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    From a plant secretion to the promising bone grafts: Cryogels of silicon-integrated quince seed mucilage by microwave-assisted sol-gel reaction
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Yılmaz, Hilal Deniz; Cengiz, Uğur; Arslan, Yavuz Emre; Kıran, Fadime; Ceylan, Ahmet
    Design and fabrication of biologically active cryogels using novel biopolymer(s) are still of great importance at regenerating bone defects such as traumatic bone injuries, maxillofacial surgery, osteomyelitis, and osteoporosis. Nowadays, plant mucilage, an herbal biomaterial, has been drawn attention by scientists due to their marvelous potential to fabricate 3-dimensional (3D) physical constructs for the field of regenerative medicine. Herein, a 3D cryogel from silicon-integrated quince seed mucilage (QSM) is constructed using microwave-assisted sol–gel reaction, characterized in-depth by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), solid-state silicon cross-polarization magic-angle nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si-CP-MAS NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), micro-mechanical testing, porosity, and swelling tests, contact angle measurements, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller and Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BET-BJH) analysis, enzymatic biodegradation test, and field emission-scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM-EDX) mapping. The osteobiologic capacity of the cryogels is determined using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) under in vitro conditions. Osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs on both QSM and silica-modified QSM (Si-QSM) cryogels is analyzed by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative-real time (q-RT) PCR techniques. The results obtained from in vitro experiments demonstrate that the upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes in Si-QSM cryogels presents a stronger and earlier development over QSM cryogels throughout the culture period, which in turn reveals the great potential of this novel Si-incorporated QSM cryogels for bone tissue engineering applications.
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    Piperlongumine inhibits cell growth and enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Kismali, Gorkem; Ceylan, Ahmet; Meral, Ogunc; Alpay, Merve; Kosova, Funda; Cakir, Dilek Ulker; Yurdakok-Dikmen, Begum
    Objective: To investigate whether piperlongumine can sensitize prostate cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis- inducing ligand (TRAIL) and trigger apoptosis in prostate cells. Methods: Human prostate cancer cell lines PC3, LNCaP, and VCaP were cultured with piperlongumine and TRAIL. Then, cell proliferation, migration, caspase activation, apoptotic protein expressions, and death receptor expressions were measured. Results: Piperlongumine inhibited cell proliferation at low doses (<10 mu M) alone and in combination with TRAIL (25 ng/mL), induced apoptosis, and suppressed cyclooxygenase activation. Additionally, piperlongumine induced expression of death receptors which potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells but did not affect decoy receptors. Piperlongumine also downregulated tumor cell-survival pathways, inhibited colony formation and migration of cancer cells alone or in combination with TRAIL. The combination of piperlongumine with TRAIL was found to be synergistic. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that piperlongumine can sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL through the upregulation of death receptors and can trigger apoptosis with the downregulation of anti- apoptotic proteins.
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    Weissella cibaria EIR/P2-derived exopolysaccharide: A novel alternative to conventional biomaterials targeting periodontal regeneration
    (Elsevier, 2020) Kibar, Hazal; Arslan, Yavuz Emre; Ceylan, Ahmet; Karaca, Basar; Haliscelik, Ozan; Kiran, Fadime
    Healing and regeneration of periodontium are considered as a complex physiological process. Therefore, treatments need to be addressed with highly effective components modulating the multiple pathways. In this study, exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Weissella cibaria EIR/P2, was partially purified from the culture supernatant and subjected to characterization within the aim of evaluating its potential for periodontal regeneration. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis revealed a single-peak corresponding to the glucose which identified the EPS as dextran. Fourier transform-infrared spectra were also displayed characteristic peaks for polysaccharides. According to the results of gel permeation/size exclusion-chromatography, the molecular mass was determined to be 8 x 10(6) Da. To clarify its anti-bacterial activity on Streptococcus mutans, effects on viability and biofilm formation was evaluated. At 50 mg/mL, dextran exhibited a bactericidal effect with 70% inhibition on biofilm formation. Besides, dose-dependent antioxidant effects were also detected. The efficacy of dextran in enhancing the viability of human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (hPDLFCs) was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay, and an increase was observed in the viability of hPDLFCs. In conclusion, dextran derived from W. cibaria can be potentially used as a multi-functional bioactive polymer in the design of new therapeutic strategies to promote healing and regeneration of periodontium. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.