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    A new organ preservation solution for static cold storage of the liver. Amniotic fluid
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2019) Buyuk, Basak; Demirci, Tuba; Adali, Yasemen; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni
    Purpose: To evaluate the effect of amniotic fluid in liver preservation in organ transplantation, and compare it with standard preservation solutions. Methods: The groups consisted of Group 1: Ringer Lactate (RL) group, Group 2: HTK group, Group 3: UW group, Group 4: AF group. The livers of rats from Group 1, 2, 3, and 4 were perfused and placed into falcon tubes containing RL, HTK, UW, and AF solutions at +4(sic)degrees C, respectively. The tubes were stored for 12 hours in the refrigerator at +4 degrees C. Tissue samples were taken at the 6th and 12th hours for histopathological examinations of the perfused livers, and storage solutions for biochemical analyzes at 6th and 12th hours. Results: AF was shown to maintain organ viability by reducing the number of cells undergoing apoptosis. Histopathological changes such as sinusoidal dilatation, hydropic degeneration, and focal necrosis were found to be similar to the groups in which the standard organ preservation solutions were used. Additionally, the results of INOS, IL-10, and TNF-alpha, which were evaluated immunohistochemically, have been shown to be similar to the UW and HTK groups. Conclusions: AF provided conservation similar to UW and HTK in the 12-hour liver SCS process. The fact that apoptosis values are comparable to standard preservation solutions supports the success of AF in the cold storage of the liver.
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    An experimental study of ascorbic acid effects in acute renal failure under general anesthesia
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2017) Ozturk, Omur; Ustebay, Sefer; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Gunay, Murat; Adali, Yasemen; Donmez, Ilksen; Erbas, Mesut
    Purpose: To evaluate the preventive effect of ascorbic acid on sevoflurane-induced acute renal failure in an experimental rat model. Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups. Subjects were allocated into 3 groups: Group I received sevoflurane only, whereas Groups II and III had moderate (150 mg/kg) and high (300 mg/kg) doses of AA in addition to sevoflurane, respectively. Rhabdomyolysis and myohemoglobinuric ARF was formed by intramuscular administration of glycerol on the upper hind limb on the 15th minute of inhalation anesthesia. Biochemical parameters consisted of serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and protein carbonyl content. Histopathological variables were tubular necrosis, fibrin, and cast formation. Results: NGAL levels were significantly lower in Group III than Group II and Group I. On the other hand, TAC, PCO, urea and creatinine levels were notably higher in Group I compared with Groups II and III. There was a significant difference between 3 groups on frequencies of acute tubular necrosis (p=0.003), fibrin (p<0.001) and cast (p<0.001). Acute tubular necrosis and fibrin formation were more prominent in Group I. Casts were more common in Groups II and III. Conclusions: The ascorbic acid serve as a prophylactic agent against renal damage in patients receiving sevoflurane anesthesia and higher doses were associated with more apparent protective effects.
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    An experimental study on the preventive effects of N-acetyl cysteine and ozone treatment against contrast-induced nephropathy
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2018) Ozturk, Omur; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Ustebay, Sefer; Kuzucu, Mehmet; Adali, Yasemen
    Purpose: To compare the preventive effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), ozone preconditioning and ozone treatment against contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in an experimental rat model. Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into five groups (n=6 for each group). Group I served as control and Group II had only contrast agent, while Group III received NAC and Group IV received Intraperitoneal ozone 6 hours before and 6 hours after Introduction of contrast agent. Ozone treatment was applied for 5 days after the contrast agent was Introduced in Group V. After induction of CIN, groups were compared in terms of serum levels of urea, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, protein carbonyl, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as well as degree of renal Injury at histopathologic level. Results: Groups II-V displayed more obvious histopathological alterations such as hemorrhage and renal tubular Injury compared with Group I. TAC(p=0.043) and creatinine (p=0.046) levels Increased significantly in Group II after the intervention. In Group III, protein carbonyl level diminished remarkably (p=0.046), while creatinine level was increased (p=0.046) following the intervention. TAC level was higher in Group IV (p=0.028) and Group V (p=0.026) following the procedure. Conclusion: The N-acetyl cysteine and ozone treatment may alleviate the biochemical and histopathological deleterious effects of contrast-induced nephropathy via enhancement of total antioxidant capacity and decreasing oxidative stress.
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    Association of Histopathology and Hemogram Findings Following Sleeve Gastrectomy
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2019) Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Adali, Yasemen; Beseren, Hatice; Guvendi, Gulname Findik; Binnetoglu, Kenan
    Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of histopathological findings observed in removed gastric tissues on the preoperative and postoperative hemogram data. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with sleeve gastrectomy were included in the study. Histopathologic findings were compared with the hemogram values. Results: Preoperative hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT) values were significantly lower in patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) compared to those without IM (p values 0.033 and 0.036, respectively). Preoperative red blood cell (RBC) and HCT values were significantly lower in women with Helicobacter pylori compared with those without H. pylori (p values 0.031 and 0.032, respectively). In contrast, in men with H. pylori, the preoperative RBC, HGB, and HCT values were significantly higher than those without H. pylori (p values 0.007, 0.031, and 0.027, respectively). Conclusion: We found that IM and presence of H. pylori had effects on hemogram values. We suggest that preoperative H. pylori assessment can yield use in the evaluation of postoperative anemia.
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    CAN AMNIOTIC FLUID BE AN ALTERNATIVE ORGAN PRESERVATION SOLUTION FOR COLD RENAL STORAGE?
    (Asoc Regional Dialisis Trasplantes Renales, 2020) Buyuk, Basak; Demirci, Tuba; Adali, Yasemen; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni
    Introduction: Kidney-transplantation is a life-saving treatment option for patients with chronic renal failure. Preserving the viability of the organ from the removal of the organ until transplantation into the recipient is one of the most essential factors affecting postransplant success. Kidney tissue is exposed to ischemia following removal of the organ from the donor, initiating some cellular events. Amniotic fluid (AF) was previously reported as a preservation solution for the liver, but not for the kidney yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of AF as a preserving solution for rat kidneys compared with the University of Wisconsin (UW) and Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK), which are reported to be the most commonly used and preferred preserving solutions. Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats were used in this study in four experimental groups. Group 1: Ringer Lactate (RL, Control) group, Group 2: HTK group, Group 3: UW group, and Group 4: AF group. A midline incision was performed, and the renal artery was isolated under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia. Solutions relevant for groups (cooled to + 4 degrees C) were used for kidney perfusion. Nephrectomy was applied, and the removed kidneys were placed into + 4 degrees C standard organ storage solution and stored at + 4 degrees C for 12 hours. After 12 hours of storage, samples from the kidney tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Histopathological, immunohistochemistry evaluation and apoptosis detection via TUNEL method were performed. Results: The results of the AF group were close to those of the UW and HTK groups. Tubular necrosis and vacuolization were high in the RL solution group when compared to the other experimental groups. Immunohistochemistry staining for all three markers (TNF-alpha, IL-18, and iNOS) was decreased in the amniotic fluid group, similar to the UW and HTK groups. Also, the number of apoptotic cells was decreased in the AF group compared to control. Conclusions: UW, HTK, and AF had similar and higher protective effects compared to the RL solution. Thus, AF may be used as an inexpensive and readily available alternative natural tissue preservation solution.
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    Comparison of tru-cut biopsy and fine-needle aspiration cytology in an experimental alcoholic liver disease model
    (Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2020) Adali, Yasemen; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Makav, Mustafa; Karayol, Sunay Sibel; Guvendi, Gulname Findik; Gok, Mustafa
    INTRODUCTION: Liver biopsies such as tru-cut (sharp needle) and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are the most commonly preferred techniques to detect the grade and stage of certain liver diseases. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficiency of USG-guided tru-cut biopsy and fine-needle aspiration cytology in an experimental alcoholic liver disease model. METHODS: Thirty-six female Wistar albino rats, 4-6 months old, and weighing from 190 to 250 g, were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into six equal groups: GI (control), G2 (tru-cut control), G3 (FNAC control), G4 (Alcoholic liver disease model), G5 (Alcoholic liver disease model + FNAC), and G6 (Alcoholic liver disease model + tru-cut biopsy). After a histopathological evaluation by light microscopy, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of FNAC and tru-cut biopsy for the diagnosis of liver lesions were calculated. RESULTS: No pathology was detected in GI except for mild congestion. On the other hand, hepatocyte damage, periportal inflammation, congestion, and fatty changes were detected in all liver tissues of the alcoholic liver disease groups. The sensitivity of hepatocyte damage, inflammation, congestion, and fatty change parameters for FNAC were 33.3%, 80%, 0%, and 0%, respectively, while the sensitivity of the same variables for tru-cut were 66.7%, 40%, 100%, and 20%, respectively. DISCUSSION: Both techniques were superior in some aspects. FNAC can be an attractive alternative to tru-cut biopsy and applied in routine practice in the diagnosis of non-tumoral liver diseases.
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    Effect of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) seed-based diet on rats: A comprehensive evaluation of hemogram, biochemistry, and histopathology
    (Wiley, 2024) Craine, Evan B.; Makav, Mustafa; Dag, Serpil; Yildiz, Ayfer; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Kuru, Buket Boga; Bektasoglu, Fikret
    Sainfoin species (Onobrychis spp.) have been employed for centuries as an essential forage for ruminant animals, both for grazing and as hay. The seeds produced by sainfoin have also been investigated as an animal feed source and were indicated to be a particularly protein-rich supplement for monogastric animals. This study explores the effects of two sainfoin seed inclusion rates in rat diets compared to a control diet, focusing on blood biochemical parameters and a comprehensive histopathological evaluation of multiple organ systems. Thus, we provide a novel contribution to the body of evidence investigating sainfoin seeds as a protein supplement in monogastric animal diets. In this 21-day experiment, seven rats each were assigned to the control group, a 5% sainfoin seed group, and a 10% sainfoin seed group. The control group received standard feed and water; the second group received feed with 5% sainfoin seeds; and the third group received feed with 10% sainfoin seeds. At the experiment's end, necropsies and evaluations were conducted. Histopathological exams revealed normal organ structures in all 21 samples, regardless of the group. Blood analysis showed statistically significant decreases in creatine, ALT, P, Ca, and Mg levels in the sainfoin seed groups compared to the control group, with most values nearing reference levels, suggesting potential benefits. Notably, no adverse effects were observed when sainfoin seeds were included at 5% and 10% in the rat feed. These findings contribute to a growing body of research investigating the inclusion of sainfoin seeds in monogastric animal diets, which is a foundational component of assessing sainfoin's potential as a novel pulse crop for human consumption.
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    Effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on liver and kidney tissue in chronic arsenic toxicity
    (Undersea & Hyperbaric Medical Soc Inc, 2022) Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Buyuk, Basak; Oztopuz, Ozlem; Makav, Mustafa; Aydeger, Cemre
    Arsenic (As) is a toxic substance that damages the human body through exposure to drinking water. This exposure damages many organs and tissues in the body, especially the liver and kidneys. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy is a treatment method that acts by reducing oxidative stress parameters in tissues with high-pressure oxygen. Based on this, our study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of HBO2 on liver and kidney tissues with chronic arsenic toxicity. In the study 24 male Wistar albino rats (220-300 g, two to three months old) were equally divided into four groups: Control; As; HBO2; and As+ HBO2. All animals were housed in individual cages. The toxicity model was created by adding arsenic to drinking water at a dose of 5 mg/kg/ day for 60 days. HBO2 was applied 2 ATA pressure for 90 minutes a day for five days. At the end of the study, liver and kidney tissues were taken and stored for analysis. In liver tissue, histopathological showed that arsenic reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, sinusoidal congestion, and hydropic degeneration, while HBO2 increased these measures. Similar results were found by TUNEL method. In kidney tissue, both histopathologic and TUNEL method examinations found similar results with the liver: The As group was more damaged than the As+ HBO2 group.
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    Effects of Ozone and L-Carnitine on Kidney MDA, GSH, and GSHPx Levels in Acetaminophen Toxicity
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020) Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Makav, Mustafa; Adali, Yasemen; Citil, Mehmet
    This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of medical ozone and L-carnitine therapy on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced kidney damage by evaluating malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and GSHPx levels. In this study, 56 rats were randomized into 8 groups with 7 rats in each group. Kidney injury was induced by the administration of a single dose N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (1 g/kg) orally.Therapeutic ozone (0.7 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (500 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally. After the therapy, the rat kidneys were homogenized, and the tissue MDA, GSH, and GSHPx levels were measured. Compared to the control groups, there were higher MDA levels in the kidney tissues only in the APAP, APAP + Ozone, and APAP + Ozone + L-carnitine groups (P<0.001). Besides, the decrease in the GSH and GSHPx levels of the kidney tissues in the study groups were significant compared to the control groups, and the highest decreases were observed in the APAP APAP + Ozone and APAP + Ozone + L-carnitine groups (P<0.001). Findings obtained from this study revealed that acetaminophen toxicity caused oxidative damage in the examined kidney tissues, and L-carnitine and/ or ozone applications for protective purposes decreased MDA levels, a product of lipid peroxidation, and increased tissue GSH levels thru GSHPx antioxidant enzyme activity. In this context, the most important protective effect was observed in the group where L-carnitine and ozone were administrated together.
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    Efficacy of Ozone and Selenium Therapy for Alcoholic Liver Injury: An Experimental Model
    (Int Inst Anticancer Research, 2019) Adali, Yasemen; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Makav, Mustafa; Guvendi, Gulname Findik
    Background/Aim: Alcoholic liver disease is an important health problem which is reversible during early stages of liver damage, but becomes permanent with time. Nowadays, many studies focus on various agents that prevent, reduce or slow the progression of the toxic effects of alcohol. In our study, we investigated the efficiency of ozone and selenium against oxidative damage in a model of alcohol-induced liver damage. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight female Wistar Albino rats between 4 and 6 months of age and weighing 190-250 g were included in the study and were used as models of alcohol liver damage. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum and tissue total oxidant levels, serum and tissue total antioxidant levels, and the histopathological evaluation of the liver were performed in 8 groups. Results: In the statistical analysis, it was observed that ozone and/or selenium therapies decreased the AST levels. Total oxidant and antioxidant serum levels were found to vary in serum and tissue. Ozone and/or selenium therapies decreased liver damage, according to histopathological findings. Conclusion: Through ozone and/or selenium therapies, less damage was observed histopathologically compared to the alcohol group. It is thought that the results of our study can be used in individual treatments following confirmation of liver damage in alcoholic patients.
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    Melatonin Improves Left Ventricular Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rats
    (Pleiades Publishing Inc, 2022) Uzun, Metehan; Oztopuz, Ozlem; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Doganlar, Oguzhan; Doganlar, Zeynep Banu; Ovali, Mehmet Akif; Demir, Ufuk
    There is increasing awareness that efficient and regular mitochondrial dynamics improvement cardiac function and affects the quality of life. Melatonin is a main pineal gland hormones and ameliorates mitochondrial dynamics in many cardiac disorders. For that purpose, we administrated melatonin to healthy rats all day long in order to investigate change in left ventricle mitochondrial dynamics both in the end of the nighttime and daytime. Twenty male Wistar rats (3-4 months age) were randomly assigned into Control (C; n = 10) and Melatonin groups (MEL; 10 mg/kg melatonin added drinking water, n = 10). On the 5th day of the study, 5 rats from the groups were randomly selected and euthanized at 08:00 AM and the remaining 5 rats were euthanized at 20:00 PM from each groups and samples of left ventricle (LV) tissue were harvested. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that melatonin acts preventive role on mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy through the DRP1/FIS1 and BNIP3/NIX axis, respectively. Additionally, melatonin administration significantly reduced P21 activation, induced cell cycle arrest, P27, finally regulated caspase-depended mitochondrial apoptosis signals in a time dependent manner. Our results suggest that melatonin may emerge as a therapeutic candidate to protect the bioenergetic dynamics of mitochondria in hearth.
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    The effects of branched chain amino acid supplement on kidney tissue of exercising rats
    (Asoc Regional Dialisis Trasplantes Renales, 2022) Aydeger, Cemre; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni
    Introduction: One of the supplements used in exercise programs are branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are preferred because of their effect on the regeneration of muscle protein synthesis. However, due to their properties, BCAAs increase their amount in the blood in a short time. In this case the result may increase the workload of the kidneys. Based on the information, this study investigated the effects of resistance exercise and BCAA supplements on kidney tissue. Methods: A total of 24 Wistar Albino male rats were equally divided into 4 groups: Control, BCAA, Exercise and Exercise + BCAA. In the six-week study, resistance swimming exercise was applied to the exercise groups. BCAA supplementation was given to BCAA groups at 2.5 mg/kg doses before exercise. At the end of the study, histological, immunochemical and RT-PCR analyzes were performed. Results: As a result of the findings, it was found that the use of BCAA supplements together with exercise caused tubular necrosis (p=0.002). There was a significant increase in caspase 3 IHC staining findings in BCAA and Exercise + BCAA groups compared to the control group (p=0.011; p=0.02). In addition, KIM-1 expression levels were higher in the Exercise group than in all other groups (p=0.004; p = 0.003; p=0.008). Conclusion: As a result, BCAA consumption with resistance exercise caused damage to kidney tissue.
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    The Investigation of the Effect of Ozone Therapy on Gout in Experimental Rat Models
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2019) Bilge, Ali; Tuysuz, Murat; Ozturk, Omur; Adali, Yasemen; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Makav, Mustafa; Atilla Uslu, Gozde
    The effect of ozone treatment in experimental rat gout arthritis was investigated. Twenty adult albino male rats were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 (Control) was followed without any medication, Group 2 (Gout control) was injected with a single dose of 0.2 mL (10 mg) monosodium urate (MSU) intraarticulary to 1st metatarsophalangeal joint to create experimental Gouty arthritis. Group 3 (Gout + Ozone) was injected intraarticulary to 1st metatarsophalangeal joint with a single dose of 0.2 mL (10 mg) MSU to generate experimental gout, followed by ozone therapy to the rats a single dose of 1 mL (10 mu g/mL) intraperitoneally daily for 3 weeks. The Group 4 (Ozone control) ozone therapy was given a single dose of 1 mL (10 mu g/mL) intraperitoneally daily for 3 weeks without gout formation. The results were recorded and compared statistically between the groups. In conclusion, the low level of inflammation in the third group (Gout + Ozone) was considered statistically significant as compared to the second group. With Ozone treatment the gout joint has been shown to have reduced acute inflammation, it has not been affected by the chronic proliferation process.
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    The Relationship Between Histopathologic Findings and Body Mass Index in Sleeve Gastrectomy Materials
    (Springer, 2019) Adali, Yasemen; Binnetoglu, Kenan; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni; Kaya, Nilhan; Guvendi, Gulname Findik
    ObjectiveFor treatment of obesity, which is one of the important health problems of the present time, lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, behavioral treatment methods, and surgical procedures are commonly used. Sleeve gastrectomy is widely used among surgical procedures. We aimed to investigate the relationship between histopathologic findings and body mass indices (BMIs) of cases with sleeve gastrectomy in our study.MethodsThirty-seven patients were included in our study who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and whose operation materials were examined histopathologically in our hospital. Two pathologists re-evaluated all gastrectomy materials. The relationship between BMI and the presence of gastritis, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM), Helicobacter pylori (HPL), and other histopathological findings was investigated.ResultsThe mean age of patients included in the study was 34.7+9.3years. Of patients, 70.3% were female and 29.7% were male. There was a statistically significant difference between BMI and IM among the evaluated histopathologic parameters. Moreover, IM was significantly more present in patients with type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsThere is no previous study investigating the relationship between gastric histopathological findings and BMI in sleeve gastrectomy patients. We think that the statistically significant difference between BMI and IM that we found in our study may shed light on studies to be performed in the future.
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    Therapeutic effect of Tarantula cubensis extract on indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in rats
    (Chulalongkorn Univ, 2020) Makav, Mustafa; Gelen, Volkan; Gedikli, Semin; Atila Uslu, Gozde; Uslu, Hamit; Eroglu, Huseyin Avni
    Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have widely been used in patients but side-effects associated with NSAID are also common. Tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) is an antiphlogistic, demarcative, homeopathic and necrotizing drug with wound healing effects in farm animals. However, the therapeutic effects of TCE on gastric ulcers has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the gastroprotective effects of TCE against indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats. A total of 28 female, Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: (i) the control group, (ii) the indomethacin (Indo) group, (iii) the TCE + Indo group, and (iv) the ranitidine + Indo group. We measured total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant capacity and oxidative stress index in the blood serum. We also measured tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, IL-8, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity level in the stomach tissue of rats. Finally, histopathology of the tissue of all groups was assessed. Immunostaining of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) was performed in the gastric tissue of all animals studied. Application of the TCE significantly decreased IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels were markedly lower than ranitidine. Thus, notable Indo-induced alterations in cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6) in rat gastric tissue were alleviated by TCE. Moreover, the gastric mucosal tissues of the TCE treated group exhibited a regular and uninterrupted mucosal layer and epithelial layer. Immunohistochemical results revealed that Indo increased 8-OHdG and NF-kB expression when compared to the control groups and treatment by TCE decreased the expression. The results obtained showed that the group receiving TCE exhibited lower gastric erosion and better efficiency than with ranitidine. These results have demonstrated that TCE provides a therapeutic effect in Indo-induced gastric ulcers in rats.