caused basal hyperplasia in gill sections. Fusions appeared in the gills after the 7th day in fish treated with 10 mg/L suspensions of SS-ZnNPs. In addition, separations in the secondary lamella epithelia were observed. The results indicated that exposure to ZnNPs could lead to disturbances in blood biochemistry and cause histopathological injuries in the tissues of O. niloticus. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1213-1225, 2017.Öğe Evaluation of isotopic signature of mucilage in the benthic food web in the Çanakkale Strait(Universitatea din Oradea, 2022) Gürkan, Selin Ertürk; Acar, Seçil; Gürkan, Mert; Özdilek, Şükran YalçinThe mucilage formation, which emerged in the Marmara Sea in November 2020, was soon seen in the Çanakkale Strait and became effective in different locations of the strait in a short time. In this study, the place of mucilage in the food web as a food source and the percentage of mucilage in the food web of warty crab (Eriphia verrucosa), which is a benthic species, was determined by the stable isotope method. For this purpose, E. verrucosa was sampled from a mucilage-affected area of the Çanakkale Strait in July 2021. In addition, sediment samples were collected to sort out macrophyte samples and macroinvertebrate samples, which could be possible food sources of the species. Finally, the pelagic and benthic mucilage samples were also taken and brought to the laboratory in the cold chain. The stable isotope analyses of all samples were made and evaluated. The results showed that mucilage from both layers joined the food web and that benthic mucilage, in particular, contributed to the diet of a benthic species, E. verrucosa. The possible contribution of mucilage, which has been determined to be included in the diet of benthic organisms with its high bacterial density, is also a concern for the diet of fish species that are consumed more frequently by humans. © 2022 Universitatea din Oradea. All rights reserved.Öğe Evaluation of Possible Toxic Effects of Boric Acid in Palourde Clam (Ruditapes decussatus) Through Histological Changes and Oxidative Responses(Springernature, 2024) Ertürk Gürkan, Selin; Gürkan, Mert; Sarıtunç, Volkan; İbiş, Ezgi Can; Güneş, BerkayThe extensive utilization of boric acid, particularly in industrial and agricultural sectors, also engenders concerns regarding the toxicity of boron and its derivatives. Particularly, the behavior of boric acid at increasing concentrations in aquatic ecosystems remains poorly understood. In light of these concerns, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of boric acid in bivalves, which occupy a critical position in the food chain. Specimens of Ruditapes decussatus, which had not been previously exposed to any pollutants and were cultivated under controlled conditions, were subjected to three different concentrations of boric acid (0.05 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 5 mg/L) in vitro for 96 h. Following the exposure period, the specimens were assessed for histological changes (the mantle, gill, and digestive gland) and specific oxidative parameters (the gill and digestive gland), including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase, and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The research findings indicated that boric acid primarily induced oxidative damage at the applied concentrations and increased antioxidant levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, although no significant histopathological abnormalities were observed in the examined histological sections, subtle changes were noted. This study evaluated the potential adverse effects of boric acid on bivalves, which are crucial components of the aquatic food chain, utilizing histological and specific physiological parameters following its introduction into aquatic environments. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will contribute to the development of new insights and perspectives regarding the extensive use of boric acid.Öğe Evaluation of the health of Mediterranean mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) distributed in the Çanakkale strait, Turkey(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Gürkan, Mert; Ertürk Gürkan, Selin; Künili, İbrahim Ender; Acar, Seçil; Özel, Osman Tolga; Düzgüneş, Zehra Duygu; Türe, MustafaThe observation of mortality in Mediterranean mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis ) distributed in the Çanakkale Strait in recent years was influential in developing the research question for this study. In this study, the presence of bacteria ( Vibrio spp.) and parasites ( Marteilia spp. and Haplosporidium spp.) in mussels collected from Kumkale, Kepez, and Umurbey stations in the Çanakkale Strait was investigated seasonally. Microbiological findings, histopathology, oxidative stress enzymes and their gene expressions, lipid peroxidation, lysosomal membrane stability, and changes in haemolymph were examined. In summer samples, both the defence system and the extent of damage were higher in gill tissue. In winter samples, enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation were found to be predominantly higher in digestive gland tissues. Histological examinations and Hemacolor staining revealed the presence of protozoan cysts, and for bacterial examination, molecular analysis performed after culturing revealed the presence of 7 Vibrio species. While the total numbers of heterotrophic bacteria detected in all samples were at acceptable levels, the predominance of Vibrio spp. numbers among the total heterotrophic bacteria detected in almost all samples were noteworthy. The total hemocyte count was calculated as 5.810(4) +/- 0.58 (cells/mm 3 ) in winter and 7.210(4) +/- 1.03 (cells/mm 3 ) in summer. These factors are considered to be possible causes of mussel mortality.Öğe Immunological Responses, Expression of Immune-Related Genes, and Disease Resistance of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed Diets Supplied with Capsicum (Capsicum annuum) Oleoresin(Mdpi, 2024) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kenanoğlu, Osman Nezih; Ergün, Sebahattin; Çelik, Ekrem Şanver; Gürkan, Mert; Mehana, Elsayed Eldeeb; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.A 45-day feeding study was carried out to assess the immune-stimulatory effects of capsicum oleoresin when added to rainbow trout diets. A total of 450 fish (mean weight: 155.20 +/- 1.96 g) were distributed into 400 L tanks (30 fish/tank) across five experimental groups: control (CT, 0%), C7 (0.7%), C14 (1.4%), C21 (2.1%), and C28 (2.8%). Each group consisted of three replicate tanks. At the end of this period, hemato-biochemical parameters, innate immune responses, and immune-related gene expression levels were evaluated, and a histological examination of head kidney and liver sections was conducted. Finally, fish in all groups were challenged with Lactococcus garvieae and observed for an additional 20 days. The results revealed that oleoresin supplementation enhanced the immune responses of the treated fish, which was evidenced by the increased globulin, total protein, respiratory burst activity, and total immunoglobulin levels. The highest expression levels of the il-8, il-1 beta, TGF-beta, and SAA genes was noticed in the C7 group, as compared with the results for the other groups. The IgT gene expression levels were higher in all experimental groups than in the CT group, and this increase was at the highest level in the C28 group. Following the bacterial challenge, all experimental groups displayed higher survival rates compared to that of the CT group. These values were 75.93, 72.22, 46.30, 33.33, and 29.63% in the C7, C14, C21, C28, and CT groups, respectively, with the C7 group displaying the highest survival rate among the groups. The histological examination of liver and head kidney tissues revealed that higher doses (in the C21 and C28 groups) showed an increase in cytoplasmic vacuolization, which causes adverse effects on fish health. However, the C7 group displayed normal histological structure in both tissues. Taken together, the most favorable immune responses were achieved in the C7 group, suggesting that 0.7% oleoresin could be applied to rainbow trout to boost immunity and protect the fish from diseases.Öğe Investigation of the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus sakei 2-3 and Candida zeylanoides Y12-3 strains in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)(Springer, 2025) Taha, Mohanad Dheyaa; Didinen, Behire Işıl; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Gürkan, Mert; Kenanoğlu, Osman NezihThis study aimed to assess individual and combined effects of candidate probiotic strains C. zeylanoides Y12-3 and L. sakei 2-3 on growth, hematological parameters, serum immunological parameters, serum biochemistry, histopathology, histomorphology, expression of immune and antioxidant enzyme genes, and disease resistance against L. garvieae in rainbow trout. The fish were fed four different feeds (control, L. sakei 2-3, C. zeylanoides Y12-3, and L. sakei 2-3 + C. zeylanoides Y12-3) for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, growth parameters, serum glucose levels, serum lysozyme activity, and expression of immune and antioxidant enzyme genes were significantly increased in the probiotic groups. Additionally, triglyceride levels decreased in the probiotic groups compared to the control group, whereas serum ALT levels did not change. The villus width and the number of goblet cells increased in the proximal intestines of the fish in C. zeylanoides and L. sakei + C. zeylanoides groups. L. sakei 2-3 showed higher superoxide anion production, expression of immune genes (IgM, IL-B1, lysozyme, TNF-alpha, HSP70) in the kidney, antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX, GST, SOD) in the liver compared to C. zeylanoides. TNF-alpha, HSP70), and antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX, GST, SOD) compared to C. zeylanoides. L. sakei and the combination of L. sakei + C. zeylanoides provided resistance to L. garvieae compared to the control group. However, C. zeylanoides was similar to the other two probiotic groups regarding disease resistance against L. garvieae. However, histopathological examinations revealed reversible changes in the proximal intestine, anterior kidney, and liver of fish in the C. zeylanoides and L. sakei + C. zeylanoides groups. Hence, future studies are still required to explore the effects of shorter-term use of the C. zeylanoides strain in rainbow trout to prevent undesirable effects on tissues. In brief, the findings, as mentioned above, showed that L. sakei 2-3 and C. zeylanoides Y12-3 could be potential probiotic candidates for use in rainbow trout farming. Moreover, the probiotic effects of both strains on different fish species should also be studied.Öğe Maneb ve metoksiklorun, Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) ve Bufo viridis laurenti, 1768 (Salientia: Bufonidae) populasyonlarında larva gelişimi ve üreme sistemi üzerine etkileri(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2011) Gürkan, Mert; Hayretdağ, SibelBu çalışmada, yurdumuzda yaşayan Bufo bufo ve Bufo viridis örneklerine ait larvalarda, maneb ve metoksiklor pestisitlerinin akut ve kronik toksik etkileri araştırılmıştır. Akut toksisite denemelerinde, 10-5000 µg/l maneb ve 1-100 µg/l doz aralığında metoksiklor, 21. evre larvalara 120 saat süreyle uygulanmıştır. Kronik toksisite denemelerinde ise 21. evre larvalara, 0,1-10 µg/l maneb ve 0,01-1 µg/l doz aralığında metoksiklor uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bufo bufo larvalarında, maneb için kronik toksisite denemeleri 35-55, metoksiklor ise 35-57 gün aralığında sürmüştür. Bufo viridis larvalarında ise maneb pestisitine ait kronik toksisite denemeleri 74-80, metoksiklor ise 74-88 gün aralığında sürmüştür. Akut denemeler neticesinde, maneb ve metoksiklor pestisitlerinin larvalarda morfolojik ve histopatolojik değişikliklere neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Omurga eğriliği, visseral ödem ve kuyruk deformasyonları gözlenen morfolojik bulgulardır. Solungaçlarda lamellar birleşmeler, karaciğerde nekroz, pronefrik tübül deformasyonları, somit formasyonunda bozulmalar ve visseral ödem önemli histopatoljik bulgulardır. Larvaların metamorfozlarını tamamlamalarına kadar sürdürülen kronik denemeler sonucunda ise söz konusu pestisitlerin büyüme ve gelişmeyi baskılayıcı etkiler gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca maneb ve metoksiklorun, gonad gelişimi ve eşey oranının değişimi üzerinde etkili oldukları gözlenmiştir. Bu etkiler, söz konusu pestisitlerinin larvalarda endokrin bozucu etkilerinin olduğu sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Akut ve kronik toksisite denemelerine ait bulgular birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, maneb ve metoksiklor pestisitlerinin Bufo bufo ve Bufo viridis örneklerine ait larvaların gelişim ve cinsiyet özelliklerinin kazanılmasında olumsuz etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.Öğe Pathological and oxidative stress responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis to Vibrio mediterranei infection: An in vivo challenge(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Ter, Ümmugülsüm; Ertürk Gürkan, Selin; Gürkan, Mert; Künili, İbrahim Ender; Aksoy, EmircanSince the identification of Vibrio mediterranei as a causative agent in mass mortalities of pen shells across the Mediterranean, elucidating its pathogenicity, virulence, and interactions with other bivalves has gained importance. While the cellular and immune responses of bivalves to various Vibrio species have been extensively studied, the infectious characteristics of this Vibrio species, particularly in the context of pen shell outbreaks, remain unclear for other bivalves. Therefore, to evaluate its pathogenicity, we investigated the histological and oxidative effects on the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), a key species in aquaculture. Two distinct infection setups were established: one involving the inoculation of seawater with the bacterial isolate and another involving direct injection of the bacteria into the mussels. After a 24-h exposure period, histological evaluations were conducted on the mantle, gill, and digestive gland tissues of the mussels. Additionally, measurements of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation levels were performed in the gill and digestive gland tissues. Oxidative responses were significantly elevated in both infection setups compared to the control group, with the directly injected samples exhibiting the highest oxidative responses (p < 0.05). Histological findings indicated that tissue-specific responses to host-pathogen interactions were consistent under both infection conditions. Notable observations included intense hemocytic infiltration in tissues, epithelial hyperplasia, and vacuolization in the gills, as well as focal necrotic areas in the digestive gland. The findings of this study indicate that V. mediterranei, a relatively novel pathogen, can provoke significant acute immune responses and tissue-level reactions in M. galloprovincialis, a species that is both widely distributed and vital to the food chain. These insights into the potential susceptibility of mussels underscore the need for further comprehensive research and inform the development of effective management strategies.Öğe Spirulina doğal preparatının ksenobiyotik metabolizması üzerine etkilerinin moleküler düzeyde aydınlatılması(2012) Tümer, Tuğba; Hayretdağ, Sibel; Gürkan, Mert[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The effects of Capsicum annuum oleoresin, as a dietary carotenoid, on growth, gut microbiome, intestinal histomorphometry, and sensory characteristics of Oncorhynchus mykiss(Wiley, 2024) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Şanver Çelik, Ekrem; Ergün, Sebahattin; Gürkan, Mert; Kesbiç, Fevziye Işıl; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.This study was designed to explore the dietary effects of Capsicum annuum oleoresin (CAO) on growth, body composition, sensory characteristics, gut microbiome, and intestinal histomorphometry of rainbow trout. Fish (195.13 +/- 1.55 g) were fed diets with various CAO levels (0.0-Control, 7.0- g kg (-1) C7, 14.0 g kg (-1) -C14, 21.0 g kg (-1)-C21, and 28.0 g kg (-1)-C28) for a 30-day period. Results revealed that the maximum growth was achieved in C7 and C14 groups. Nevertheless, the growth parameters were similar in other groups compared to the control. Moreover, there were significant increases in dry matter and crude lipid contents in all CAO groups compared with the controls. The mean abundances (%) of the prevalent bacteria at the genus level in the intestinal trout samples presented no significant changes among the test groups. Dietary CAO significantly changed the intestinal histological structure, and was manifested by an increased number of goblet cells in the CAO-supplied groups. However, there were intestinal villus epithelial deformations associated with increasing dietary CAO, and were most prominent in the C28 group. The sensory attributes of cooked trout fillets showed that capsicum's pungent odor and taste was evident in the C14 group and subsequently increased with increasing dietary CAO levels. Accordingly, the results showed, for the first time, that dietary CAO at levels (7-14 g kg(-1)) can enhance the growth of rainbow trout without negative effects on the sensory characters and gut health.
