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    CURRENT STATUS OF HIV/AIDS-SYPHILIS CO-INFECTIONS: A RETROSPECTIVE MULTICENTRE STUDY
    (Natl Inst Public Health, 2019) Sargul, Figen; Sayan, Murat; Inan, Dilara; Deveci, Aydin; Ceran, Nurgul; Celen, Mustafa Kemal; Cagatay, Atahan
    Objective: Treponema pallidum and HIV are transmitted frequently through sexual contact, these agents with epidemiological similarities co-infect the same host. The current number of HIV-infected cases in Turkey is increasing. For this reason, we aimed to reveal the characteristics of syphilis in HIV/AIDS cases. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was performed, patients were followed up at 24 clinics in 16 cities from all seven regions of Turkey between January 2010 to April 2018. We examined the socio-demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters and neurosyphilis association in HIV/AIDS-syphilis co-infected cases. Results: Among 3,641 patients with HIV-1 infection, 291 (8%) patients were diagnosed with syphilis co-infection. Most patients were older than 25 years (92%), 96% were males, 74% were working, 23% unemployed, and 3% were students. The three highest prevalence of syphilis were in Black Sea (10.3%), Mediterranean (8.4%) and Marmara Regions (7.4%). As for sexual orientation, 46% were heterosexuals, 42% men who have sex with men (MSM), and no data available for 12%. Patients with the number of CD4+<= 350 mm(3) reached 46%, 17% of the patients received antiretroviral therapy and neurosyphilis association reached 9%. Conclusion: Although HIV/AIDS-syphilis co-infection status appeared high in heterosexuals, MSM had a moderate level increase in cases. Our results suggested syphilis co-infection in HIV/AIDS cases should be integral part of monitoring in a national sexual transmitted diseases surveillance system. However, our data may provide base for HIV/syphilis prevention and treatment efforts in the future.
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    Molecular Identification of HIV-1 in the Presence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Co-infections
    (Galenos Publ House, 2020) Sayan, Murat; Ozguler, Muge; Yildirim, Figen Sarigul; Yildirmak, Taner; Gunduz, Alper; Dokuzoguz, Basak; Celen, Mustafa Kemal
    Background: Because of their similar modes of transmission, the simultaneous infection of viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus are increasingly seen as a big problem related to human health. Aims: To determine the drug mutations in hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus co-infected human immunodeficiency virus-1 patients in Turkey. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: The present study was conducted between 2010 and 2017. HBsAg, anti-hepatitis C virus, and anti-human immunodeficiency vim were tested with ELISA. All anti-human immunodeficiency virus positive results by ELISA were verified for anti-human immunodeficiency virus positivity by a Western blot test, and Antihuman immunodeficiency virus positive patients with HBsAg andior anti-hepatitis C virus positivity were included in the study. Subtyping and genotypic resistance analyses were performed by population sequencing of the viral protease and reverse transcriptase regions of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 pol gene. Results: We detected 3896 human immunodeficiency virus-1 positive patients whose sera were sent from numerous hospitals across the country to our polymerase chain reaction unit for detection of drug resistance mutations and whose molecular laboratory tests were completed. Viral hepatitis co-infections were detected in 4.3% (n=170) of patients. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection were observed in 3.2% and 0.5% of all human immunodeficiency virus-I infected patients, respectively. The major human immunodeficiency virus-1 subtype detected was group M, subtype B (62.9%). However, 13.5% of drug resistance mutation motifs were found in human immunodeficiency virus-1 genomes of patients included in the study. Conclusion: Due to similar transmission routes, HIV1 patients are at risk of hepatitis B and C virus co-infection. However, antiretroviral drug resistance mutation model is similar to patients with hepatitis negative.
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    The evaluation of exposure to hepatitis A virus in HBsAg-positive persons: A multicentre study from Turkey
    (Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2014) Celen, Mustafa Kemal; Turker, Kamuran; Oztoprak, Nefise; Sener, Alper; Tuna, Nazan; Ince, Nevin; Erdem, Ilknur
    Chronic hepatitis B is a major public health problem in our country. Hepatitis A vaccination in HBV carriers who did not encounter with Hepatitis A virus is also significant. We aimed to evaluate the rate of exposure to HAV in HBsAg-positive persons, and the distribution of seronegative individuals according to age groups. Medical records of 4793 patients from 14 centers who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A total 3514 cases (73.3%) were male and 1279 (26.7) were female. The HBsAg positive patients who were previously tested for HAV IgG at the time of firstly admitted to a center. HBsAg positive patients who were previously not tested for HAV IgG were tested and these . patients were confirmed serologically for HAV. The distribution of cases according to age were determined. In this study, 4793 HBsAg-positive patients were evaluated. The ratio of testing of anti-HAV IgG was very low during the first visit (54.2%). Seronegativity was highest in the age group under 19 years of age (26.2%) followed by 20-25 age group (15.5%) and 26-29 age group (12.5%). Testing of HAV serology should not be ignored in especially HBsAg-positive young adults and seronegative young adults should be vaccinated.