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Öğe Allometric Growth in Serpae Tetra (Hyphessobrycon serpae) Larvae(Medwell Online, 2011) Celik, Pinar; Cirik, SukranWe describe the allometric growth patterns of Hyphessobrycon serpae (Serpae tetra) larvae raised under aquarium conditions from hatch to day 30 (metamorphosis). Allometric growth patterns of some morphometric characters (total length, head length, trunk length, tail length, body depth, pre-anal myomer length, post-anal myomer length, pre-anal length, eye diameter and snout length) were modeled by a power function and were described by the growth coefficient.Öğe Decapod crustaceans of the coast along the Historical National Park of the Gallipoli Peninsula, Turkey(Brill Academic Publishers, 2007) Ates, A. Suat; Cirik, Sukran; Celik, E. Sanver; Akbulut, Mehmet; Aslan, HerdemDuring recent faunistic samplings, a total of 57 species of decapod crustaceans was collected in the coastal waters of the Historical National Park located on the Gallipoli Peninsula (including the northeastern Aegean Sea and Dardanelles). The samples were taken at depths ranging between W and 28 m at 10 different stations chosen along the coasts of the peninsula in July, 2005. A total of 1425 individuals belonging to 57 species was identified. The dominance of the species varies in each ecological zone; the caridean, Philocheras trispinosus (Hailstone, 1835) was commonest, with a dominance value of 13.79%.Öğe Early Weaning of Discus Symphysodon spp. Larvae: Histological and Morphological Observations(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2011) Celik, Ihsan; Onal, Umur; Cirik, Sukran; Duman, Canan; Ingin, Tuncay; Celik, PinarTo determine the optimal timing for weaning discus (Symphysodon spp.), larvae were fed a control diet of 100% Artemia, or weaned onto a micro-ground diet on day 18, 23, or 28 after hatching, until 45 days after hatching. During the first 14 days, the development of the digestive tract was studied to determine key events in the early ontogeny of discus larvae. There were significant (p<0.05) differences among treatments in the growth of the larvae. The highest weight increase was observed in the control group but good growth was also obtained when the larvae were weaned to dry feed 28 days after hatching. The specific growth rate (SGR) was 6.0 +/- 0.19 in the control group and 0.4 +/- 0.239, 2.0 +/- 0.257, and 5.2 +/- 0.382 in the 18, 23, and 28 day groups, respectively. Mean survival in all treatments was 56.25% with no significant differences among treatments.Öğe Effects of Ulva rigida and Cystoseira barbata meals as a feed additive on growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2007) Guroy, Betul Kut; Cirik, Sukran; Guroy, Derya; Sanver, Feyza; Tekinay, Ahmet AdemIn a 12-week feeding trial, the effect of 2 algae meals (Ulva rigida or Cystoseira barbata) on feed intake, growth, and nutrient utilization of juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, was investigated. This was the first attempt to utilize Cystoseira barbata as a feed supplement for Nile tilapia. The fish were fed to apparent satiation with formulated diets supplemented with various levels of Ulva meal (5%, 10%, or 15%) or Cystoseira meal (5%, 10%, or 15%). A diet without algae meal served as a control diet. The highest values for weight gain were for fish fed the 5% Cystoseira diet, control diet, and 5% Ulva diet (156%, 151%, and 150%, respectively), but the values were not significantly different (P > 0.05) compared to other treatments, except for the fish fed on the 15% Ulva diet (P < 0.05), which exhibited the lowest weight gain. Fish fed the diet containing 15% Ulva meal showed the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR). Protein and energy utilization tended to decrease in the groups fed the algae meals at the highest supplementation level of 15%. Carcass lipid levels decreased with increasing levels of Ulva meal, while an increase in carcass lipid level with increasing levels of Cystoseira meal was observed (P < 0.05). The results suggested that Ulva rigida or Cystoseira barbata meals could be used in small percentages in tilapia diets.Öğe Embryonic and larval development of black skirt tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, Boulenger, 1895) under laboratory conditions(Wiley, 2012) Celik, Ihsan; Celik, Pinar; Cirik, Sukran; Gurkan, Mert; Hayretdag, SibelThe embryonic and larval development of black skirt tetra, Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, are described under controlled laboratory conditions. In addition, major histomorphological changes and the allometric growth patterns during larval development have been described. The laboratory-reared broodstock, that is 1 similar to year of age, were spawned. Hatching occurred 2021 similar to h after spawning at 24 +/- 0.5 degrees C. The cleavage was finished in 2 similar to h and the early blastula stage occurred at 2:04 hours after spawning. The gastrulation started at 3:20 similar to hours and 30% epiboly was observed at 3:34 similar to hours after spawning. Eight-somite stage was observed at 08:33 hours. And embryonic developmental stage was completed at 21 similar to h after spawning. The newly hatched larvae were 1442 +/- 14.3 similar to mu m in mean total length (TL). The mouth opened at 3 days after hatching (DAH). The yolk sac had been totally absorbed and the larvae started to swim actively within 34 similar to days. Notochord flexion began at 11 DAH. The metamorphosis was completed and the larvae transformed into juveniles at 32 DAH. In this paper, the full developmental sequence from egg to juvenile of G. ternetzi is described for the first time.Öğe Embryonic and larval development of serpae tetra Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner, 1882)(Wiley, 2020) Celik, Pinar; Cirik, SukranIn this study, the embryonic and larval development stages of one of the most important ornamental fish serpae tetra (Hyphessobrycon eques) are described. The early life stage is documented from fertilization until the beginning of the juvenile period. The fertilized eggs (the average diameter = 938.55 +/- 35.20 mu m) were incubated at a water temperature of 26 +/- 0.5 degrees C. The cleavage finished in 1:10 hr (=h) and the early blastula stage occurred at 1:26 hr post fertilization (hpf). The gastrulation started at 3:05 hpf, and 50% epiboly was observed at 3:25 hpf. Segmentation stage was monitored at 7:26 hpf. Embryonic developmental stage was completed and hatching occurred 20-21 hpf. The total length (TL) of newly hatched larvae was 2.64 +/- 0.21 mm. The larval development of serpae tetra was divided into four different periods: Yolk-sac larva (1-4 DAH, TL = 2.77 +/- 0.09 mm - 3.85 +/- 0.11 mm), preflexion larva (5-12 DAH), flexion larva (13-15 DAH, TL = 5.78 +/- 0.46 mm on the 15th day) and post-flexion larva (16-30 DAH, TL = 10.7 +/- 0.27 mm on the 28th-30th days). The mouth and anus are closed at 1 DAH. The mouth and anus opened at 4 DAH. Exogenous feeding started on the 4th day. The first gulping of the swim bladder was on days 3. The larva begins to swim freely, and the yolk sac was completely consumed at 4 DAH. Histological structures of the eye and brain of new hatched larva were clearly identified at 1 day after hatching (DAH). According to histological findings, the digestive system (stomach, intestine) started to develop and the liver could be seen on the ventral side of the swim bladder at 5 DAH. No histological difference was observed between the anterior intestine and the posterior intestine at 15-16 DAH. The larval metamorphosis was completed, and the larvae transformed into juveniles at 28-30 DAH.Öğe First record of the invasive green seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia (Bryopsidales) on the coast of Turkey(Adac-Cryptogamie, 2011) Turan, Gamze; Tekogul, Hatice; Cirik, Sukran; Meinesz, AlexandreThe first record of the invasive green alga Caulerpa taxifolia in Yolluca Military Base located near Cesmeaalti port (Izmir, Turkey), far away from the other affected areas, is reported, thus reinforcing the hypothesis of anthropogenic dissemination of this alga in the Mediterranean Sea.Öğe GRACILARIA VERRUCOSA (HUDSON) PAPENFUSS CULTURE USING AN AGRICULTURAL ORGANIC FERTILIZER(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2011) Ak, Ilknur; Cetin, Zerrin; Cirik, Sukran; Goksan, TolgaIn this study, the effect of an agricultural organic fertilizer on growth, pigment, proximate and agar content of Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss was studied. The highest daily growth rate was determined in the agricultural organic fertilizer group as 4.0 % day(-1). Therefore, the growth of G. verrucosa with agricultural organic fertilizer and Conway's medium showed no significant differences (p>0.05). The maximum total chlorophyll content in the agricultural organic fertilizer was higher (20.7 +/- 1.5 mu g g(-1) than in Conway's medium (7.0 +/- 0.2 mu g g(-1)). The maximum protein (42.6 % dw) and lipid contents (7.6 +/- 0.1 % dw) were achieved in the agricultural organic fertilizer group. The significant differences were determined between the groups (p<0.05). The highest carbohydrate (58.1 +/- 0.4 % dw), ash (12.5 +/- 1.0 % dw) and agar (21.9 +/- 0.3 % dw) contents were found in Conway's medium. There was a statistically significant difference between the experimental groups (p<0.05). Consequently, it was seen that the agricultural organic fertilizer is suitable for G. verrucosa culture to produce human and animal food in order to decrease the production cost, but it is unsuitable for agar production.Öğe Greenhouse Cultivation of Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss and Determination of Chemical Composition(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2010) Cirik, Sukran; Cetin, Zerrin; Ak, Ilknur; Cirik, Semra; Goksan, TolgaThe agarophyte Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss was cultivated under greenhouse conditions in Modified Johnson Medium over a 5-month period. Biomass productivity ranged between 5.00 g L-1 to 16.37 g L-1 and the highest biomass was obtained in December. Relative growth rate (RGR) varied from 4.03 +/- 1.63 to 1.21 +/- 0.34% day(-1). While the highest percentages of protein were found in December (20.28 +/- 0.94% of dw), the lowest percentages were in March (14.99 +/- 0.14% of dw). Phosphorus content ranged from 101.66 +/- 3.11 ppm (march) to 114.03 +/- 5.44 ppm (december). The lipid concentrations of G. verrucosa were measured within 2.39 +/- 0.77% dw and 2.66 +/- 0.94% dw. The agar yiel were determined between 9.65 +/- 1.12 and 18.64 +/- 2.38% of dw in december and march. The melting and gelling temperatures were stable through the experiment. The highest and the lowest values for both melting and gelling temperatures were 39.00 +/- 0.35 degrees C (december) - 34.00 +/- 0.32 degrees C (march) and 86.50 +/- 0.30 degrees C (march) - 85.50 +/- 040 degrees C (february), respectively. As a result of this study G. verrucosa could be cultivated in greenhouse conditions succesfully. Depending on the high growth rates, high concentrations of crude protein, phosphorus and agar of Gracilaria we conclude that it can be cultivated in greenhouse conditions.Öğe Growth performance of bath sponge (Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759) farmed on suspended ropes in the Dardanelles (Turkey)(Wiley, 2011) Celik, Ihsan; Cirik, Sukran; Altinagac, Ugur; Ayaz, Adnan; Celik, Pinar; Tekesoglu, Haluk; Yilmaz, HarunCommercial bath sponge population in the Mediterranean has been recently reduced due to diseases and the depletion of natural banks. The commercial supply is far below the demand on the last 1015 years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the farming performance of Spongia officinalis in the Dardanelles. Sponges collected from the Dardanelles cut into pieces of different weight. They were divided into two groups depending on the wet weight ranging from 50 to 150 g (mean weight 102.6 +/- 4.81 g) and from 160 to 360 g (mean weight 235.8 +/- 8.56 g). Three rope systems located parallel to each other with 67 m inter-distance were constructed for the cultivation of sponges. At the end of the study, while small-sized sponges could reach mean wet weight of 120.7 +/- 14.8 g, large-sized sponges reached mean wet weight of 247.6 +/- 22.4 g. Growth rates were estimated 517% at 21st month. The survival rates were found 82% and 88%.Öğe The seasonal variation of proximate composition and amino acid contents of a green algae Ulva rigida (C. Agardh)(Ege Univ, Fac Fisheries, 2008) Kaykac, Gozde Ova; Cirik, Sukran; Tekinay, A. AdemExperiment material was collected seasonaly along the coast of Izmir (Karsiyaka) in Aegean Sea. All analyses were carried on triplicate. According to the results, significant differences were observed in nutrient content and amino acid composition among seasons. Protein and most amino acid values were noticeably increased in winter (p<0,05). The lowest protein level was determined in spring (% 7,64 +/- 0,22), whereas the highest was in winter (% 24,67 +/- 0,37). The crude fat content also showed differences among seasons, the highest values was found in autumn (% 1,20 +/- 0,32). 18 of common amino acids including most essansial amino acids have been determined in protein hydrolysate of Ulva rigida. Triptophan was not detected because of acid hydrolysate. Significant variations were observed in amino acid composition among seasons. Comparing with other amino acids, aspartic acid and glutamic acid which are the responsible of seaweed taste were found major components in Ulva rigida in all seasons. These amino acids differed significantly among seasons.
