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    677C>T and 1298A>C Polymorphisms of Methylenetetrahydropholate Reductase Gene and Biochemical Parameters in Turkish Population with Spina Bifida Occulta
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2010) Eser, Betul; Cosar, Murat; Eser, Olcay; Erdogan, Mujgan O.; Aslan, Adem; Yildiz, Handan; Boyaci, Gazi
    AIM: This study aimed to investigate the 677C>T and 1298A>C MTHFR gene polymorphisms and their metabolic effects on the levels of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in the serum of Turkish spina bifida occulta (SBO) patients and healthy individuals in disease. MATERIAL and METHODS: A case-control study was performed to detect 677C>T and 1298A>C MTHFR gene polymorphisms in 39 SBO patients and 34 healthy individuals. The folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations in the serum of SBO and healthy individuals were evaluated and compared with MTHFR gene polymorphisms. RESULTS: 677 CC/CT/TT MTHFR genotype frequency differences between the SBO patients and controls were not significant (x(2)=3.325, P=0.068; x(2)=1.479, P=0.224; x(2)=0.275, P=0.600; respectively). 1298A>C MTHFR genotype frequency differences between the SBO patients and controls were significant (x(2)=8.477, P=0.004). The frequencies of the A and C alleles of the 1298A>C polymorphism did not differ in a statistically significant manner between the groups (x(2)=0.576, P=0.448). The biochemical parameters were not significantly different between SBO patients and healthy individuals (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The 677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene cannot be regarded as major risk factors for SBO in the Turkish patients 677TT homozygosity may affect the metabolism of homocysteine.
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    Basilar artery angulation and vertigo due to the hemodynamic effect of dominant vertebral artery
    (Churchill Livingstone, 2008) Cosar, Murat; Yaman, Mehmet; Eser, Olcay; Songur, Ahmet; Ozen, Oguz A.
    Vertebral arteries form the basilar artery at the pontobulbar junction. The vertebral artery may have dominancy in one of them. The branches of basilar arteries supply blood for the vestibular nuclei and its connections. Vertigo is seen generally in the upper middle aged patients. Vertigo can be observed in dolichoectasia of basilar artery such as angulation and elongation, because of the diminished blood supply and changed hemodynamic factors of vestibular nuclei and its connections. We hypothesized that angulation or elongation of basilar artery can be estimated according to the unilateral vertebral artery dominant hypertensive patients. The basilar artery can angulate from the dominant side of vertebral artery to the recessive side. These angulation and elongation can effect the hemodynamic factors in absence of growing collateral arteries. So, the vertigo attacks may occur in these patients. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Dog bite causing ischemia and neurological deficit at the upper extremity
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2008) Eser, Olcay; Kocaogullari, Cevdet Ugur; Cosar, Murat; Emmiler, Mustafa; Cekirdekci, Ahmet
    We present a case with median and radial nerve injuries together with brachial artery occlusion after a dog bite that is seen rarely in the literature. A 26 year-old man was admitted to our emergency department with a complaint of dog bite and weakness of fingers at the left upper extremity. There were bite impressions at the left arm. The physical examination of the patient revealed no brachial and radial artery pulse. The neurological examination revealed radial and median nerve deficits. The patient underwent a thromboembolectomy operation following laboratory and radiological evaluations. The nerve injuries were evaluated as partial and medical treatment was administered.
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    Dog bite causing Ischemia and neurological deficit at the upper extremity: A case report
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Society, 2008) Eser, Olcay; Kocao?ullari, Cevdet U?ur; Coşar, Murat; Emmiler, Mustafa; Çekirdekçi, Ahmet
    We present a case with median and radial nerve injuries together with brachial artery occlusion after a dog bite that is seen rarely in the literature. A 26 year-old man was admitted to our emergency department with a complaint of dog bite and weakness of fingers at the left upper extremity. There were bite impressions at the left arm. The physical examination of the patient revealed no brachial and radial artery pulse. The neurological examination revealed radial and median nerve deficits. The patient underwent a thromboembolectomy operation following laboratory and radiological evaluations. The nerve injuries were evaluated as partial and medical treatment was administered.
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    Increased Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy of the Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
    (Kamla-Raj Enterprises, 2016) Eser, Betul; Eser, Olcay; Simsek, Nejdet; Bulbul, Erdogan; Guven, Mustafa
    This paper shows an investigation of the expressions of MMP-3,-13 and their polymorphisms in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Hypertrophied LF tissues and peripheral bloods were obtained from 50 patients with LSS. The expressions of MMP-3,-13 and their polymorphisms were analyzed. No relationship was found between thickness of LFs and MMP-3,-13 genotypes. LF tissues were divided to three groups as grade 1, 2 and 3. Rich elastic fibrils were observed in grade 1. Elastic fibers and elastin/collagen rates decreased in grade 2-3 and 4, and collagen fibers increased and presented a cystic degeneration. MMP-3 immunopositive cells were higher than MMP-13. A correlation between LF thicknesses and MMP-3 was detected. Both MMP-3, -13 were expressed (MMP-3 in higher quantities) in high grade hypertrophied LF. The researchers expect that this paper would provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of LF hypertrophy and lead to therapeutic alternatives for LSS patients.
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    Intracerebral hematoma complicated with brain abscess in an infant - Case report
    (Japan Neurosurgical Soc, 2008) Eser, Olcay; Cosar, Murat; Aslan, Adem; Koken, Resit; Aktepe, Fatma; Esert, Betul
    A 45-day-old infant presented with a rare case of intracerebral hematoma complicated with brain abscess which developed after vitamin K deficiency. He was admitted to our emergency department with complaints of fever and confusion. Physical, neurological, and laboratory examinations and cranial computed tomography identified vitamin K deficiency and intracerebral hematoma. He started to suffer convulsions. The patient underwent surgery. A brain abscess was discovered with an intracerebral hematoma. The intracerebral hematoma and abscess were evacuated and antibiotic therapy was initiated. Convulsions became rare and were controlled with midozalam administration. Follow-up computed tomography after 6 months showed encephalomalacic changes in the temporoparietal area. If feeding depends only on human milk, the amount of vitamin K prophylaxis given to neonates should be increased to support vitamin K related factors.
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    Intradiploic cavernous hemangioma of the skull in a child: a case report
    (Springer, 2008) Cosar, Murat; Eser, Olcay; Aslan, Adem; Korkmaz, Serhat; Boyaci, Gazi; Aktepe, Fatma
    Introduction Intradiploic cavernous hemangioma of the skull is seen rarely. Intradiploic cavernous hemangiomas arise from the intrinsic vasculature of the bone and generally picks up at the fourth and fifth decades. Discussion and conclusion In this report, we present a 16-year-old child who was admitted with a swelling lesion in the right parietal bone and diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma after total extirpation.
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    The analyses of C677T and A1298C Polymorphisms on the MTHFR gene and Factor V Leiden mutation in Pseudotumor Cerebri Patients
    (Gene Therapy Press, 2013) Cosar, Murat; Eser, Betul; Erdogan, Mujgan Ozdemir; Eser, Olcay; Aslan, Adem; Yildiz, Handan; Korkmaz, Serhat
    Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic factors which may cause to thrombosis such as C677T and A1298C methylen-thetrahydropholate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and Factor V Leiden mutation. Methods: A case-control study was performed to detect C677T and A1298C MTHFR and Factor V Leiden gene polymorphisms in 30 patients which have headache and prediagnosed as pseudotumor cerebri (PC) after neurological examination and cranial magnetic resonance imaging. The intracranial pressures of the patients were measured via lumbar punction and 16 of 30 patients were diagnosed as PC and the rest 14 patients diagnosed as normal patients (control group). The C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene and Factor V Leiden polymorphisms in PC and normal patients were analyzed. Results: The 677 CC/CT and 677 CC/TT MTHFR genotypes between the PC patients and controls were significant. However, 677 CT/TT MTHFR genotypes between the PC patients were not significant. We were not found 677 TT genotype in control groups. We compared 1298 AA/AC/CC genotype frequencies between the PC patients and controls groups, and the difference was not significant. There were no participants with AA genotype of Factor V Leiden. A significant association was not found between GA/GG of Factor V Leiden genotypes between PC patients and controls groups. (chi(2)=0.01, P=0.72). Conclusion: We think that C677T polymorphisms of the MTHFR can be regarded as a risk factor for PC patients. However, A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR and factor V Leiden polymorphisms cannot be regarded as major risk factors for PC in the Turkish population.
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    The influence of dexmedetomidine on ischemic rat hippocampus
    (Elsevier, 2008) Eser, Olcay; Fidan, Huseyin; Sahin, Onder; Cosar, Murat; Yaman, Mehmet; Mollaoglu, Hakan; Songur, Ahmet
    In our study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine on oxidantantioxidant systems, pro -inflammatory cytokine TNF-a and number of apoptotic neurons on hippocampus and dentate gyrus after transient global cerebral I/R injury. Eighteen rats divided into 3 groups, equally. Group I rats were used as shams. For group II and III rats, they were prepared for transient global cerebral ischemia using a four-vessel- occlusion model. 5 mL/kg/h 0.9% sodium chloride was infused to the Group II and 3 Pg/kg/h/5 ml dexmedetomidine was infused to the Group III for 2 h after I/R injury. The levels of MDA and NO and activities of SOD and CAT were measured in the left hippocampus tissue. The levels of TNF-a concentration were measured in the plasma. The number of apoptotic neurons was counted by TUNNEL method in histological samples of right hippocampus tissue. MDA and NO levels increased in Group II compared with Group I rats (p=0.002, p=0.002, respectively). In group III, MDA and NO levels decreased as compared to Group 11 (p=0.015, p=0.002, respectively). SOD and CAT activities increased in Group III as compared to Group II rats (p = 0.002, p = 0.002, respectively). The decrease in TNF-a levels of group III was significant as compared to group II (p=0.016). The number of apoptotic neurons in group III was lower than Group II rats. Our study showed that dexinedetomidine has a neuroprotective effect on hippocampus and dentate gyrus of rats after transient global cerebral I/R injury. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    The protective effect of avocado soybean unsaponifilables on brain ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat prefrontal cortex
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Eser, Olcay; Songur, Ahmet; Yaman, Mehmet; Cosar, Murat; Fidan, Huseyin; Sahin, Onder; Mollaoglu, Hakan
    Object. We investigated the protective effects of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) after global brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods. Rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups as follows: Group I was control rats, Group II was ischemia rats, Group III was Isch+ASU rats. Brain ischemia was produced via four-vessel occlusion model. These processes followed by reperfusion for 30 min for both II and III groups. Rats were sacrificed and their brains were removed immediately. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in left PFC, levels of TNF-alpha concentration were measured in the plasma. The number of apoptotic neurons was assayed in histological samples of the right PFC. Results. MDA and TNF-alpha levels as well as the number of apoptotic neurons were observed to have decreased significantly in Group III compared to Group II, while SOD activities have been found to have increased significantly in Group III in comparison to Group II, significantly. Conclusions. We think that ASU might have an antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in brain I/R injured rats.
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    The protective effect of fish n-3 fatty acids on cerebral ischemia in rat prefrontal cortex
    (Springer-Verlag Italia Srl, 2008) Ozen, Oguz Aslan; Cosar, Murat; Sahin, Onder; Fidan, Huseyin; Eser, Olcay; Mollaoglu, Hakan; Alkoc, Ozan
    This study presents neuroprotective effects of fish n-3 EFA on the prefrontal cortex after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Eighteen rats divided into three groups. Group A rats were used as control. Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was produced in rats either on a standard diet (Group B) or a standard diet plus fish n-3 EFA for 14 days (Group C). The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured and the number of apoptotic neurons was counted. The levels of MDA and activities of SOD increased in Group B rats as compared to Group A rats, and decreased in Group C rats as compared to Group B rats. The activities of CAT increased in Group C as compared to Group B rats. The number of apoptotic neurons in the prefrontal cortex was lower in Group C as compared to Group B rats.
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    Vertebral body pneumatocyst in the cervical spine and review of the literature
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2008) Cosar, Murat; Eser, Olcay; Aslan, Adem; Korkmaz, Serhat; Boyaci, Gazi; Degirmenci, Bumin; Albayrak, Ramazan
    A pneumatocyst in the cervical spine is extremely rare and to our knowledge only a few reports have been published in the English literature. Although the etiology and natural course of vertebral body pneumatocyst is unclear, nitrogen gas accumulation is claimed. A 65-year-old-man was admitted to the emergency department with neck pain and numbness and incapacity in his both hands and fingers. The radiological images revealed a vertebral located pneumatocyst in the C4 cervical vertebra. In this report, we present a case of cervical pneumatocyst located in the C4 vertebral body. The clinical and radiological features and natural course of the pneurnatocyst were evaluated.