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    Beden Algısı İle Depresyon Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
    (Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2024) Umay, Büşra; Demiralp, Nuray; Koç, Hürmüz
    Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) ratio and depression. Method: In the study, digitally prepared survey forms were applied to 271 volunteers over the age of 24, randomly selected throughout Turkey. Participants' minimal, mild, moderate and severe depression levels were determined with the 21-question Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) prepared via Google form. The participants' BMI level was determined based on their height and body weight information. Survey forms prepared via Google form were applied between January and February 2024. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 package program was used in the statistical analysis of the data obtained. Results: Findings are presented as arithmetic mean (X) and standard deviation (SD). The significance level was accepted as p<0.05. When the BDI scores of the participants whose BMI was below and above their average (23.07±3.99) were compared, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (t:3.60, p=001). Conclusion: As a result, the higher level of depression in participants whose BMI was above the average (23.1±3.99) shows that there is a parallelism between the body perception or image expressed by BMI ratios and the level of depression.
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    Öğe
    Effect of Age 40 on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Testosterone Levels in First Response Teams
    (Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2024) Demiralp, Nuray; Umay, Büşra; Koç, Hürmüz
    Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the 40-year-old period on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors and testosterone levels in first response teams. 55 volunteers between the ages of 24-54 who work in first response teams participated in the study. The volunteers participating in the study were divided into two groups in terms of chronological age, those under 40 (G1) and those over (G2). Method: The age of the participants was determined based on their identity information. Height and body weight were measured to calculate body mass index. Waist and hip circumferences were measured with a cuffed tape measure to determine waist-hip ratio. Body fat ratio (%) was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate of the participants were measured. For biochemical analyses, blood samples were taken in the fasting state and analyzed by expert personnel in the laboratory. Fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were analyzed to determine testosterone levels and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: When the findings were evaluated, it was numerically observed that there was a decrease in testosterone levels, body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist-hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, fasting blood sugar level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in participants over the age of 40. Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that there was a negative numerical significant relationship between the decrease in testosterone levels and cardiometabolic risk factors
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    Exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias and subclinical ischemia risk in firefighters: exploratory results from a pilot study
    (Springer, 2025) Demiralp, Nuray; Akyel, Serdar; Koc, Hurmuz; Ozturk, Ahmet
    AimThis pilot study aimed to systematically evaluate exercise-induced electrocardiographic (ECG) responses in professional firefighters and to explore the association between premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) and myocardial ischemia in this high-risk occupational group.MethodThis pilot cross-sectional study enrolled 21 male firefighters (mean age 43.4 +/- 7.18 years) from a single municipal fire department. Participants underwent comprehensive cardiovascular assessment including anthropometric measurements, biochemical analyses (lipid profile, testosterone), submaximal exercise testing (Bruce protocol), and 24-h Holter ECG monitoring. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests and effect size calculations.ResultsNo exercise-induced ST-segment changes indicative of myocardial ischemia were observed. However, PVCs were detected in 33% of participants (7/21), with exercise testing revealing 18 simple and 2 multiform PVCs, while Holter monitoring recorded 25 simple and 1 multiform PVC. PVC-positive firefighters were significantly older (median 49 vs. 40 years, p = 0.019, r = 0.514). Mean exercise capacity was 12.45 METs, with 81% achieving moderate fitness levels. Post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR1: 24 +/- 11.5 bpm; HRR2: 35.4 +/- 11.5 bpm) showed normal patterns.ConclusionThe findings of this pilot study indicate the need for larger-scale investigations, supported by advanced diagnostic modalities, to clarify the clinical relevance of exercise-induced premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) in firefighters. Although no ischemic changes were observed, the presence of subclinical coronary artery disease cannot be definitively excluded. These results provide a meaningful preliminary foundation for developing targeted screening approaches to improve early cardiovascular risk detection in high-physical-demand occupational groups.
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    Öğe
    Investigation of the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiometabolic risk factors and testosterone levels in firefighters
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Demiralp, Nuray; Koc, Hurmuz; Baydil, Bilgehan; Gurses, Veli Volkan; Kanbur, Savas
    Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiometabolic risk factors and testosterone levels among firefighters. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with seventy-four firefighters working in a metropolitan municipality. Anthropometric measurements, cardiometabolic risk parameters (high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol), total testosterone (TT) levels were clinically evaluated for each participant. Results: The proportion of firefighters with low TT was 20.3%, and a statistically significant negative relationship was found between TT and weight, BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, and HbA1c as cardiometabolic risk factors (p < 0.05). Additionally, statistically significant positive relationship was observed between metabolic equivalent scores and testosterone levels among the firefighters (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The key findings of this study reveal significant differences in various cardiometabolic risk factors between firefighters with high fitness levels and those with lower fitness levels. LEARNING OUTCOMES center dot The findings suggest that improving cardiorespiratory fitness can have a protective effect on cardiovascular health, while also positively influencing testosterone levels, thereby enhancing metabolic health. center dot These insights emphasize the importance of monitoring cardiometabolic risks and hormone levels during routine health screenings of firefighters, allowing for early interventions in the preclinical stage. center dot These results play a critical role in the development of strategic health monitoring programs aimed at ensuring the occupational safety and long-term well-being of firefighters. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE center dot These insights emphasize the importance of monitoring cardiometabolic risks and hormone levels during routine health screenings of firefighters, allowing for early interventions in the preclinical stage. center dot These results play a critical role in the development of strategic health monitoring programs aimed at ensuring the occupational safety and long-term well-being of firefighters.
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    İtfaiyecilerde kardiyorespiratuar uygunluğun kardiyometabolik risk faktörleri ve testosteron seviyesine etkisinin incelenmesi
    (Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2024) Demiralp, Nuray; Koç, Hürmüz
    İtfaiyeciler, yüksek riskli görevleri güvenli bir şekilde yerine getirebilmek için yeterli kardiyorespiratuar uygunluk ve kardiyovasküler sağlık gerektiren önemli bir meslek grubudur. Kardiyorespiratuar zindeliğin kardiyovasküler hastalık gelişimine karşı önemli bir koruyucu faktör olduğuna ve hipertansiyon, obezite, diyabet ve hiperlipidemi gibi kardiyometabolik risk faktörlerini de düzenlediğine dair güçlü bilimsel kanıtlar vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; itfaiyecilerde kardiyorespiratuar uygunluğunun, kardiyometabolik risk faktörleri ve kardiyovasküler sistem üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olan testosteron seviyesinin incelenmesidir. Bu kesitsel tanımlayıcı çalışma, bir büyükşehir belediyesinde görev yapan itfaiyeciler arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklem büyüklüğünün hesaplanması için G-Power 3.1 yazılımı kullanılmış ve çalışmaya toplam yetmiş dört itfaiyeci dâhil edilmiştir (ortalama yaş = 32,61 ± 8,9 yıl, ortalama boy = 1,76 ± 0,6 cm, ortalama ağırlık = 83,9 ± 13 kg). Her katılımcı için antropometrik ölçümler, kardiyometabolik risk parametreleri (HDL, LDL, Trigliserid, Total-K) ve total testosteron (TT) ölçümü klinik olarak değerlendirildi. Kardiyorespiratuar düzeyini (VO2max) belirlemek amacıyla, her katılımcıya koşu bandı üzerinde submaksimal bir egzersiz testi uygulandı. İtfaiyecilerin beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) sınıflamasına göre; %54,1' i kilolu; % 17,6' sı obez olarak bulunmuştur. İtfaiyecilerin %81' inin önerilen fiziksel uygunluğa (>12 metabolik eşdeğerlik (MET) ve üzeri) sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. İtfaiyecilerde düşük TT oranı %20,3 olup; TT ile kilo, BKİ, vücut yağ yüzdesi, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi ve HbA1c gibi kardiyometabolik risk faktörleri ile arasında negatif yönlü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ayrıca itfaiyeciler arasında MET skoru ile testosteron seviyeleri arasında pozitif yönlü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, kardiyometabolik risk faktörlerinin kardiyorespiratuar uygunluk ile önemli ölçüde ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, itfaiyecilerin fiziksel uygunluk seviyelerinin artırılması ve kardiyovasküler sağlıklarının korunması için önemli bir temel sunmaktadır.
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    Öğe
    The Impact of Body Composition and Physical Fitness on Parasympathetic Reactivation in Firefighters
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2024) Demiralp, Nuray; Koç, Hürmüz
    Objective: Firefighting involves aerobic and anaerobic physical activities that cause heart rates to rise from submaximal to above maximal levels. These varying demands can occur with each call firefighters respond to during their shift, imposing both acute and cumulative cardiovascular loads. Heart rate is commonly used to measure cardiovascular responses during disasters, emergencies, firefighting, and firefighting simulations. There is substantial evidence suggesting that heart rate recovery (HRR) parameters are associated with body composition and aerobic fitness. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to determine the relationship between body composition, physical fitness, and HRR parameters in firefighters. Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among firefighters working in a metropolitan municipality. Using the G-Power 3.1 program, seventy-four firefighters (age = 32.61 ± 8.9 years, height = 1.76 ± 0.6 cm, weight = 83.9 ± 13 kg) volunteered to participate in this study. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (BFP) were recorded for each subject. To determine aerobic fitness (VO2max), each participant performed a submaximal exercise test on a treadmill. HRR was calculated as the difference between peak heart rates post-exercise (HRmax) and heart rates at the first and second minutes of the recovery phase, recorded as HRR1 and HRR2, respectively. Results: The mean VO2max and BMI of the participants were 48.32 ± 9.18 ml/kg/min and 27.10 ± 3.49 kg/m², respectively. No significant relationship was found between the HRR1 and HRR2 parameters and the variables of BMI, WC, and BFP in firefighters (p>0.05). However, positive significant relationships were detected between HRR1 and HRR2 and VO2max (p<0.05). A statistically significant negative relationship was found between VO2max and the variables of BMI, WC, BFP, and weight (p<0.05). These findings indicate that higher aerobic capacity is associated with better heart rate recovery and lower body fat percentage. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that cardiovascular autonomic function is significantly related to maximum aerobic fitness. However, no measure of body composition appears to affect the overall HRR response of the firefighters. This research provides important insights into how the aerobic capacity of firefighters affects their heart rate recovery responses. These findings offer a crucial foundation for improving the physical fitness levels and maintaining the cardiovascular health of firefighters