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Öğe Armutlu Yarımadası kuzey kesiminin jeolojisi, genç tektoniği ve bölgenin jeotermal kaynakları(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2007) Ertekin, Can; Baba, Alper; Yiğitbaş, ErdinçBu projenin araştırma konusu, Armutlu yarımadası kuzey kesiminin genç tektoniği ve bölgenin jeotermal kaynakları, özellikle de jeotermal alan ve bölgenin tektoniği arasındaki ilişkidir. Bu çalışmanın ilk adımı, stratigrafik özellikleri anlayabilmek için, Armutlu metamorfik topluluğu, bölgeye ait volkanikler ve temel kayaya göre genç olan çökelleri içine alan bir jeolojik çalışma olarak planlanmıştır. Buna ek olarak bölgesel tektoniğin kavranması yalnızca jeomorfolojik özellikler için değil aynı zamanda jeotermal sistem içinde gereklidir. Bilimsel çalışmanın ikinci adımı hidrojeolojik özelliklerle ilgilidir; jeotermal kaynakların fayların çeşitlerine bağlı olarak dağılımı, fayların çeşitleri ve hidrojeokimyasal özellikler arasındaki ilişkiler...vb. Pek çok çalışma jeotermal hidrojeoloji üzerinde yoğunlaşmasına rağmen, aslında çalışma alanından elde edilecek jeolojik veriler jeotermal sistemin yeniden değerlendirilmesi için kullanılabilir böylece geçerli olan jeotermal model gözden geçirilerek yeni bir model önerilebilir. Anahtar Sözcükler: jeotermal hidrojeoloji; jeotermal su kimyası; kimyasal jeotermometreler; akışkan-mineral dengesi, Armutlu Yarımadası; TürkiyeÖğe Characterization of a Landslide using Seismic Refraction, Electrical Resistivity and Hydrometer Methods, Adatepe - Canakkale, NW Turkey(Environmental Engineering Geophysical Soc, 2011) Bekler, Tolga; Ekinci, Yunus Levent; Demirci, Alper; Erginal, Ahmet Evren; Ertekin, CanSeismic refraction and electrical resistivity surveys were carried out to characterize a landslide that occurred near the Canakkale-Lapseki-Bursa highway, in northwest Turkey. Hydrometer analyses were also performed to highlight the composition of the slip surface material. The combined interpretation of the methods yielded the mass of the landslide body and the possible subsurface nature of a basal slip plane. Sediment-size fraction maps show that the slip surface material contained an excessive amount of clay. The clay-rich slipping layer was observed to a maximum depth of 4-5 in marked by a low (2-4 ohm-m) resistivity zone, contrasting with the underlying sand-rich beds with relatively higher resistivities (>6 ohm-m). A velocity variation ranging between similar to 1,250-1,500 m/s also characterized this water-saturated slipping zone. Results indicated a buried failure surface under the studied shallow slide mass, which appeared to be a prolongation of the long upward-concave slip surface of the old landslide area to the east. Thus, future reactivations can be expected along basal slip surfaces of both recent and old landslide areas, which may pose a risk for the road structure and vehicular traffic along the active Canakkale-Lapseki-Bursa highway.Öğe Delineation of the seawater-freshwater interface from the coastal alluvium of Kaleköy-Gökçeada, NW Turkey(2008) Ekinci, Yunus Levent; Demirci, Alper; Ertekin, CanIn this study, combined geophysical methods were performed to determine layered seawater-freshwater interface which is under natural conditions through a semipervious layer in a coastal alluvium of Gökçeada-Turkey. The surveyed area named Kaleköy is located in the northeastern part of Gökçeada. Electrical resistivity tomography technique with using dipole-dipole electrode configuration was performed over two profiles. The interpretation of the two-dimensional inversion of the acquired resistivity data delineated the seawater-freshwater interface successfully. Additionally to the resistivity data, two-dimensional seismic refraction tomography survey was also conducted to characterize the alluvium properties in terms of saturation conditions. It was determined that the soil is characterized with unconsolidated sediments. This study yielded useful information about the geometry of seawater body under the freshwater. The interface was determined at the depth of 7-8 in approximately and presents an undulated surface. Moreover, it was observed that seawater intruded far distant than the length of the survey area (>150 m). © 2008 Asian Network for Scientific Information.Öğe Evaluating Scientific Value of Geodiversity for Natural Protected Sites: the Biga Peninsula, Northwestern Turkey(Springer Heidelberg, 2018) Cetiner, Ziya Sedat; Ertekin, Can; Yiğitbaş, ErdinçThis study aims to report on an inventory of geodiversity features of natural protected sites distributed in the Biga Peninsula in Northwestern Anatolia (Turkey). There are 37 natural sites with their own data sets. Data of the sites describing their boundaries and administrative features were acquired from the national authority. The criteria scale was established for geoscience value for the methodology applied. A conceptual (qualitative) geosite inventory was established for intrinsic geosite potential according to representativeness, rarity, integrity, and scientific knowledge. Then, a semi-quantitative assessment was carried out to compare and parameterize the potential geosites in the scope of representativeness, key locality, geological diversity, rarity, integrity, scientific knowledge, and limitations. From these results, a total of seven sites is highlighted due to their scores for different geodiversity assets. The sites located inland represent endogenous assets labeled lithological, fault, or geothermal, whereas the sites located along the coast are dominated by their exogenous asset (lagoon formation) or simply a geomorphological feature.Öğe Geoelectrical survey over perched aquifers in the northern part of Upper Sakarya River Basin, Turkiye(Groundwater Science & Engineering Ltd, 2022) Ertekin, Can; Ulugergerli, Emin U.In this study, a groundwater exploration survey was conducted using the DC Resistivity (DCR) method in a hydrogeological setting containing a perched aquifer. DCR data were gathered and an electrical tomography section was recovered using conventional four-electrode instruments with a Schlumberger array and a two-dimensional (2D) inversion scheme. The proposed scheme was tested over a synthetic three-dimensional (3D) subsurface model before deploying it in a field situation. The proposed method indicated that gathering data with simple four-electrode instruments at stations along a line and 2D inversion of datasets at multiple stations can recover depth intervals of the studied aquifer in the hydrogeological setting even if it has a 3D structure. In this study, 2D inversion of parallel profiles formed a pseudo-3D volume of the subsurface resistivity structures and mapped out multiple resistive (>25 ohm center dot m) bodies at shallow (between 50-100 m) and deep sections (>150 m). In general, the proposed method is convenient to encounter geological units that have limited vertical and spatial extensions in any direction and presents resistivity contrast from groundwater-bearing geologic materials.Öğe Geoheritage in a Mythical and Volcanic Terrain: an Inventory and Assessment Study for Geopark and Geotourism, Nemrut Volcano (Bitlis, Eastern Turkey)(Springer, 2021) Ertekin, Can; Ekinci, Yunus Levent; Büyüksaraç, Aydın; Ekinci, RezzanMt. Nemrut (Nemrut volcano or caldera) is a quiescent Quaternary volcano situated in Eastern Anatolia (Turkey) near the western shore of Lake Van. The onset of Nemrut volcanism comprised lava flows and the formation of peripheral silicic doming representing the pre-caldera stage. After the syn-caldera stage (caldera-forming), which entailed widespread pyroclastics, the post-caldera stage produced peralkaline-type rocks, ash eruptions, and rift activities with basalt- and rhyolite (comendite)-type lava flows; a lava lake represents the latest volcanic activity (1441, 1597, and 1692 ad). The scope of this study involves building an inventory and assessing the site-specific geodiversity elements of Nemrut volcano that are relevant for geotourism use and geopark development. Nemrut volcano produces diverse abiotic elements with geomorphologic, structural, lithologic, and hydrologic values. The domes (Kirkor and Kale) and the Nemrut camels are geomorphological geosites. The lakes (hot and cold lakes) are hydrological geosites. The rift zone includes geosites with lithologic elements. The Nemrut caldera geosite consists of different amalgamations of abiotic elements. The method of Brilha (2016) was used to assess the geosites of Nemrut volcano. The average scientific value and geotourism use (potential touristic use) scores for all geosites are 3.16 and 2.32, respectively. The scientific values are greatest for the geosites of the caldera (3.60) and the lakes (3.40). The highest geotourism scores match well with the highest scientific value scores, obtained for the caldera and the lakes. The geological diversity indicator, a sub-component of the scientific value, is remarkably high for the caldera geosite (0.2) compared to the other geosites (0.0). The uniqueness (a geo-patrimonial criterion), bio-cultural and aesthetic scores highly influence the geotourism scores for the geosites of the caldera, lakes and rift zone compared to the scores of the other geosites. We propose that Nemrut volcano, and especially the geosites of Nemrut caldera and the lakes, has significant geopark and geoheritage values. Nemrut volcano, a proposed geopark site, exhibits the most recent volcanism in Anatolia and is among the geoparks included in the European Geoparks Network. The volcano is registered as a Ramsar site and supports vulnerable and endangered species (Melanitta fusca and endemic plants). The volcano is also a distinctive cultural landscape with a mythical origin and is relatively close to the touristic sites of the ruins of Urartu, an archaic kingdom in the northern part of the ancient Near East extending into portions of Eastern Anatolia. Due to these cultural assets and geo-assets, Nemrut volcano is a relevant geotouristic destination. The development of this volcano into a geopark may contribute to rural development by increasing local gross domestic product (GDP) in terms of employment and touristic traffic. Additionally, we make some recommendations related to infrastructure, precautions (medical services and a warning system for natural hazards), tourism services and a geopark tourist route to increase the importance of the volcano as a geopark.Öğe Geophysical Investigation of Mount Nemrut Stratovolcano (Bitlis, Eastern Turkey) Through Aeromagnetic Anomaly Analyses(Springer Basel Ag, 2020) Ekinci, Yunus Levent; Buyuksarac, Aydin; Bektas, Ozcan; Ertekin, CanQuaternary Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, having a spectacular summit caldera and associated lakes, is located north of the Bitlis-Zagros suture zone, Eastern Turkey. Although much attention has been paid to its geology, morphology, history and biology, a detailed geophysical investigation has not been performed in this special region. Thus, we attempted to characterize the stratovolcano and the surroundings using total field aeromagnetic anomalies. Potential field data processing techniques helped us to interpret geologic sources causing magnetic signatures. Resulting image maps obtained from some linear transformations and a derivative-based technique revealed general compatibility between the aeromagnetic anomalies and the near-surface geology of the study area. Some high amplitude magnetic anomalies observed north of the Nemrut caldera rim are associated with the latest bimodal volcanic activity marked by lava fountains and comenditic-basaltic flows occurred along the rift zone. After minimizing the high-frequency effects, a pseudogravity-based three-dimensional inversion scheme revealed that the shallowest deep-seated sources are located about 3.0 km below the ground surface. Two-dimensional normalized full gradient solutions also exposed the depths of these anomaly sources, in good agreement with the inversion results. This first geophysical study performed through aeromagnetic anomalies clearly gave insights into some main magnetized structures of the Mount Nemrut stratovolcano.Öğe Initial Assessment of Public Perception and Acceptance of Geothermal Energy Applications in Çanakkale, NW Turkey(Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Çetiner, Ziya Sedat; Ertekin, Can; Gültay, BerrinThe aim herein is to identify and analyze the public awareness and acceptance mechanisms for the successful deployment of geothermal investments in Çanakkale using geological, social and economic constraints in a well-defined questionnaire. The study employed a sequential explanatory survey to explore public perception and acceptance. The research results show that the geothermal energy resources in the Biga Peninsula, in particular, have significant potential for different uses; however they indicate that there are insufficient knowledge levels related to both what geothermal energy is and its environmental effects. © 2016 The Authors.Öğe On the effectiveness of directional derivative based filters on gravity anomalies for source edge approximation: synthetic simulations and a case study from the Aegean graben system (western Anatolia, Turkey)(Oxford Univ Press, 2013) Ekinci, Yunus Levent; Ertekin, Can; Yiğitbaş, ErdinçApproximating the locations and lateral boundaries of anomalous bodies (i.e. geological structures or contacts) is an important task in the interpretation of gravity field data. Edge-approximating algorithms based on the computation of directional derivatives are widely used for enhancing the gravity anomalies of the source bodies. These algorithms effectively aid geological mapping and interpretation by locating abrupt lateral changes in density, and may also bring out subtle details in the data without specifying any prior information about the nature and type of the sources. Therefore, some model parameters of source bodies may be estimated in this way, which may guide the inverse modelling procedure. In this paper we aim to review the effectiveness of the commonly used edge-approximating algorithms such as vertical derivative, total horizontal derivative, analytic signal, profile curvature, tilt angle and theta map in terms of their accuracy on the determination of locations and lateral boundaries of source bodies. These detections were performed on both noise-free and noisy synthetic gravity data. Additionally, a real gravity data set from a well-known geological setting, the Aegean graben system (western Turkey), was considered and the derived anomaly maps were compared with known mapped geology.Öğe On the effectiveness of directional derivative based filters on gravity anomalies for source edge approximation: synthetic simulations and a case study from the Aegean graben system (western Anatolia, Turkey) (vol 10, 035005, 2013)(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2013) Ekinci, Yunus Levent; Ertekin, Can; Yiğitbaş, Erdinç[Anstract Not Available]
