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    Relationship between body awareness level and musculoskeletal pain complaints, physical activity level and emotional status in healthy people
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Kalkisim, Sahi Nur; Erden, Arzu; Uzun, Ozlem Kanber; Oksuz, Canan Ertemoglu; Zihni, Nihat Burak; Can, Mehmet Ali
    Introduction/Aim Defining the physical, psycho-social effects of body awareness may help to explain the functional effects. It was aimed to examine the relationship between the body awareness level and musculoskeletal pain complaints, physical activity level, and emotional state in healthy people. Materials and methods A total of 289 healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 25 were included in the study. Body awareness level was using Body Awareness Questionnaire (BAQ), musculoskeletal pain complaint using The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), physical activity levels using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short form) and emotional status using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were assessed. Results The mean age of the participants was 19.50 +/- 1.55 years. The mean pain intensity was 2.48 +/- 1.99. The BAQ score average was 91.87 +/- 15.55. Thirty percent of the participants had a mild level and 14.9% had a moderate level of depression risk. While there was a weak positive relationship between the Disease Startup sub-dimension of BAQ and the moderate-level IPAQ score (r = 0.135, p = 0.022). Also there was a weak negative relationship between Disease Startup sub-dimension and the level of depression risk. A weak positive relationship was found between the changes in the body process and attention to subjects sub-dimension and the level of depression risk (r = 0.127, p = 0.030). There was a positive correlation between level of depression risk and pain intensity (r = 0.237, p = 0.000). Body awareness levels of individuals who had back pain in the last 1 month were higher than those who did not experience pain (p = 0.029). Conclusion The results of the study showed that physical activity positively affected body awareness level. The body awareness level was directly related to the pain associated with the musculoskeletal system and emotional state. There is a need more studies examining the relationship between body awareness and pain, physical activity and emotional status with subdimensions of the BAQ.
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    Relationships between anthropometric measurements, muscle strength and body awareness
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Kalkışım, Şahi Nur; Çan, Mehmet Ali; Erden, Arzu; Uzun, Özlem; Ertemoğlu Öksüz, Canan; Zihni, Nihat Burak
    Most studies on body awareness offer data on assessment and treatment in disease situations. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between anthropometric measurements and body awareness level of healthy people. The study was carried out with 289 volunteer students between the ages of 18–25 who studied at university. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, circumference measurements and measurement rates, skinfold thicknesses. In addition, grip strength and lower limb muscle strength was evaluated. The level of body awareness was evaluated by the Body Awareness Questionnaire. The mean age of the participants included in the study was 19.34 ± 1.48. Sixty five percent were female and 35% were male. A negative correlation was found between body weight and body awareness level (p = 0.02). According to the results of canonical correlation analysis, the model created with circumference measurement rates and sub-dimensions of the Body Awareness Questionnaire was found significant. There was significantly correlated between the changes in the body process and attention to responses, which are sub-dimension, and total right measurement of the lower limb (r:0.124; p: 0.035). In addition, there was a significant relationship between sleep-wakefulness cycle and waist-to-thigh ratios (r:− 0.172; p: 0.003). Our study showed that body awareness is directly related to body weight, lower limb circumference measurements, and waist-to-thigh ratio. These data revealed the effect of body awareness on anatomical structures.