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Öğe Bor stresi altında Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh'da süperoksit dismutaz genlerin ekspresyon profillerinin belirlenmesi(TENMAK Bor Araştırma Enstitüsü, 2018) Surgun Acar, Yonca; İşkil, Rabia; Erden, YavuzBorun topraktaki eksikliği veya yüksek konsantrasyonda bulunması önemli bir abiyotik stres faktörü olabilmektedir. Arabidopsis thaliana’da Cu/ZnSOD (CSD1, CDS2, CSD3), FeSOD (FSD1, FSD2, FSD3) ve MnSOD (MSD1) genlerinden oluşan 7 farklı süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) izoformu tanımlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada amaç bor (B) eksikliği veya toksisite koşulları altında Arabidopsis thaliana (L.)’nın yaprak ve kök dokusunda antioksidan sistemin anahtar enzimi olan süperoksit dismutazı kodlayan genlerin ifade düzeylerini Real-Time PCR ile belirlenmesidir. Arabidopsis bitkileri altı hafta süreyle hidroponik kültür sisteminde yetiştirilmiş ve 48 saat borik asit (BA) içermeyen (0 µM) veya yüksek konsantrasyonda BA (3000 µM) içeren besin ortamlarında inkübe edilmiştir. B stres uygulamaları CSD1 ve FSD3 genlerinin ekspresyonunu yaprak dokusunda arttırmıştır. MSD1 geninin mRNA seviyesi yaprak dokusunda B toksisite uygulaması sonucu artarken, kök dokusunda B eksikliğinde artış göstermiştir. B eksikliği ve toksisitesi uygulamaları CSD2, FSD1 ve FSD2 genlerinin ekspresyon düzeyini dokuya bağlı olarak değiştirmiştir. Sonuç olarak, B stresinin kök ve yapraklarda farklı hücresel kompartımanlarda antioksidatif savunmayı tetiklediği ortaya koyulmuştur.Öğe Dose-dependent hemato-biochemical and genotoxic responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to flupyradifurone(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Yildirim, Onder; Acar, Umit; Tezel, Rifat; Erden, Yavuz; Bilge, Gokcen; Yapici, SercanFlupyradifurone (FPF), a systemic butenolide insecticide introduced in 2014, is increasingly used as an alternative to neonicotinoids, yet its safety for non-target aquatic organisms remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the acute and sub-lethal toxicity of FPF in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A 96-h static bioassay determined an LC50 of 140.47 mg/L. Fish were then exposed for 14 days to sub-lethal concentrations (1, 3, 5, 25, 75 and 125 mg/L) to assess hematological, biochemical, and genotoxic responses. Hematological analysis revealed significant, dose-dependent declines in red blood cells (1.71 x 106/mu L in control vs. 1.12 x 106/mu L at 125 mg/L), hemoglobin (8.34 vs. 3.34 g/dL), and hematocrit (26.08% vs. 13.73%), accompanied by reduced mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration at higher doses, indicating anemia and impaired oxygen transport. Biochemically, glucose increased sharply (102.21 mmol/L in control to 230.29 mmol/L at 125 mg/L), while triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, and albumin declined significantly, suggesting metabolic disruption. Hepatic enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase) increased markedly, with serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase rising from 36.47 U/L in controls to 144.02 U/L at 125 mg/L, indicative of hepatocellular damage. Comet assay confirmed pronounced DNA damage at >= 25 mg/L, with significant elevations in tail length, tail moment, and % DNA in tail. Collectively, these results demonstrate that FPF exposure compromises hematological health, disrupts metabolic balance, and induces genotoxicity in common carp, even at sub-lethal concentrations. Incorporating both physiological and genomic endpoints is essential for comprehensive ecological risk assessments of emerging insecticides.Öğe Evaluation of metabolic stress status in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to the fungicide folpet(Elsevier Inc., 2023) Acar, Ümit; Erden, Yavuz; İnanan, Burak Evren; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Çelik, Ekrem ŞanverAmong pesticides, fungicides are the most extensively used ones in agriculture and their effects on fish health and indirectly human health are needed to evaluate. Folpet has been used for over 50 years as a fungicide across the world. The mechanism of action of folpet on non-target aquatic organisms is so poorly understood and there is no available information about potential acute toxicity of folpet and its mechanism of action in non-target aquatic organisms. With this motivation, two successive experiments were set up: first, 96 h-LC50 value of folpet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was determined; and second, effects of different sublethal concentrations (0, 0.025, 0.50, 0.1 and 0.15 mg/L) of folpet on hematological serum biochemical blood parameters, DNA damages, expression levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cortisol receptor (HSP70) genes were evaluated in this study. It was calculated that 0.199 mg/L of folpet was the 96 h-LC50 value. After the folpet exposure for 14 days, significant decreases in red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum total protein, and GST gene expression levels were observed while serum glucose, liver enzymes activities, and expression levels of CAT, SOD, GPx, HSP70 genes increased. Also, folpet induced a significant genotoxic effect on the blood cells regarding to DNA damages. Consequently, the results have shown the toxic effects of folpet even at the lowest concentration on common carp.Öğe Mercury toxicity affects oxidative metabolism and induces stress responsive mechanisms in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)(Springer, 2022) Iskil, Rabia; Surgun-Acar, Yonca; Catav, Sukru Serter; Zemheri-Navruz, Fahriye; Erden, YavuzMercury (Hg) toxicity is an increasing problem worldwide, with a negative impact on the environment and living organisms including both animals and plants. In this study, we analyzed molecular and biochemical changes related to Hg toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Seven-day-old seedlings were exposed to various concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mu M) of HgCl2 for 24 and 48 h. Our results showed that HgCl2 treatments led to an increase in the Hg content of wheat leaves in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, significant increases were observed in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and proline contents in response to Hg toxicity. While all HgCl2 treatments decreased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the level of catalase (CAT) was reduced only in seedlings exposed to 5 mu M of HgCl2. Mercury stress caused a decline in the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD, Fe-SOD, TaWRKY19, and TaDREB1 genes at both exposure times. On the other hand, 10 and 20 mu M HgCl2 treatments caused significant induction (1.9 to 6.1-fold) in the expression of the CAT gene in wheat leaves. The mRNA level of the Mn-SOD and TaWRKY2 genes showed different patterns depending on the concentration and exposure period of HgCl2. In conclusion, the findings of this work demonstrate that Hg toxicity causes oxidative damage in wheat seedlings and changes the expression of some genes encoding WRKY and DREB transcription factor families, which have important functions in abiotic stress response.Öğe Trimebutine Mediates Cell Death by Inducing Apoptosis in P53 Mutant Human Colon Cancer Cell(Wiley, 2023) Günay, Sevilay; Erden, Yavuz; Sürgün Acar, Yonca[Anstract Not Available]
