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Öğe Gibberellic acid inhibits floral formation and delays flower differentiation in ‘0900 Ziraat’ sweet cherry cultivar(Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2014) Engin, H.; Gökbayrak, Z.; Akçal, A.; Gür, E.This paper reports on the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) on floral formation and the potential for GA3 to reduce flower primordia formation in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). GA3 was applied to 4-year-old ‘0900 Ziraat’/‘Gisela 5’ trees at two growth stages (early flowering and beginning of fruit development) at the doses of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 250 mg L–1, for a 2-year period. Bud samples were taken from the beginning of July to the end of September in both years in six sequential dates. During the dormant seasons, buds were collected to determine number of flowers per bud. Samples were fixed and stored in a solution of formalin, 70 % ethanol and glacial acetic acid (10:50:5, v/v). Flower formation in the buds was examined using a stereo zoom microscope and the morphological changes in each sample were recorded using a camera mounted on the microscope. Number of flowers per bud was negatively and linearly related to GA3 concentration. Floral formation in ‘0900 Ziraat’ sweet cherry (untreated control) started in early-July and continued until mid-September. The progress during which the sepal, petal, stamen and pistil primordia were differentiated was considerably slower at GA3 applications. Imperfection of the floral buds was observed as the floral organs being replaced by leaf-like appendages or as none of the flower buds having one normally-developed flower primordia or as floral organs or flower primordia being much smaller than the other. © Verlag Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart.Öğe Influence of brassinosteroids on fruit yield and quality of table grape 'Alphonse Lavallée'(Bundesanstalt fur Zuchtungsforschung an Kulturpflanzen, 2015) Işçi, B.; Gökbayrak, Z.This research was carried out to determine the effects of a brassinosteroid compound (22S-, 23S-homobrassinolide) on yield and quality attributes of a fieldgrown table grape cultivar 'Alphonse Lavallée'. The vines were sprayed at anthesis (first week of May) with the compound over two growing seasons. The solutions were prepared at the concentrations of control, 10-3 and 10-4 mg-L-1. Clusters were harvested when those of the control vines reached 16° Brix. Yield and quality parameters were analyzed. There were no clear effects of the compound on yield and quality, except for the cluster length. The low concentration resulted in longer clusters. High concentration increased the tensile strength of the pedicel to some degree. Seasonal differences were observed in most of the parameters studied.Öğe Nutrient contents of 140 Ruggeri rootstock canes in dormant season(2011) Türkmen, C.; Dardeniz, A.; Müftüo?lu, N.M.; Gökbayrak, Z.; Kabao?lu, A.This research was carried out to ascertain if there were significant differences in the mineral contents of 140 Ruggeri (140 Ru) canes collected during dormant period. Cuttings of the rootstock 140 Ru prepared for propagation of grafted grapevines were profiled for their mineral contents during two dormant seasons. Cuttings were sampled at four different times starting from leaf fall and divided into five sections. Mineral content changes in the dormant season and along the length of the canes were found to be significant to a limited extent (P value=0.05). The results showed that mineral content in 140 Ru rootstock canes slightly varied with sampling time and sampling section.Öğe Occurrence of star flowers in Cardinal (Vitis vinifera L.) cv(2009) Gökbayrak, Z.; Dardeniz, A.; Söylemezo?lu, G.; Kizilcik, S.Star flowers are flowers that differ from normal Vitis flowers in that the calyptra breaks open from the top like the flowers of most other species plants. This is the first report of the occurrence of star flowers in Turkey. Star flowers were observed in Cardinal (Vitis vinifera L.). The structural features are compared to normal flowers. A genetic analysis using RAPD-PCR was performed to determine if there was a genetic difference between the vines nearing two flower types. There were some minor morphological differences, but RAPD analysis did not show any genetic dissimilarities. Inflorescences appeared more compact on star flowered vines due to shorter pedicels in flowers. Fruit set was also extremely low. This formation is reported in different regions of the world on different cultivars. This might be more common that previously thought. It warrants further research. © 2009 Academic Journals.Öğe Use of morphological markers to identify foliar disease resistance in grapevine(2010) Gökbayrak, Z.; Özer, C.; Söylemezo?lu, G.Morphological characteristics of 324 vines, developed from a cross between 'Italia' and 'Mercan' grapevine varieties with various levels resistance to powdery and downy mildew were examined for a possible association with disease resistance using a tree-based discriminant analysis. Petiole coloration was the main discriminant for downy mildew. When the pigmentation was low, anthocyanin coloration of the tip was needed to screen susceptible plants from the resistant ones. With the anthocyanin pigmentation medium to strong, 63.5% of the plants were selected as resistant. Plants with darker petiole color required mature leaf profile and width of the petiolar sinus to be factored in to successfully discriminate the susceptible ones from the resistant plants. Anthocyanin coloration of the tip was the main discriminant variable for powdery mildew. Alongside of a strongly colored shoot tip, the petiole color and the shape of the mature leaf blade had to be incorporated into selection process. It seems that anthocyanin in petioles or shoot tip might play a role selecting resistant or susceptible genotypes from the population.
