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Öğe Assessment of Surface Water Quality in the Atikhisar Reservoir and Saricay Creek (Canakkale, Turkey)(Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-Fepr, 2010) Akbulut, Mehmet; Kaya, Hasan; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Odabasi, Deniz Anil; Odabasi, Serpil Sagir; Selvi, KahramanThis study was carried out to evaluate the surface water quality of the Atikhisar Reservoir and Sari ay Creek. Multivariate statistical techniques such as Cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), multidimensional Scaling (MDS), and univariate statistical techniques such as two-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Three different groups were formed based on Cluster analysis. Two-way ANOVA test results showed that interaction effects of any variables of the reservoir were non-significant but the interaction effects of pH in the creek were significant. Temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), oxygen saturation (OS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphate (TP), total nitrate (TN), salinity (Sal), pH, Chl-a, and total suspended solids (TSS) of the reservoir were significantly different among seasons. While differences of T, EC, DO, TP, Chl-a, and TSS of the Sari ay Creek were significant among seasons, only the differences of temperature among the stations were significant. Multi dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis results revealed that the variables such as EC, Sal, OS, T and TN affected the differences among the sites, while the other variable groups were showing a similarity with the COD, BOD, TSS, AD, TP, pH, DO and Chl-a. The principle component analysis (PCA) results showed that the eigenvalues of the first 5 PCA were larger than 1.00, suggesting that they explained 98 % of the total variation.Öğe Changes in Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of European Chub (Squalius cephalus L.) in Unpolluted Reservoir and Polluted Creek(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Kaya, Hasan; Yılmaz, SevdanThis study investigates the surface water quality parameters of the Atikhisar Reservoir and Sari ay Creek, both of which are located in Canakkale, the north-west part of Turkey. The conductivity, COD, BOD, TP, TN, and TSS content of water in Sari ay Creek were higher than in Atikhisar Reservoir (P<0.05), however; water DO content in Sari ay Creek was less than in Atikhisar Reservoir (P<0.05). Chl-a concentration, temperature, salinity and pH of water were not statistically significant in both of the resources (P>0.05). The quality of surface water samples of Atikhisar Reservoir and Sari ay Creek were accepted first quality and third quality, respectively. The blood samples of European chub (Squalius cephalus L.) caught in the Atikhisar Reservoir (unpolluted) and Sari ay Creek (polluted) provided the data to compare the hemato-chemical effects of pollution. The WBC, MCV, MCH, Ht, Hb, GLC, TP, and GLO levels of fish in Sari ay Creek were significantly higher than those in Atikhisar Reservoir (P<0.05). The RBC, TBIL, CHOL, AST, and ALT levels of fish in Sari ay were lower than the ones in Atikhisar Reservoir (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the MCHC, TG, ALB, Ca, and P values among the fish samples of Atikhisar Reservoir and Sari ay (P>0.05). In conclusion, the data analyses infer that blood parameters can be used as an indicator of the fish health in general. On the other hand, the blood test can be used to determine fish stress due to water pollution.Öğe Changing of mollusca fauna in comparison with water quality: Saricay creek and atikhisar reservoir models (Canakkale-Turkey)(2009) Akbulut, Mehmet; Odabasi, Deniz Anil; Kaya, Hasan; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Yildirim, M. Zeki; Odabasi, Serpil; Selvi, KahramanSpecies composition, abundance and monthly distribution of the Mollusca fauna and the physicochemical variables of Saricay Creek and Atikhisar Reservoir have been investigated between September 2005-August 2006. Mollusca fauna in Saricay Creek and Atikhisar Reservoir was represented by 21 species of Gastropoda and 8 species of Bivalvia. Diversity, dominance and frequency were recorded monthly. By assessing the data via Shannon-Wiener index, Saricay Creek had an index of 2.58 richness at 8th station while, third station in Atikhisar Reservoir had the poorest with an index of 0.02. According to Bray-Curtis similarity index, the first and third stations were found to be very similar to each other, while 8th and 66 h stations were observed to be the most different from all of the other stations in terms of the dynamics of mollusca fauna. Dreissena polmorpha were the most dominant of 47.16% and frequent species of 48.96%, especially encountered in the Atikhisar Reservoir. The results of One-way Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) showed that mollusca compositions were significantly different between sampling sites (p<0.05). ANOSIM and Similarity Percentage analysis (SIMPER) revealed significant differences and a high degree of community dissimilarity within and between the sampling stations. The relationship between the dynamics of organisms and environmental parameters were analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. This study pointed out that water quality parameters especially COD, BOD, Anionic Detergent, salinity, TP, TN, temperature were effective on the abundance and distribution of Mollusca fauna. © Medwell Journals, 2009.Öğe Changing of Mollusca Fauna In Comparison With Water Quality: Saricay Creek and Atikhisar Reservoir Models (Canakkale-Turkey)(Medwell Online, 2009) Akbulut, Mehmet; Odabasi, Deniz Anil; Kaya, Hasan; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Yildirim, M. Zeki; Odabasi, Serpil; Selvi, KahramanSpecies composition, abundance and monthly distribution of the Mollusca fauna and the physicochemical variables of Saricay Creek and Atikhisar Reservoir have been investigated between September 2005-August 2006. Mollusca fauna in Saricay Creek and Atikhisar Reservoir was represented by 21 species of Gastropoda and 8 species of Bivalvia. Diversity, dominance and frequency were recorded monthly. By assessing the data via Shannon-Wiener index, Saricay Creek had an index of 2.58 richness at 8th station while, third station in Atikhisar Reservoir had the poorest with an index of 0.02. According to Bray-Curtis similarity index, the first and third stations were found to be very similar to each other, while 8th and 66 h stations were observed to be the most different from all of the other stations in terms of the dynamics of mollusca fauna. Dreissena polmorpha were the most dominant of 47.16% and frequent species of 48.96%, especially encountered in the Atikhisar Reservoir. The results of One-way Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) showed that mollusca compositions were significantly different between sampling sites (p<0.05). ANOSIM and Similarity Percentage analysis (SIMPER) revealed significant differences and a high degree of community dissimilarity within and between the sampling stations. The relationship between the dynamics of organisms and environmental parameters were analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. This study pointed out that water quality parameters especially COD, BOD, Anionic Detergent, salinity, TP, TN, temperature were effective on the abundance and distribution of Mollusca fauna.Öğe Dietary trans-cinnamic acid application for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): II. Effect on antioxidant status, digestive enzyme, blood biochemistry and liver antioxidant gene expression responses(Wiley, 2019) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Yigit, Murat; Bayizit, CagatayThe present study investigated the effects of dietary trans-cinnamic acid (TrCin) on growth performance, biochemical composition, fatty acid composition, blood biochemistry, antioxidant status, digestive enzyme and liver antioxidant gene (EF1 alpha, SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GPX1, GPX4, GR and GST) expression responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Five experimental groups of fish with mean weights of 17.49 +/- 0.08 g were used in the study; four of them were fed with TrCin-supplemented diets (0.25 g/kg TrCin25, 0.50 g/kg TrCin50, 0.75 g/kg TrCin75 and 1.50 g/kg TrCin150), whereas an additive-free basal diet served as the control (Cntr). At the end of the 60-day feeding trial, the growth performance, biochemical composition and fatty acid composition were similar for all experimental groups. A decrease was observed in intestinal and stomach pH, serum triglyceride and AST, ALT, LDH and ALP levels in fish fed with especially 0.50 g/kg TrCin-supplemented diet. Moreover, dietary TrCin especially at 0.50 g/kg incorporation level significantly increased the serum SOD and liver SOD2, CAT, GST, GPX1, GPX4 and GR gene expression responses. As a conclusion, feeding rainbow trout for a period of 60 days with a diet containing 0.50 g/kg TrCin might be sufficiently enough to improve the levels of antioxidant enzymes and health status in fish.Öğe Effect of combination of dietary Bacillus subtilis and trans-cinnamic acid on innate immune responses and resistance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss to Yersinia ruckeri(Wiley, 2020) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Celik, Ekrem SanverThe present study investigated the effects of combination of dietary Bacillus subtilis and trans-cinnamic acid on serum biochemical parameters, innate immune responses and resistance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss to Yersinia ruckeri. Six experimental groups of fish with mean weights of 20.58 +/- 0.35 g were used in the study. Five experimental groups of fish were fed diets containing Bacillus subtilis (10(7) per gram) or a mix of the Bacillus subtilis (BS) and trans-cinnamic acid (25 mg/kg-25trcBS, 50 mg/kg-50trcBS, 75 mg/kg-75 trcBS, 150 mg/kg-150 trcBS), whereas an additive-free basal diet served as the control (Cont). In this study, an increase was observed in granulocyte percentage, respiratory burst activity, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, myeloperoxidase activity and total antiprotease activity especially in fish fed with mix of the BS and trans-cinnamic acid-supplemented diets (p < .05). Moreover, at the end of the 20-day challenge period the survival rates and antibody titre (p < .05), and relative per cent survival were higher in the BS group and all trcBS groups compared with control group. As a conclusion, the results in the present study show that feeding rainbow trout with diets containing a mix of B. subtilis and trans-cinnamic acid over a 60-day period might be sufficient for improving fish immune responses and disease resistance against Y. ruckeri.Öğe Effect of Dietary Herbal Supplements on Some Physiological Conditions of Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax(Wiley, 2013) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Celik, Ekrem SanverThis study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of dietary thyme Thymus vulgaris, rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis, and fenugreek Trigonella foenum graecum as feed additives on total liver fat levels and biometric indices of Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Four isonitrogenous (48% crude protein) and isocaloric (21 kJ/g) diets were formulated to contain 0% (control), or 1% of thyme, rosemary, or fenugreek. In a 45-d feeding trial, 12 fiberglass tanks (140 L) were each stocked with 17 fish (20.43 0.03g). Herbal supplemented diets significantly decreased the total liver fat, visceral fat index, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, and increased the spleen-somatic index and bile-somatic index (P< 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicated that a dietary level of 1.0% for thyme, rosemary, or fenugreek could improve some of the physiological parameters of Sea Bass. Thus, this work provides a new perspective for the use of medicinal herbs that can be added to fish feed to improve the status of fish organs. Thyme, rosemary, and fenugreek contain a number of different active components, which possibly play an important role in improving these conditions, but the mechanism by which this is achieved needs further and more detailed study. Received July 19, 2012; accepted January 15, 2013Öğe Effect of Trachelobdella lubrica (Hirudinea: Piscicolidae) on biochemical and haematological characteristics of black scorpion fish (Scorpaena porcus, Linnaeus 1758)(Springer, 2006) Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Aydin, SeyitBlack Scorpion fish (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus 1758) caught during monthly sampling carried out in 2003 in the Dardanelles, Turkey, were examined for the parasite. Trachelobdella lubrica. Infested fish were caught only during December 2003, and the clinical conditions of the 12 fish naturally infested with T. lubrica included fin rot, swollen foci of skin and haemorrhages of the gill and abdominal skin. The prevalence, intensity and abundance of infestation in December 2003 were 40%, 1.75 and 0.70, respectively. The average hepatosomatic index of the infested fish was lower than that of noninfested fish, while the means of the kidney index, splenosomatic index, condition factor, body weight and length were not significantly different between the infested and noninfested fish groups. Blood analysis was conducted on 12 naturally infested and 12 healthy (noninfested) Black Scorpion fish to determine the possible characteristic changes in blood parameters of the fish in response to natural infestation with T. lubrica. Blood leucocyte counts, haematocrit levels, serum total protein, albumin phosphorus, urea, glucose, globulin, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in naturally infested Black Scorpion fish were significantly less than those of the noninfested fish (p < 0.05). No significant decreases were observed in the serum sodium, iron, calcium, potassium, chlorine, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine values of the naturally infested fish. Blood haemoglobin values, erythrocyte counts and serum glutamate aspartate aminotransferase (glutamate oxalacetate transaminase), alanine aminotransferase (glutamate pyruvate transaminase), uric acid and very low-density lipids levels of infested fish were insignificantly greater than those in healthy fish.Öğe Effect of Water Temperature, Salinity, Season, Reproduction, Sex, Size, and Age on Hematological Parameters of Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Kaya, Hasan; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Cakici, HasanIn order to determine some hematological parameters of horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus, sampling was conducted between April 2005 and March 2007 at the Dardanelles. Moreover, the effects of season, reproduction, sex, size, age, water temperature, and salinity on the horse mackerel hematologic parameters were investigated. The following annual averages were obtained for the hematological parameters: hematocrit ratio (Hct), females 38.0 +/- 0.32%, males 37.3 +/- 0.36%; hemoglobin level (Hb), females 12.8 +/- 0.13 g/100 mL, males 13.0 +/- 0.16 g/100 mL; erythrocyte (RBC) count, females 1050263.4 +/- 5857.20 mm(3), males 1046081.13 +/- 6319.89 mm(3); leukocyte (WBC) count, females 15797.4 +/- 259.11 mm(3), males 16545.0 +/- 354.54 mm(3); mean corpuscular volume (MCV), females 363.2 +/- 3.12 mu m(3), males 358.8 +/- 3.57 mu m(3); mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), females 123.0 +/- 1.16 pg, males 124.3 +/- 1.48 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), females 33.7 +/- 0.17 g/100 mL, males 34.8 +/- 0.22 g/100 mL. Hematological parameters differed significantly (P<0.05) between reproduction periods and between seasons. For both, male and female horse mackerel, the Hct, Hb, RBC, WBC, MCV, and MCH values increased significantly (P<0.05) with size and age. The WBC increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing sea water temperature in both sexes. In this study, the reference values of hematological parameters were obtained and it was concluded that these parameters were affected by physiological (fish size, age, reproduction) and environmental (season, temperature) factors. Such factors as well as the reference values should be taken into consideration when hematologic studies for horse mackerel is to be conducted.Öğe Effects of dietary humic acid on growth performance, haemato-immunological and physiological responses and resistance of Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss to Yersinia ruckeri(Wiley, 2018) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Yigit, MuratThis study investigated the effects of dietary humic acid sodium salt on growth performance, haemato-immunological and physiological responses, and resistance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss to Yersinia ruckeri. The experimental fish were divided into four groups; three of them were fed with humic acid incorporated diets (0.3% H3, 0.6% H6, 1.2% H12) and an additive free basal diet served as the control. Growth performance and haematological parameters of rainbow trout were not affected by humic acid supplemented diets (p > 0.05). However, dietary humic acid especially with 0.6% incorporation significantly increased stomach pepsin, intestinal trypsin and lipase activities p < 0.05. Following 60 days of feeding trial, fish were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri for 20 days. At the end of the challenge period, significantly higher (p < 0.05) survival rates were found in the 6% humic acid group compared to all other experimental treatment. Thus humic acid might replace antibiotics in diets for rainbow trout to control yersiniosis.Öğe Effects of Phosalone on Mineral Contents and Spinal Deformities in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio, L. 1758)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2012) Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Kaya, Hasan; Yılmaz, SevdanThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosalone on some mineral contents, morphological abnormalities and spinal deformities in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L. 1758). Fish were exposed to 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg L-1 of phosalone using a semi-static exposure regime for 14 days. Experiments were conducted in triplicate for control treatments and phosalone concentrations. At the end of the experiment, abnormal swimming and lethargy was observed in fish exposed to 0.30 and 0.60 mg L-1 phosalone concentrations. The percentage morphological abnormalities of the control and phosalone treatment groups (0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg L-1) were 0%, 0%, 35.33% and 65.00%, respectively. In direct radiography, a decrease in kyphosis at the thoral spine and a lordotic anomaly at the caudal spine were detected in fish exposed to the 0.30 mg L-1. In addition, deformity at the thoraco-abdominal junction of the spine and decreased lordotic curvature in the caudal region in the treatment group of 0.60 mg L-1 were observed. Calcium and potassium levels in the spinal tissue of fish significantly decreased in the 0.30 and 0.60 mg L-1 phosalone concentrations. While sodium concentration in the spinal tissue significantly decreased in all the phosalone-treatment groups, magnesium was significantly reduced only in the 0.60 mg L-1 phosalone concentration group. Phosalone pollution may cause various ill effects on aquatic ecosystem, including spinal deformities. Therefore, it has to be kept under acceptable concentrations in aquatic environment.Öğe EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURE TO PHOSALONE ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758)(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2013) Kaya, Hasan; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Gurkan, Mert; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Akbulut, MehmetIn this study, possible oxidative stress, biomarkers, and histopathological alterations were investigated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) that were exposed to various phosalone concentrations in vivo. Fish were exposed to 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 mg/L phosalone concentrations in a semistatic regime for 14 d. Biomarkers, including Na+, K+-ATPase, reduced glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and histopathological changes, were determined in gills, liver, and kidney tissues of fish. Sublethal phosalone concentrations produced lipid peroxidation and impairment in the antioxidant defense system by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. While GSH increased in all groups at d 7 compared to control, GSH fell significantly at medium and high doses at d 14. Reduced GSH levels were diminished in all tissues and a significant induction in lipid peroxidation (TBARS) was observed. Na+,K+-ATPase enzyme activity was significantly inhibited especially in gills. No histopathological effects were observed in the control group. Lamellar aneurysm, lamellar fusion, hyperplasia, epithelial lifting, and hemorrhages were observed in gill tissues exposed to phosalone. Histopathological effects in the liver tissues of fish exposed to phosalone were characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolation, congestion, hypertrophy, and nuclear degeneration. Hypertrophy, tubule degeneration, mononuclear cell infiltration, and dilation of glomerular capillaries were noted in kidney tissues exposed to phosalone. The results indicate that phosalone exposure adversely affected the health of the fish, attributable to oxidative stress.Öğe Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater Extract Against Food Spoiling/Poisoning, Fish-Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Microorganisms(Mdpi, 2024) Yilmaz, Dilek Kahraman; Kesbic, Fevziye Isil; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Odabasi, Deniz Anil; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.Although antibiotics are the main therapy for bacterial infections, the reports showed that the overuse (or misuse) of antibiotics will results in several problems such as the development of antibiotic-resistant strains, persistence of drug residues, and numerous environmental concerns. Therefore, finding antibiotic alternatives is considered of vital importance. Investigation of the antimicrobial properties of several plant substances and extracts is of great value to replace antibiotics. With this objective, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of an ethanolic extract prepared from olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which is a by-product of olive oil production with considerable environmental burden, against 38 bacterial strains, including fish-associated pathogens, non-pathogenic isolates, collection strains, and one yeast strain, Candida albicans. Disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) tests were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the OMWWE. According to the results, OMWWE provoked strong inhibitory effects against Shewanella baltica strain SY-S145. It also showed a moderate inhibitory effect on Plesiomonas shigelloides strain SY-PS16 and Vibrio anguillarum strain SY-L24. The MIC and MBC of OMWWE on Shewanella baltica SY-S145, Vibrio gigantis strain C24, and V. anguillarum strain SY-L24 were 500 mu g/mL. The MIC and MBC on V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 were 1000 mu g/mL, whereas the values for Aeromonas salmonicida ATCC 33658 were 500 mu g/mL and 1000 mu g/mL, respectively. To put it briefly, the OMWW extract showed high antimicrobial activity and can act as an environmentally friendly additive for the control and prevention of diseases caused by A. veronii, A. hydrophila, P. shigelloides, S. baltica, V. anguillarum, and V. parahaemolyticus. Its active agents also prevented infections of both fish-associated pathogens and food spoiling bacteria, which means it can not only help in the disease control mechanism but also in improving the safety of food by reduction of the microbial contamination.Öğe Heavy metal effects on fish blood parameters(Ege Univ, Fac Fisheries, 2006) Celik, Ekrem SanverHeavy metals releases to aquatic systems have toxic affect proportionally with their concentration on fish population health. Some heavy metals (chrome and cadmium) that enter the food chain are not discharged from fish and therefore are accumulated in their body. When they exceed a threshold concentration they may have a toxic effect or even cause death on fish. These accumulations have also an effect on fish blood and can cause physiological damage on fish. In this review article heavy metal effects on fish blood parameters, such as copper, zinc, chrome, cadmium, and mercury are discussed. Concentration level and exposure time effects on fish blood parameters are discussed in detail with respect to their physiological and ecological significance.Öğe Histopathology and Blood Parameters of Bogue Fish (Boops boops, Linnaeus 1758) Parasitized by Ceratothoa oestroides (Isopoda:Cymothoidae)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2016) Ozdemir, Gulbahar; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Gurkan, Mert; Kaya, HasanBogue fish (B. boops, Linnaeus 1758) were captured using a seine net in the Lagoon of Lapseki, located in the Dardanelles, Turkey. We examined a total of 200 fish and assessed the hematological, biochemical, immunological parameters and histopathology of the buccal cavity of them (40 of them not parasitized, 40 of them parasitized). No significant difference was found between parasitized and not parasitized fish groups in terms of the average biometric indices, body weight and length values. Blood leucocytes counts, haemoglobin and hematocrit values, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, glucose, triglyceride, total protein, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, NBT and lysozyme activity significantly reduced and bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and myeloperoxidase activity significantly increased in C. oestroides parasitized fish compared to not parasitized ones. Infestation by this parasite resulted in histopathological manifestations such as hemorrhage, edema, necrosis, deformation in striated muscle cells, hypertrophy in chondrocytes and epithelial cells, mononuclear cell infiltration. According to the results obtained in the present study, it can be suggested that blood and histopathological variations influenced by parasites in the bogue fish can cause the fish to be more susceptible to pollutants, predators and diseases.Öğe Immunological Responses, Expression of Immune-Related Genes, and Disease Resistance of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed Diets Supplied with Capsicum (Capsicum annuum) Oleoresin(Mdpi, 2024) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kenanoglu, Osman Nezih; Ergün, Sebahattin; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Gurkan, Mert; Mehana, Elsayed Eldeeb; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.A 45-day feeding study was carried out to assess the immune-stimulatory effects of capsicum oleoresin when added to rainbow trout diets. A total of 450 fish (mean weight: 155.20 +/- 1.96 g) were distributed into 400 L tanks (30 fish/tank) across five experimental groups: control (CT, 0%), C7 (0.7%), C14 (1.4%), C21 (2.1%), and C28 (2.8%). Each group consisted of three replicate tanks. At the end of this period, hemato-biochemical parameters, innate immune responses, and immune-related gene expression levels were evaluated, and a histological examination of head kidney and liver sections was conducted. Finally, fish in all groups were challenged with Lactococcus garvieae and observed for an additional 20 days. The results revealed that oleoresin supplementation enhanced the immune responses of the treated fish, which was evidenced by the increased globulin, total protein, respiratory burst activity, and total immunoglobulin levels. The highest expression levels of the il-8, il-1 beta, TGF-beta, and SAA genes was noticed in the C7 group, as compared with the results for the other groups. The IgT gene expression levels were higher in all experimental groups than in the CT group, and this increase was at the highest level in the C28 group. Following the bacterial challenge, all experimental groups displayed higher survival rates compared to that of the CT group. These values were 75.93, 72.22, 46.30, 33.33, and 29.63% in the C7, C14, C21, C28, and CT groups, respectively, with the C7 group displaying the highest survival rate among the groups. The histological examination of liver and head kidney tissues revealed that higher doses (in the C21 and C28 groups) showed an increase in cytoplasmic vacuolization, which causes adverse effects on fish health. However, the C7 group displayed normal histological structure in both tissues. Taken together, the most favorable immune responses were achieved in the C7 group, suggesting that 0.7% oleoresin could be applied to rainbow trout to boost immunity and protect the fish from diseases.Öğe Impacts of sublethal lead exposure on the hemato-immunological parameters in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Kaya, Hasan; Akbulut, Mehmet; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Yılmaz, SevdanThe effects of exposure of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to sublethal concentrations of lead on hematological and immunological parameters were investigated. The fish were semistatically exposed to low (L) (0.5mg L-1), medium (M) (2.5mg L-1), and high (H) (5mg L-1) lead concentrations for 14days. At the end of the trial, red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Hct) ratio and hemoglobin levels showed significant decreases in M and H groups, while RBC was significantly increased in L group compared to control group. Lysozyme activity showed a decrease in all groups on day 14 compared to control. A decrease in myeloperoxidase activity was seen in M and H groups on day 7, and in all treatment groups on day 14. In conclusion, it was found that exposure of O. mossambicus to lead concentrations affected hematological and immunogical parameters adversely.Öğe Monthly variations in the blood glucose level of scorpion fish (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) captured from Dardanelles(Ege Univ, Fac Fisheries, 2005) Celik, Ekrem SanverIn this study, monthly variation in blood glucose level of scorpion fish Scorpaena porcus (Linnaeus, 1758) caught from in Dardanelles between July 2000 and June 2001 was determined. The average blood glucose level was determined to be 120.6 +/- 4.3200 mgdL(-1) in the population. The blood glucose level was highest (213.0 +/- 14.4100 mgdL(-1)) in May, and lowest (49.7 +/- 4.2000 mgdL(-1)) in December. However, the value of glucose during pre-reproduction period significantly increased (p<0.05).Öğe SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION OF BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN MENDERES CREEK, CANAKKALE, TURKEY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2009) Akbulut, Mehmet; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Odabasi, Deniz Anil; Kaya, Hasan; Selvi, Kahraman; Arslan, Naime; Odabasi, Serpil S.Seasonal changes of proportional distribution, biotic indices, abundance, and frequency of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in Menderes Creek were investigated at 5 stations between November 2005 and July 2006. The fauna included a total of 87 taxa belonging principally to Insecta (52 taxa, especially Chironomidae), Oligochaeta (12 taxa), Mollusca (11 taxa), Hirudinae (7 taxa), and Malacostraca (5 taxa). Mean density was estimated to be 778 individuals m(-2) for the 87 taxa. Mollusca (38.5%) and Insecta (39.9%) are the dominant groups among the macroinvertebrate assemblages. Average Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated as 1.41, average Margalef's richness index was 1.27, and average Pielou index was 0.61. The results of one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) indicated that macroinvertebrate compositions were significantly different between sampling sites (p<0.05). ANOSIM and similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) revealed significant differences and a high degree of community dissimilarity within and between the sampling stations.Öğe The Effect of Acidic Stress on Hematological, Immunological and Biochemical Parameters in Triploid and Diploid Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2017) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Kenanoglu, Osman Nezih; Ergün, SebahattinEarly maturity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is an economic loss for fish production industry since flesh quality and appearance get deformed as metabolic energy is directed from somatic growth into reproduction. Triploid fish production dramatically reduces this situation, even if it does not fully wipe it out. However, the resistance of triploid fish against different stress factors resulted from aquaculture conditions is contentious compared to diploids. Acidic stress results not only from acid rains, acidic polluters and acidic waste water, but it might also result from increasing stock density under aquaculture circumstances. It is already known that acidic water has negative effects on fish. The present study investigated the effect of acidic stress on haematological, immunological and serum biochemical variables of the diploid and triploid rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Acidic stress was achieved by exposing the sampled fish to acidic water (pH 5.2) for 4 days. Results showed that the red blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb, and mean corpuscular Hb concentration, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, triglyceride and cholesterol were not significantly affected by acidic stress in diploid and triploid fish. However, an acidic stress caused an increase in the NBT, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity of diploid fish. This study results indicate that the some non-specific immune functions of triploid rainbow trout did not affect by acidic water.
