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    Öğe
    Effects of subchronic exposure to zinc nanoparticles on tissue accumulation, serum biochemistry, and histopathological changes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
    (Wiley, 2017) Kaya, Hasan; Duysak, Muge; Akbulut, Mehmet; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Guerkan, Mert; Arslan, Zikri; Demir, Veysel
    Zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) are among the least investigated NPs and thus their toxicological effects are not known. In this study, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to 1 and 10 mg/L suspensions of small size (SS, 40-60 nm) and large size (LS, 80-100 nm) ZnNPs for 14 days under semi-static conditions. Total Zn levels in the intestine, liver, kidney, gill, muscle tissue, and brain were measured. Blood serum glucose (GLU), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were examined to elucidate the physiological disturbances induced by ZnNPs. Organ pathologies were examined for the gills, liver, and kidney to identify injuries associated with exposure. Significant accumulation was observed in the order of intestine, liver, kidney, and gills. Zn levels exhibited time- and concentration-dependent increase in the organs. Accumulation in kidney was also dependent on particle size; NPs SS-ZnNPs were trapped more effectively than LS-ZnNPs. No significant accumulation occurred in the brain (p>0.05) while Zn levels in muscle tissue increased only marginally (p0.05). Significant disturbances were noted in serum GOT and LDH (p<0.05). The GPT levels fluctuated and were not statistically different from those of controls (p>0.05). Histopathological tubular deformations and mononuclear cell infiltrations were observed in kidney sections. In addition, an increase in melano-macrophage aggregation intensity was identified on the 7th day in treatments exposed to LS-ZnNPs. Mononuclear cell infiltrations were identified in liver sections for all treatments. Both ZnNPs caused basal hyperplasia in gill sections. Fusions appeared in the gills after the 7th day in fish treated with 10 mg/L suspensions of SS-ZnNPs. In addition, separations in the secondary lamella epithelia were observed. The results indicated that exposure to ZnNPs could lead to disturbances in blood biochemistry and cause histopathological injuries in the tissues of O. niloticus. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1213-1225, 2017.
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    Öğe
    Heavy Metal Accumulation, Biomarker Responses and Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress in Isopoda Asellus
    (2014) Kaya, Hasan; Akbulut, Mehmet; Selvi, Kahraman; İleri, Burcu; Duysak, Muge
    Bu çalışmada su kirliğinin Asellus aquaticus türü üzerinde oluşturabileceği muhtemel oksidatif stres, fizikokimyasal parametreler, su ve canlıda ağır metal birikimi ve canlıda biyomarkırlar birarada kullanılarakdeğerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, bazı bölgeleri evsel ve endüstriyel kirliliğe maruz kalan Sarıçay' dan 3istasyon seçilerek A. aquaticus bireyleri toplanmıştır. Örnekleme istasyonları A. aquaticus bireylerininyaşadığı, fiziko-kimyasal parametreler ve ağır metal içeriği yönünden kirli ve temiz olarak yorumlananbölgelerden seçilmiştir. Toplanan A. aquaticus örneklerinin tür tayini yapıldıktan sonra ağır metal (Cu, Fe,Cd, Pb, Zn) ve biyomarkır (Na+, K+-ATPaz, Glutatyon, TBARS) analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan su kaliteanalizlerine göre S3 istasyonu en kirli, S2 istasyonu az kirli ve S1 istasyonu temiz istasyon olarakbelirlenmiştir. Kirliliğin artışına paralel olarak glutatyon (GSH) seviyesinde S2 ve S3 istasyonlarında önemlioranlarda artışlar görülmüştür. Bununla beraber lipid peroksidasyonun göstergesi olan TBARS seviyesi ileNa,K+-ATPase enzim aktivitesinde istatistiksel bir fark belirlenmemiştir. GSH seviyesinin kirli bölgelerdegösterdiği ciddi artışlar (3 kat) su kirliliğinin A. aquaticus türünde oksidatif strese neden olduğunugöstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, kirliliğe maruz kalan nehirlerde su kirliliğinin belirlenmesi vedeğerlendirilebilmesi için ekolojik, fiziko-kimyasal ve biyokimyasal parametrelerin bir aradakullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Heavy Metal Accumulation, Biomarker Responses and Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress in Isopoda Asellus aquaticus from Saricay Creek (Canakkale-Turkey)
    (Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-Fepr, 2014) Kaya, Hasan; Akbulut, Mehmet; Selvi, Kahraman; Ileri, Burcu; Duysak, Muge
    In this study, the possible oxidative stress that water pollution may cause to Asellus aquaticus is evaluated using the physico-chemical parameters, the heavy metal concentration in the water, and organism and biochemical responses in the living organisms being combined together. For this purpose, the A. aquaticus samples are collected by choosing three stations along the Saricay Creek, some of whose regions are exposed to domestic and industrial pollution. Sampling stations are chosen from regions that are interpreted as polluted or clean according to the heavy metal content and physico-chemical parameters where the A. aquaticus individuals live. After the determination of species is performed, the heavy metal (Cu, Fe, Cd, Pb, and Zn) and biomarker (Na+/K+-ATPase, Glutathione, and TBARS) analyzes were made. According to the water quality analysis, S3 was the most polluted station, S2 was a moderately polluted station, and Si was determined as a clean station. A considerable increase in the amount of glutathione (GSH) was detected in the S2 and S3 stations in parallel with the increase of pollution. However, there were no statistical differences in the TBARS levels as an indicator of lipid peroxidation and Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme activity. The significant increase (three-fold) of the GSH levels in the polluted areas indicates that water pollution causes oxidative stress in the A. aquaticus species. These results show that ecological, physico-chemical, and biochemical parameters can be used together to identify and evaluate the water pollution in rivers that are exposed to pollution.