Yazar "Frese, Steven A." seçeneğine göre listele

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    Bovine Colostrum and Its Potential for Human Health and Nutrition
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Arslan, Ayşenur; Kaplan, Merve; Duman, Hatice; Bayraktar, Ayşe; Karav, Sercan; Ertürk, Melih; Henrick, Bethany M.; Frese, Steven A.
    Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrum as having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations.
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    Identification and comparison of N-glycome profiles from common dietary protein sources
    (Elsevier, 2025) Bolino, Matthew; Avci, Izzet; Kayili, Haci Mehmet; Duman, Hatice; Salih, Bekir; Karav, Sercan; Frese, Steven A.
    The N-glycomes of bovine whey, egg white, pea, and soy protein isolates are described here. N-glycans from four protein isolates were analyzed by HILIC high performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-FLD-QTOF-MS/MS). In total, 33 N-glycans from bovine whey and egg white and 10 N-glycans from soy and pea glycoproteins were identified. The type of N-glycans per glycoprotein source were attributable to differences in biosynthetic glycosylation pathways. Animal glycoprotein sources favored a combination of complex and hybrid glycan configurations, while the plant proteins were dominated by oligomannosidic N-glycans. Bovine whey glycoprotein isolate contained the most diverse N-glycans by monosaccharide composition as well as structure, while plant sources such as pea and soy glycoprotein isolates contained an overlap of oligomannosidic N-glycans. The results suggest N-glycan structure and composition is dependent on the host organism which are driven by the differences in N-glycan biosynthetic pathways.
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    Potential Applications of Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidases From Bifidobacterium longum Subspecies infantis in Designing Value-Added, Next-Generation Infant Formulas
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Duman, Hatice; Kaplan, Merve; Arslan, Ayşenur; Şahutoglu, Arif Sercan; Karav, Sercan; Kayılı, Hacı Mehmet; Frese, Steven A.
    Human milk is the optimal source of infant nutrition. Among many other health benefits, human milk can stimulate the development of a Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome through human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). In recent years, the development of novel formulas has placed particular focus on incorporating some of the beneficial functional properties of human milk. These include adding specific glycans aimed to selectively stimulate the growth of Bifidobacterium. However, the bifidogenicity of human milk remains unparalleled. Dietary N-glycans are carbohydrate structures conjugated to a wide variety of glycoproteins. These glycans have a remarkable structural similarity to HMOs and, when released, show a strong bifidogenic effect. This review discusses the biocatalytic potential of the endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase enzyme (EndoBI-1) from Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis (B. infantis), in releasing N-glycans inherently present in infant formula as means to increase the bifidogenicity of infant formula. Finally, the potential implications for protein deglycosylation with EndoBI-1 in the development of value added, next-generation formulas are discussed from a technical perspective.
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    Reduced colonic mucin degradation in breastfed infants colonized by Bifidobacteriumlongum subsp. infantis EVC001
    (Wiley, 2018) Karav, Sercan; Casaburi, Giorgio; Frese, Steven A.
    Mucin glycoproteins play an important role in protecting the gut epithelium by keeping gut microbes from direct contact with the gut epithelium while allowing for diffusion of small molecules from the lumen to the epithelium. The mucin glycocalyx can be degraded by gut bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia, but other bacteria, such as Bifidobacteriumlongum subsp. Infantis, cannot consume mucin glycans. Untargeted mass spectrometry profiles were compared to microbiome profiles to assess how different gut microbiomes affect colonic mucin degradation. Samples obtained from nine infants colonized by Bifidobacteriuminfantis EVC001 and from 10 infants colonized by higher levels of mucolytic taxa (controls), including Bacteroides, were compared. Previously performed untargeted nano-high-performance liquid chromatography-chip/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to detect and quantify glycans originating from colonic mucin. Colonic mucin-derived O-glycans from control infants composed 37.68% (+/- 3.14% SD) of the total glycan structure pool, whereas colonic mucin-derived O-glycans made up of only 1.78% (+/- 0.038% SD) of the total in B.infantis EVC001 samples. The relative abundance of these colonic mucin-derived O-glycans in the total glycan pool was higher among control, 26.98% (+/- 8.48% SD), relative to B.infantis-colonized infants, 1.68% (+/- 1.12% SD). Key taxa, such as Bacteroidaceae, were significantly and positively correlated with the abundance of these structures, while Bifidobacteriaceae were significantly and negatively associated with these structures. These results suggest that colonization of infants by B.infantis may diminish colonic glycan degradation and help maintain barrier function in the gastrointestinal tract of infants.
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    Thoroughbred mare's milk exhibits a unique and diverse free oligosaccharide profile
    (Wiley, 2018) Karav, Sercan; Salcedo, Jaime; Frese, Steven A.; Barile, Daniela
    The Thoroughbred is among the most valuable horse breeds, and its husbandry is a major industry. Mare's milk plays a major role in the health of neonatal foals. Although the main components of mare's milk are broadly characterized, free oligosaccharides (OS), which possess various bioactivities in many mammalian milks, have not been fully profiled in Thoroughbreds. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify OS in Thoroughbred mare's milk during the first week of lactation, when foals typically consume mare's milk exclusively. A total of 48 OS structures (including isomers and anomers), corresponding to 20 unique compositions, were identified by nano LC-Chip QToF-MS and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. Neutral OS were the most abundant glycans (58.3%), followed by acidic OS containing Neu5Ac (33.3%), a minor presence of fucosylated OS structures (6.25%) and one structure containing NeuGc (2.1%). Comparison with other well-characterized mammalian milks revealed that mare's milk shared 8 OS structures with human, bovine, pig and goat milk (i.e., 2 sialyllactose isomers, 3 hexose, LNH, LNT, and OS with the composition 3 Hex-1 Neu5Ac). Additionally, there were seven unique OS not previously found in other mammal milks. During the first 7 days of lactation, the percentage of neutral and fucosylated OS increased, whereas acidic OS decreased and the total OS concentration ranged from 217.8 mg.L-1 to 79.8 mg.L-1.