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Öğe Early Weaning of Discus Symphysodon spp. Larvae: Histological and Morphological Observations(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2011) Celik, Ihsan; Onal, Umur; Cirik, Sukran; Duman, Canan; Ingin, Tuncay; Celik, PinarTo determine the optimal timing for weaning discus (Symphysodon spp.), larvae were fed a control diet of 100% Artemia, or weaned onto a micro-ground diet on day 18, 23, or 28 after hatching, until 45 days after hatching. During the first 14 days, the development of the digestive tract was studied to determine key events in the early ontogeny of discus larvae. There were significant (p<0.05) differences among treatments in the growth of the larvae. The highest weight increase was observed in the control group but good growth was also obtained when the larvae were weaned to dry feed 28 days after hatching. The specific growth rate (SGR) was 6.0 +/- 0.19 in the control group and 0.4 +/- 0.239, 2.0 +/- 0.257, and 5.2 +/- 0.382 in the 18, 23, and 28 day groups, respectively. Mean survival in all treatments was 56.25% with no significant differences among treatments.Öğe Effect of Lunar Synchronization on the Reproduction Time of Discus Fish (Symphysodon sp.) Under Controlled Aquarium Conditions(Medwell Online, 2011) Celik, Pinar; Celik, IhsanThe reproduction times of the discus fish were observed for 2 years under fully-controlled production conditions. The position of the moon was also recorded on the spawning day of the fish at a light photoperiod of 14 h and a dark photoperiod of 10 h with water quality parameters of 27-30 degrees C, pH 4.5-6.5 and conductivity of 80-200 mu S. Of 102 observed reproductions, 28 occurred at the first quarter of the moon, 28 at full moon, 40 at the last quarter and 6 at new moon. Accordingly, it has been concluded that the discus fish display a reproduction behavior according to the lunar cycle even indoors, although they do not receive direct moonlight.Öğe Effect of Orally-Administered 17?-Methyltestosterone at Different Doses on the Sex Reversal of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linneaus 1758)(Medwell Online, 2011) Celik, Ihsan; Guner, Yusuf; Celik, PinarIn order to obtain all male population, the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae which just finished the yolk sac were fed with feed containing 17 alpha-Methyltestosterone at five different doses (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mgMT kg(-1) feed) for 28 days. As a result of the experiment repeated twice, it was found out that the sex reversal rates among the groups were at the levels of 57.1, 69.8, 69.4, 70.9, 86.1 and 93.7%, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that the highest sex reversal rate occurred in the group to which 60 mgMT kg(-1) feed dose was applied.Öğe Embryonic and larval development of black skirt tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, Boulenger, 1895) under laboratory conditions(Wiley, 2012) Celik, Ihsan; Celik, Pinar; Cirik, Sukran; Gurkan, Mert; Hayretdag, SibelThe embryonic and larval development of black skirt tetra, Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, are described under controlled laboratory conditions. In addition, major histomorphological changes and the allometric growth patterns during larval development have been described. The laboratory-reared broodstock, that is 1 similar to year of age, were spawned. Hatching occurred 2021 similar to h after spawning at 24 +/- 0.5 degrees C. The cleavage was finished in 2 similar to h and the early blastula stage occurred at 2:04 hours after spawning. The gastrulation started at 3:20 similar to hours and 30% epiboly was observed at 3:34 similar to hours after spawning. Eight-somite stage was observed at 08:33 hours. And embryonic developmental stage was completed at 21 similar to h after spawning. The newly hatched larvae were 1442 +/- 14.3 similar to mu m in mean total length (TL). The mouth opened at 3 days after hatching (DAH). The yolk sac had been totally absorbed and the larvae started to swim actively within 34 similar to days. Notochord flexion began at 11 DAH. The metamorphosis was completed and the larvae transformed into juveniles at 32 DAH. In this paper, the full developmental sequence from egg to juvenile of G. ternetzi is described for the first time.Öğe Embryonic Development of Black Neon Tetra Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi Géry, 1961(Aquaculturehub Inc, 2023) Celik, Pinar; Celik, IhsanThe current study described the embryonic development stages of black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi), an economic ornamental fish. We characterized the stages of the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula, and hatching occurring during embryogenesis, which emphasizes changing spectrum of the main development processes from fertilization to incubation. The findings were put forth and photographed by examining live embryos under microscopy. Embryonic development of black neon tetra concluded at 24 +/- 0.5 degrees C water temperature at 20-21 hours. The first embryonic division occurs within the first 43 minutes after fertilization, and the process goes on to blastula at 02 hours and 28 minutes. The gastrula stage began at 02.57 hours, while 6 somite segmentation stages were observed to occur at 08.14 hours. Following the pharyngula stage seen between 17 to 20 hours, the hatching occurred at 20-21hours. The results of this study can provide significant benefits to professional breeders in the aquaculture of black neon tetra and other ornamental fish species.Öğe Growth performance of bath sponge (Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759) farmed on suspended ropes in the Dardanelles (Turkey)(Wiley, 2011) Celik, Ihsan; Cirik, Sukran; Altinagac, Ugur; Ayaz, Adnan; Celik, Pinar; Tekesoglu, Haluk; Yilmaz, HarunCommercial bath sponge population in the Mediterranean has been recently reduced due to diseases and the depletion of natural banks. The commercial supply is far below the demand on the last 1015 years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the farming performance of Spongia officinalis in the Dardanelles. Sponges collected from the Dardanelles cut into pieces of different weight. They were divided into two groups depending on the wet weight ranging from 50 to 150 g (mean weight 102.6 +/- 4.81 g) and from 160 to 360 g (mean weight 235.8 +/- 8.56 g). Three rope systems located parallel to each other with 67 m inter-distance were constructed for the cultivation of sponges. At the end of the study, while small-sized sponges could reach mean wet weight of 120.7 +/- 14.8 g, large-sized sponges reached mean wet weight of 247.6 +/- 22.4 g. Growth rates were estimated 517% at 21st month. The survival rates were found 82% and 88%.Öğe Histological development of digestive tract in discus, Symphysodon spp. larvae(Springer, 2010) Onal, Umur; Celik, Ihsan; Cirik, SuekranThe present study provides information on the histomorphological development of digestive system of discus, Symphyosodon spp., larvae during the first month of life. Discus larvae are altricial at hatching, with an undifferentiated digestive tract and a large yolksac, which is completely consumed within 7 days. The mouth opens 3 days after hatching (DAH) and the larvae starts feeding on AF Artemia at 4 DAH when offered. At 3 DAH the digestive tract is differentiated with distinct esophagus, stomach anlage, and mid- and hindguts. At 5 DAH, discus larvae is an active feeder, equipped with partly developed jaws and ossified gill arches and an inflated swim bladder. The liver and pancreas are present and supranuclear inclusion vacuoles (SIV) appear in the hindgut for the first time. Gastric glands in stomach were first observed 7 DAH and proliferated by 11-13 DAH. SIV were a common feature in the midgut and hindgut epithelium until 15-23 DAH. Therefore, exclusive use of artificial diets should be postponed until 2-3 weeks after hatching.Öğe Investigation on relations of blood chemistry parameters in Bluefish (Pomatomos saltatrix L. 1758) using multidimensional scaling technique(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2008) Bulut, Musa; Mendes, Mehmet; Bilen, Soner; Celik, IhsanThe relationships among various blood chemistry parameters of Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix L. 1758) were investigated by multidimensional scaling technique (MDS). The results of the MSD technique showed that blood chemistry parameters were affected by seasonal changes, total number of parameters in the model and the interactions between the parameters. The relationships among various parameters were more apparent in winter with a coefficient of 87.8 %, which was followed by fall with 70.5 % and spring with 69.9 %. The results of the statistical analysis also indicated that direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, albumin, uric acid, total protein and low-density lipoproteins parameters of winter Bluefish were associated or similar with each other. The blood proteins did not seem to be related to any of the blood minerals except for K in winter. It was found that the relationships among Cl, K, Na and creatine and between uric acid and cholesterol were high in the fall caught Bluefish. The relationships among the blood parameters of the spring caught Bluefish suggested that high-density lipoproteins, total proteins and cholesterol parameters were associated with each other. It is concluded that MDS may be a valuable tool to study relationships and interactions between various blood chemistry parameters and exogenous factors.Öğe Larval Development of The Freshwater Angelfish Pterophyllum scalare (Teleostei: Cichlidae)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2014) Celik, Ihsan; Celik, Pinar; Gurkan, Mert; Sahin, TolgaIn this study, the larval development of freshwater angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare, was described under controlled aquarium conditions. Major histomorphological changes and the allometric growth patterns during the larval development have been described. The larvae were obtained from three pairs of freshwater angelfish, which were maintained in glass tanks. The larvae were sampled for measurement and photography. They were observed under a stereomicroscope, photographed using a photomicrographic system. The larval development of angelfish were described from 1 days after hatching (DAH) to 24 DAH. Embryonic developmental stage was completed at day 3 after spawning at 24 +/- 1 degrees C. The newly hatched larvae had 4.24 +/- 0.28 mm total length (TL). The mouth opened at 3 DAH. The larvae started to swim actively within the next 3-4 days. Notochord flexion began at 3-4 DAH. The yolk sac has been totally absorbed at 6 DAH. The metamorphosis was completed and the larvae transformed into juveniles at 23-24 DAH.Öğe Ontogeny of the digestive tract of larval percula clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacepede 1802)(Wiley, 2008) Oenal, Umur; Langdon, Chris; Celik, IhsanAn understanding of the development of the digestive system of marine fish larvae is of critical importance in determining optimal feeding regimes for their culture. The present study provides information on the histomorphological development of the digestive system of clown fish, Amphiprion percula, larvae during the first month of life. Before hatching, clownfish larvae possess an alimentary tract, liver and pancreas with absorptive and digestive capabilities. The yolk sac is completely consumed within 5-7 days at 25 degrees C. Clownfish larvae readily accept rotifers after hatching and a complete dietary shift from rotifer to Artemia can be accomplished at 10 days after hatch (DAH). Gastric glands in the stomach first develop 11 DAH and proliferate by 15 DAH. Both non-staining vacuoles (NSV) and supranuclear inclusion vesicles (SIV) appear at 11 DAH in the midgut and hindgut respectively. Pinocytosis and extracellular digestion coexist for about 2 weeks after hatching. While SIV disappeared completely at 25 DAH, NSV continued to be a prominent feature of the midgut during the first month.Öğe Optimum Dietary Protein Level for Blue Streak Hap, Labidochromis caeruleus(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2010) Ergün, Sebahattin; Guroy, Derya; Tekesoglu, Haluk; Guroy, Betul; Celik, Ihsan; Tekinay, A. Adem; Bulut, MusaAn experiment was designed to determine the optimum dietary protein level of a freshwater ornamental fish, Blue streak hap (Labidochromis caeruleus). Four isocaloric fish meal based diets ranging from 30% to 45% in protein were fed to triplicate groups of Blue streak hap for 8 weeks. Fish (initial weight, 0.85 g) were reared in twelve 50 L aquarium with biological filter and controlled temperature (27.5 degrees C), in stocking density of ten fish/aquarium. Results showed that dietary protein level significantly influenced final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate of fish. Maximum growth of fish was observed in the 40% protein diet, although this was not significantly different from the 35% and 45% protein diets (P > 0.05). Specific growth rate and feed efficiency increased from 30% to 40% protein, and thereafter decreased for diet 45% protein. There were statistically significantly differences in feed intake among treatments (P < 0.05). Fish fed with the highest protein diet had lower percentage daily feed consumption values than those of fish fed with the lowest protein diet. Under the experimental conditions applied, juvenile blue streak hap, L. Caeruleus, appear to require more than 35% dietary protein for optimized growth.Öğe Spawning and Larval Rearing in Hybrid Striped Bass (Morone chrysops ? X Morone saxatilis ?) in Turkey(Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-Fepr, 2016) Guner, Yusuf; Kizak, Volkan; Altunok, Muhammet; Celik, IhsanThis study is the first spawning and larval rearing of the F-1 hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops female X M. saxatilis male) grown in culture conditions in Turkey. The F-1 Hybrid striped bass was fed with commercial pellet feed in floating net cages. They reached the sexual maturity at two years old. Female brood fish were given 30 mu g/kg of LHRH-a (Lutenizing hormone releasing hormone analogue) and male fish given 10 mu g/kg; of CHP(Dried carp pituitary), 4 mg/kg was used for the female and half that amount for the male for induced breeding. The fish injected LHRHa were successfully induced to both strip spawning and tank spawning by a single hormone injection. However, fish injected CPH and saline, untreated control did not spawn. Latency period was found to be 20.41 +/- 0.91 hour. In term of fertilization rate, larval deformity rate no significant difference was found between tank spawning and strip spawning (p>0.05). Fertilization rates ranged from 56.3% to 85.4% and hatch rates were between 0.99% and 46.88%, whereas the level of larval deformities ranged between 81.25% and 100%. Hatched larvae were placed into 400-liter rectangular tanks with water discharge of 4 liter/minute at a stocking density of 30 larvae/liter. After larvae hatching, they were given artemia nauplii for 5-19 days. Trout granule feed (300-500 micron) also started to be given in addition to artemia nauplii afterwards. Granule feed was started eating completely 24 th days. The larvae obtained from a single hatch in the production season reached 2.87 cm length in 32 days with 2.7% survival rate. Of this study was terminated due to white spot disease (Ichtyophthirius multifilis) arising from sudden change in water temperature. The F-2 progenies were not deemed to be available for aquaculture due to poor fertilization, poor hatching, low survival rate and high deformity rate. For the progenies of the hybrid striped bass that grow in natural water, it was suggested that their ecology in waters in Turkey be first studied and brought into aquaculture afterwards.Öğe The General Profile of Aquarium Sector in Istanbul (Turkey)(Medwell Online, 2010) Celik, Ihsan; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Celik, Pinar; Saygi, Hulya; Onal, Umur; Bashan, TolgaA survey study was conducted in order to put forth the general status of aquarium sector in Istanbul (Turkey). Within the scope of this study, it is found out that 550-600 aquarium makers, 200 of which are registered to a non-governmental organization operate in Istanbul. A great amount as 50.8% of aquarium businesses in Istanbul is sole proprietorships. They work with a strategy of providing the living things (fish, plant, etc.) and materials (heater, filter, pump etc.) which they trade from domestic and foreign sources and transporting them to the customer. The members of Cyprinidae which is among the fish groups that aquarium makers in Istanbul sell at most, rank the first and Cichliade and living thing breeding groups follow them. It is observed that domestic retail sales are mostly done in winter season (90.9%). Additionally, data on issues such as educational status and work experiences of the employees in the sector, working capacities of the businesses, kinds of plant and animal types produced or imported.Öğe The performance of a small-scale, high-density, continuous system for culturing the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2010) Onal, Umur; Celik, Ihsan; Ergün, SebahattinThe performance of a high-density continuous system was evaluated as an alternative to conventional low-density batch-culture systems for culturing the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Rotifer densities ranging from 1700 to 3760 individuals/mL were achieved in 4 different trials that lasted 10-18 days. Problems associated with NH3-N and pH were controlled by increasing the water exchange rate and periodic addition of ammonia remover. While NH3-N and pH values were 0-8.8 mg/L and 6.9-9.3, respectively, the most important problem was the accumulation of TSS at concentrations of up to 85 mL/L within a very short time after start-up. Further studies are required to develop simple and cost-effective filters that reduce TSS concentrations. Use of continuous systems in combination with concentrated algae is potentially an effective alternative to existing batch-culture systems.
