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    Covid-19 vaccine literacy status of individuals without completed covid-19 vaccine period and implementation of covid-19 vaccine in Turkey: descriptive study
    (Mashhad Univ Med Sciences-Iranian Assoc Health Educ & Health Promotion, 2023) Celik, Ibrahim; Akkaya, Gulnur
    Background and Objectives: In the Covid 19 pandemic, determining the vaccine literacy of individuals whose vaccination process has not been completed and ensuring that they are vaccinated shows the importance of this study. This study was carried out between 1 January and 31 March 2022. This study was conducted to determine the vaccine literacy level of individuals whose Covid-19 vaccines were not completed during the Covid-19 pandemic process and to apply Covid-19 vaccines. Materials and Methods: This study is descriptive and cross-sectional study. The population of the study consisted of individuals over the age of 18 who did not complete their Covid-19 vaccines and lived in a town in the west of Turkey. After the power analysis was conducted, the sample consisted of 923 people who agreed to participate in the research. The information form and the Covid-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale were used as data collection tools. The Independent Sample t-test was used to compare the Covid-19 vaccine literacy and sub-dimension scores with personal information; one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare educational status and income levels; the Tukey HSD test was used as post-hoc test; and the Pearson Correlation analysis was used to correlate the continuous variables with each other. Results: The mean score of the Covid-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale was found to be above average, and the mean score of the subdimensions communicative/critical and functional skills was found to be moderate. It was found that the participants' Covid 19 vaccine literacy was associated with marital status, education levels, income level, having the Covid-19 disease, and having previously been vaccinated against Covid-19. Conclusion: As a result of the research conducted between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2022, 923 volunteer participants were vaccinated against Covid-19. The first dose of Covid-19 vaccine was administered to 82 people out of 923 who had never been vaccinated. A second dose of Covid-19 vaccine was administered to 178 people, a third dose of Covid-19 vaccine to 311 people, a fourth dose of Covid19 vaccine to 271 people, and a fifth dose of Covid-19 vaccine to 81 people. An important vaccination program was carried out, and this result is the most important success of our study. It was found that there was a relationship between the Covid-19 vaccine literacy levels and the Covid-19 vaccination, marital status, education level, income status and Covid-19 disease status of the individuals participating in the study. The Covid-19 vaccine literacy score of the participants was above the medium level, and the sub-dimension scores of the participants were moderate. In total, 923 volunteer participants were vaccinated against Covid19, and 82 people who had never been vaccinated were given the first dose of Covid-19 vaccine. Paper Type: Research Article
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    Machine learning algorithms revealed distorted retinal vascular branching in individuals with bipolar disorder
    (Elsevier, 2022) Atagun, Murat Ilhan; Sonugur, Guray; Yusifova, Aygun; Celik, Ibrahim; Ugurlu, Nagihan
    Background: Converging evidence designate vascular vulnerability in bipolar disorder. The predisposition pro-gresses into distortion in time, thus detection of the vascular susceptibility may help reducing morbidity and mortality. It was aimed to assess retinal fundus vasculature in cardiovascular risk-free patients with bipolar disorder. Methods: Total of 68 individuals (38 patients with bipolar disorder, 30 healthy controls) were enrolled. In order to avoid from degenerative processes, participants were between 18 and 45 years of age, vascular risk factors were eliminated. Microscopic retinal fundus images were processed with machine learning algorithms (multi -layer perceptron and support vector machine) and artificial neural network approaches. Results: In comparison to the healthy control group, the bipolar disorder group had lower number of breaking points (P < 0.001), lower number of curved vessel segments (P < 0.001). Total length of smooth vessels was longer (P = 0.040), and total length of curved vessel segments was significantly shorter (P < 0.001) than the control group. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels and gender were the confounders. There were significant correlations between vascular measures and serum lipid levels.Limitations: Sample size was small and patients were on various medications. Conclusions: These results indicate distortion in retinal vascular branching in bipolar disorder. Disrupted branching may reflect disturbed prosperity of retinal vascular plexus in patients with bipolar disorder. Alter-ations in the retinal vessels might be indicators of disruption in cerebral vascular system efficiency and thus neurovascular unit dysfunction in bipolar disorder.