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Öğe A Study on Determining the Ideal Stock Density of Freshwater Crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) in Polyculture with Rice (Oryza sativa L.)(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2019) Berber, Selcuk; Kale, Semih; Bulut, Musa; Izci, BahriThis paper aims to determine optimum stock density for rice-crayfish rearing in controlled environment. Juvenile freshwater crayfish (Pontastams ieptodady/us) obtained in the laboratory condition from female freshwater crayfish were stocked into rice planted artificial pond at different stock densit ies (25 individuals m(-2), 50 individuals m(-2), and 100 individuals m(-2)) for the assessment of paddy field areas in terms of field fisheries in Turkey. Results showed that the best survival rate (72%) and growth for juvenile freshwater crayfish in point of length and weight has been observed at the stock density of 25 individuals m(-2). In addition, statistically significant difference has been found between this stock density and the other stock densities (p<0.05). The maximum survival rate was observed as 72% at the stock density of 25 individuals m(-2). The results of this study are significantly different when compared with Other feeding researches on juvenile freshwater crayfish in Turkey. The stock density of 25 individuals m(-2) should be applied to gain maximum yield in rice- crayfish rearing experiments suggested as an alternative met hod for crayfish rearing. This paper. the first study on the investigation of different stock density for rice-crayfish rearing, will shed light on the further researches.Öğe A Study on the Relationships between Some Morphological and Reproductive Traits of the Turkish Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 (Crustacea: Decapoda)(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2010) Berber, Selcuk; Yildiz, Harun; Ates, A. Suat; Bulut, Musa; Mendes, MehmetThis study was carried out to investigate relationships between some morphological and reproductive traits of the Turkish crayfish, A. leptodactylus, collected from a controlled irrigation lake in the Yenice province (Canakkale, Turkey), between July 2007 and June 2008. For this objective, two multivariate analysis techniques, namely canonical correlation analysis and multivariate multiple linear regression analysis, were used. The results of the canonical correlation analysis have shown that the morphological traits may be used to predict the changes in the reproductive traits. For instance, canonical correlation analysis results suggested that the egg weight and the number of eggs are related to the total length, carapace length, and carapace width. The results of multivariate multiple linear regression analysis, on the other hand, show a slightly different picture. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that both canonical correlation and multivariate regression results can be taken into consideration together when investigating the relations between two variable sets.Öğe According to Canonical Correlation, the Evaluation of Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) Blood Chemistry(Medwell Online, 2010) Bulut, Musa; Gultepe, Nejdet; Mendes, Mehmet; Guroy, Derya; Palaz, MustafaBlood chemistry parameters can provide essential information on the physiological status of the animal and therefore allow accurate evaluations of the general health status. Canonical correlation analysis is a fundamental statistical tool. The goal of canonical correlation analysis is to evaluate the relative contribution of each variable to the derived canonical functions in order to explain nature of the relationships. CCA was used to determining, whether the blood protein parameters are related in any way to the blood lipids, enzymes, minerals. However, a linear association between predictor variables (blood proteins) and dependent variables (lipids, enzymes and minerals) were determining. These analyses results shown that canonical correlation analysis can be using prediction of relationships from blood proteins with other blood chemistry parameters.Öğe Bio-economic efficiency of copper alloy mesh technology in offshore cage systems for sustainable aquaculture(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2017) Yigit, Umut; Ergün, Sebahattin; Bulut, Musa; Celikkol, Barbaros; Yigit, MuratIn the present study, innovative and environment friendly copper alloy mesh material was used in an offshore cage system to compare with traditional nylon nets, in a one-year grow-out cycle of European seabass (Dicentrarchuslabrax). Based on combined indicators such as growth performance, feed utilization with bio-economic assessment of initial investment costs, it was observed that copper alloy mesh performed higher productivity indices and economic benefits compared to those in the antifouling coated traditional nylon net pens. Results showed that copper alloy mesh is a promising alternative material that could be used in offshore cage aquaculture with an improved economic return.Öğe Bioaccumulation of trace metals in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from a fish farm with copper-alloy mesh pens and potential risk assessment(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2018) Yigit, Murat; Celikkol, Barbaros; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Bulut, Musa; Ozalp, Baris; Dwyer, Robert L.; Maita, MasashiConcentrations of trace metals were determined in the muscle tissue, digestive gland and gills of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from different locations around an offshore copper alloy fish farm. Levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) as mg/kg wet weight in the edible part of the mussels collected from distant zone (upstream Zn7.33 > Fe2.8 > Cu0.13 > Mn0.07 and downstream Zn9.9 > Fe5.67 > Cu0.18 > Mn0.17) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those sampled from the cage zone (bottom panel Zn22.25 > Fe13.75 > Cu2.39 > Mn0.85 and cage frame Zn17.1 > Fe8.74 > Cu1.39 > Mn0.26). Trace metal concentrations in mussels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the samples from the frame and bottom panel of the copper alloy mesh pen, compared to those from distant areas, namely the farm affected downstream - and non-affected upstream locations. However, the rates of target hazard quotients (THQ) for all tested trace metals from all locations in the present study were smaller than one (THQ < 1), indicating that the consumption of mussels grown around a cage farm with copper alloy mesh pens were within safe limits and did not exceed maximum levels suggested by the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and European Union (EU) regulations for seafood consumption.Öğe Çanakkale Boğazı'ndaki evsel kirliliğin littoral bentik krustase (Arthropoda) kommunite yapısı üzerine etkileri(2009) Ateş, A. Suat; Katağan, Tuncer; Sezgin, Murat; Özdilek, Göksel Hasan; Berber, Selçuk; Bulut, Musa[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Comparision of copper alloy mesh with conventional nylon nets in offshore cage farming of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2018) Yiğit, Murat; Çelikkol, Barbaros; Özalp, Barış; Bulut, Musa; Dwyer, Robert L.; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Maita, Masashi; Büyükateş, YeşimIn the present study, a new net technology of copper alloy mesh (CAM) was tested and compared with traditional nylon nets either with (TNN+AF)-or without antifouling coats (TNN–AF) in a long-term growth experiment on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fish performed better growth and feed utilization in the CAM pen over the TNN+AF and TNN–AF, with a survival rate over 85% in all cage environments after the 7 months growth period. Relative wet weight gain of seabream in the CAM and TNN+AF pens were 25% and 15% higher compared to the TNN–AF cage, respectively. Surface of the TNN–AF mesh remained clean for two months after sea water deployment, while the mesh size in the TNN+AF pen remained effective for four months, and shrinking in mesh size thereafter. Dissolved oxygen was highest inside the CAM followed by the TNN+AF and TNN–AF cages, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrate that CAM might be beneficial for cage farming in offshore conditions, however further studies are encouraged to evaluate leaching of metals into the marine environment as well as toxic influences on fish tissues and health risks to human consumers. © 2018, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe Determination of fish consumption in Çanakkale(2020) Saka, Fahri; Bulut, MusaFish plays a key role in human consumption in terms of protein, mineral, and essential fatty acid contents. Unfortunately, despite its importance for the human health, there is lack interest on the fish consumption in Turkey. In this context, this paper aimed to determine the fish consumption habits in Çanakkale. It is estimated that fish consumption could be higher in the locations along the coasts of marine and inland waters. Therefore, consumers living in all districts of the city were surveyed to test this hypothesis. The questionnaire was carried out to provide an insight into the fish consumption habits of randomly selected 1056 consumers in Çanakkale. Socio-economic and demographic structures such as age, gender, educational status, profession, income level of the consumers were determined. Responses of the consumers were arranged and analysed by using SPSS and MS-Excel software. Moreover, fish consumption amount, consumption frequency, preferred fish species, most consumed fish species were also determined. The results give an excellent snapshot of fish consumption habits in Çanakkale. Both the most consumed and the most favourite fish species are identified as Sarda sarda. Fish consumption frequency was described as 33.3% (352 individuals) for consuming fish one a week followed by bimonthly frequency (21.9%, 231 individuals) and monthly frequency (21.5%, 227 individuals). 2.3% (24 individuals) of the participants noted that they never consume fish. Moreover, the majority of consumers specified that they consume fish 1-2 kg (39.0%, 312 individuals) and 27.3% (288 individuals) consume fish 0.5-1 kg. Socio-economic and demographic characteristics of consumers are affecting the fish consumption habits. In the present study, season, income level, and freshness of fish are found to be driving force for fish consumption in Çanakkale. Therefore, fish farmers and sellers are recommended to remain the freshness of fish and to follow the appropriate fishing season for providing fish to consumers.Öğe Early ontogenic development of the fatty acid composition in seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) eggs and juveniles from captive broodstocks(Adem Yavuz SÖNMEZ, 2014) Tan, Serap; Bulut, Musa; Bilen, SonerIn the present study, effects of different diets on the fatty acid composition of hatched seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) at after fertilization of the egg (E), and yolk sac (Y) stages have been investigated. In the study, the fish were fed with Artemia (A), Artemia-microparticulate mix (AMD) and microparticulate diet (M). According to the results of the study, the levels of total PUFAs in the total lipid (TL) were significantly higher in eggs (E) (P<0.05) compared to the other groups. 14:1, 15:1, 17:1 and 22:1n 9 and also aracidonic acid and docosaksaneoic acid could not be detected in Artemia but detectable in E and Y groups. During the development stages, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), arachidonic (20:4n6 ArA), eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) were decreased significantly (P<0.05) till the AMD stage. ArA, EPA and DHA were used as energy sources by Dicentrarchus labrax larvae. Total n-3 content showed the highest levels at the AMD stage, which was followed by the M, E, Y and A stages, respectively. EPA/DHA ratio was the highest in the AMD group (P>0.05). In the study, seabass fatty acid composition at different growth stages was affected by diet composition. After feeding stage especially in the AMD and M groups, essential fatty acids were provided from diets.Öğe Effects of Laurel (Laurus nobilis) on the Non-Specific Immune Responses of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum)(Medwell Online, 2010) Bilen, Soner; Bulut, MusaIn this study, it is investigated that immunostimulant effects of laurel powder by dietary intake on rainbow trout. After 14 days of adaptation on a control diet 3 groups of rainbow trout were fed the experimental diets containing 0.5 and 1% laurel leaf powder for 21 days. The fish were then switched back to the control diet. Non-specific immunity was investigated at the end of the 21 day experimental feeding period and then again 42nd, 63rd days later. The non-specific immune parameters, extracellular and intracellular respiratory burst activities, phagocytosis in blood leukocytes, lysozyme and total plasma protein level were evaluated. The result of this study showed no effect on respiratory burst, lysozyme activity and total plasma protein levels. Phagocytic activity of fish fed diet supplemented 0.5 and %1 laurel, respectively was significantly higher than other groups. However, there is no correlation between dosages of laurel.Öğe Effects of laurel (Laurus nobilis) on the non-specific immune responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum)(2010) Bilen, Soner; Bulut, MusaIn this study, it is investigated that immunostimulant effects of laurel powder by dietary intake on rainbow trout. After 14 days of adaptation on a control diet 3 groups of rainbow trout were fed the experimental diets containing 0.5 and 1 % laurel leaf powder for 21 days. The fish were then switched back to the control diet. Non-specific immunity was investigated at the end of the 21 day experimental feeding period and then again 42nd, 63rd days later. The non-specific immune parameters, extracellular and intracellular respiratory burst activities, phagocytosis in blood leukocytes, lysozyme and total plasma protein level were evaluated. The result of this study showed no effect on respiratory burst, lysozyme activity and total plasma protein levels. Phagocytic activity of fish fed diet supplemented 0.5 and %1 laurel, respectively was significantly higher than other groups. However, there is no correlation between dosages of laurel. © Medwell Journals, 2010.Öğe Effects of some heavy metals on hatching of fertilized eggs in four marine fish species in Aliaga Bay (Eastern Aegean Sea), Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2008) Bulut, Musa; Akbulut, Mehmet; Ates, A. Suat; Mendes, MehmetThe present study was carried out to determine the effects of some heavy metals Such as Cd, Mn, Zn on hatching success of fertilized eggs of four marine fish species, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), Spat-Lis aurata (Linnaeus, 1758), Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758), Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Aliaga Bay (Eastern Aegean Sea). The relationships between heavy metal concentrations in eggs and their hatching success were determined by multiple linear regression analysis. Results showed that magnitude and type of the effects of the three heavy metals studied in this research on egg hatching ratios differed based on fish species. In terms of the magnitude of the effect, Zn has a greater effect than Cd and Mn on the hatching in D. dentex, while it is smaller in D. labrax. The effects-of Zn on egg hatching are in the same direction and about the same level for S. aurata and L mormyrus.Öğe Environmental Characteristics in a Fish Farm with Copper Alloy Cage System in the Dardanelles(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2020) Uzundumlu, Sinan; Buyukates, Yesim; Yigit, Murat; Bulut, Musa; Gurses, Ridvan Kaan; Celikkol, BarbarosThis study was conducted in a copper alloy cage fish farm to observe the environmental properties of the marine system. Water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, chlorophyll-a and inorganic nutrients such as NO2+NO3, NH4, PO4 and SiO2 were observed between May 2014 and September 2014 in the study area. The observed results were compared with acceptable limits pronounced in international organizations such as EPA and FAO, and national organizations such as WPCR and RTMAF as well as the previous studies conducted in the region. According to the results, a decrease in dissolved oxygen and pH was observed at the farm while increases in inorganic nutrients except for ammonia were recorded. TSS values showed significant positive correlation with TP, indicating that TSS was supported by fecal pellets or unused fish feed in the cage system. MDS analysis results showed that TSS, chlorophyll-a and TP were similar throughout the sampling period. The study showed that copper alloy cage system did not have any negative impact on the marine system, compared with the limits provided by FAO, EPA, WPCR and RTMAF as well as with previously conducted studies in the region.Öğe Evaluation of dietary protein and lipid requirements of two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris) cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system(Springer, 2014) Bulut, Musa; Yigit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Kesbic, Osman Sabri; Acar, Umit; Gultepe, Nejdet; Karga, MustafaThe objective of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on the growth performance and bioeconomic benefits of two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris) juveniles, a candidate species for aquaculture sector. Eight experimental diets were formulated with four protein (50, 45, 40 and 35 %) levels for each of the two lipid levels (15 and 10 %). Triplicate groups of juvenile fish with an average initial body weight of similar to 3.64 g were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system and hand fed twice a day until satiation for a period of 60 days. In the experiment, no difference in survival rate was found between the different groups. Relative growth rate (RGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and daily feed intake were not significantly affected by increasing protein and/or lipid treatments in this present study. However, the RGR, SGR and FCR values showed slightly better efficiency in the experimental group (35/15) fed with lower protein content (35 %) and higher lipid level (15 %) compared with those fed other diets. According to bioeconomic analyses results, the diet with the 35 % protein and 15 % lipid generated the best profit. The results suggest that two-banded seabream can be accepted as a promising alternative species for the aquaculture industry and optimum growth of two-banded seabream fingerlings can be obtained when they are fed a diet containing 35 % crude protein and 15 % crude lipid.Öğe Evaluation of Dietary Protein Level in Practical Feed for Twoband Bream Diplodus vulgaris(Wiley, 2018) Yigit, Murat; Sahinyilmaz, Merve; Acar, Umit; Kesbic, Osman; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Bulut, Musa; Gurses, KaanThe effects of different dietary protein levels on growth performance and health status of TwobandBream Diplodus vulgaris juveniles were investigated. Three test diets that had increasing protein levels (30, 36, and 42%) and used fish meal as the protein source were formulated. Each of the test diets was fed in triplicate groups of 28 juvenile fish (initial weight, 23.65 +/- 0.34 [mean +/- SD]) to satiety for a period of 80d. Growth performance and feed utilization were best in the group fed the diet with a protein level of 36%. Ammonia nitrogen excretion showed an increasing trend as dietary protein levels increased, and retention rates of ammonia nitrogen per intake were highest in fish fed the 42% protein diet. Whole-body proximate composition and hematological variables were not significantly affected by protein level in the diets. However, serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values were significantly affected by dietary protein level and showed an increasing trend as the dietary protein level in the diets increased. As a result, an improved health status of Twoband Bream was observed in the fish fed a 36% protein level.Öğe EVALUATION OF THE RECOVERY TIME OF SEA BASS (DICENTRARCHUS LABRAX LINNAEUS, 1758) JUVENILES FROM TRANSPORT AND HANDLING STRESS: USING AMMONIA NITROGEN EXCRETION RATES AS A STRESS INDICATOR(Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, 2011) Kayali, Betul; Yigit, Murat; Bulut, MusaA time-course study was conducted in order to evaluate the recovery time of juvenile Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax from transport and handling stress. Among metabolite indices, ammonia nitrogen excretion rates were used as stress indicator. The measurements were carried out in water ambience of 13 1 degrees C under natural light conditions (16L/8D photoperiod). Juveniles were transported for about 2 hours in a fish transport tank with oxygen supply. Handling stress was due to netting at the outlet site during stocking fish into the transport tank and netting at the experimental facility while transferring fish from transport tank into experimental tanks. At the end of transportation, ammonia nitrogen excretion rates of sea bass juveniles in the transport tank became about 4 times higher than that in sea water at the outlet facility. Ammonia nitrogen concentrations in fish exposed to transport and handling stress peaked 10 hours after stocking in to the tanks, and then declined to initial values 24 h after stocking. In fish under normal condition and without stress, the postprandial trend of ammonia nitrogen excretion was similar, however, a peak was reached 6 hours after feeding, and then decreased to initial values 24 h after feeding. Based on the duration for recovery of ammonia nitrogen excretion in fish, it is suggested that sea bass juveniles may completely recover from stress caused by transportation and handling, and return to normal feeding conditions in 24 hours after a 2 hour truck transport.Öğe Evaluation of the recovery time of Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax linnaeus, 1758) juveniles from transport and handling stress: Using ammonia nitrogen excretion rates as a stress indicator(2011) Kayali, Betül; Yigit, Murat; Bulut, MusaA time-course study was conducted in order to evaluate the recovery time of juvenile Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from transport and handling stress. Among metabolite indices, ammonia nitrogen excretion rates were used as stress indicator. The measurements were carried out in water ambience of 13 ± 1°C under natural light conditions (16L/8D photoperiod). Juveniles were transported for about 2 hours in a fish transport tank with oxygen supply. Handling stress was due to netting at the outlet site during stocking fish into the transport tank and netting at the experimental facility while transferring fish from transport tank into experimental tanks. At the end of transportation, ammonia nitrogen excretion rates of sea bass juveniles in the transport tank became about 4 times higher than that in sea water at the outlet facility. Ammonia nitrogen concentrations in fish exposed to transport and handling stress peaked 10 hours after stocking in to the tanks, and then declined to initial values 24 h after stocking. In fish under normal condition and without stress, the postprandial trend of ammonia nitrogen excretion was similar, however, a peak was reached 6 hours after feeding, and then decreased to initial values 24 h after feeding. Based on the duration for recovery of ammonia nitrogen excretion in fish, it is suggested that sea bass juveniles may completely recover from stress caused by transportation and handling, and return to normal feeding conditions in 24 hours after a 2 hour truck transport.Öğe Fatty acid profiles in wild axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) versus cage-aggregated and cage-farmed fish with reference to nutritional contribution for human consumers(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2018) Öztekin, Alkan; Yiğit, Murat; Kızılkaya, Bayram; Uçyol, Nail; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Tan, Evren; Bulut, Musa; Ergün, Sebahattin; Ayaz, AdnanFatty acid profiles of cage-farmed axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) were compared with their wild representatives aggregated around the cage system and those from a distance area far from the fish farm. Wild fish contained higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 36.47 g/100 g lipid) than the cage-aggregated (30.16 g/100 g lipid) or cage-farmed fish (29.20 g/100 g lipid). However, the most salient difference between wild and farmed-fish was the fat content with two-times higher levels in the latter (7.70% versus 3.05%). This resulted in a higher nutritional contribution of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which totally covered the recommendations of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) with higher rate in cage-farmed (140%, CFF) and cage-aggregated axillary seabream (130%, CAF) compared to the wild populations of P. acarne from distant area (99%, WCF). As a result, all fish either farmed, cage-aggregated or wild-caught individuals met the minimum nutritional contribution for EPA+DHA in the order of CFF > CAF > WCF. © 2018, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe Gökuşağı alabalığı (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum) ve melez albinolarının kan kimyası üzerine campylobacter upsaliensis enfeksiyonunun etkileri(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 1999) Bulut, Musa; Aydın, SeyitÖZET Araştırmada, gökkuşağı alabalıkları (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) ve albino melezlerinde Campylobacter npsaliensis enfeksiyonunun klinik etkileri ile balıkların kan kimyasında meydana gelen değişmeler incelenmiştir. Balıklara 5xl05 canlı Campylobacter ııpsaliensis bakteri hücresi intramüsküler yolla enjekte edilerek oluşturulan enfeksiyonun normal gökkuşağı alabalığı grubunda %90, melez albino grupta ise %100 ölüme sebep olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ancak melez albino balıkların stres ve enfeksiyondan çok daha çabuk etkilendikleri görülmüştür. Enfeksiyonun etkisi ile koma haline giren balıkların ve enjeksiyon sırasında stresin etkisi ile ölen balıkların kan glukoz seviyelerinde önemli azalmalar görülmüştür (p<0.01). Grupların serum kolesterol seviyeleri arasında istatistiki olarak önemli fark bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Enfeksiyondan ölen normal alabalıkların ve melez albinoların serum trigliserit seviyelerinin sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede yükseldiği görülmüş (p<0.05), diğer gruplar arasında ise önemli farklılıklar bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Enfeksiyondan ölen normal gökkuşağı alabalığı ve albino melezi balıklar ile enjeksiyon stresi ile ölen balıkların serum GOT(glutamat oksalasetat transaminaz) seviyeleri, sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre artmıştır (p<0.05). Fakat diğer grupların farklılıkları istatistiki olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Serum GPT (glutamat piruvat transaminaz) seviyesi ise; enfeksiyondan ölen albino melezi grupta sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede yükselmiştir (p<0.05). Yapılan diğer grupların GPT seviyeleri arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur.Öğe Hazelnut meal in diets for seawater farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): effects on growth performance and body composition(Pagepress Publ, 2009) Bulut, Musa; Tekinay, Ahmet Adem; Guroy, Derya; Ergün, Sebahattin; Bilen, SonerA 77-day feeding trial was designed in order to assess the effect of partial or total replacement of soybean meal by hazelnut meal (HNM) on feed intake, growth performance, nutrient utilization and body composition of rainbow trout (initial mean body weight: 80.0 +/- 3.5 g) in seawater conditions. A control and three experimental diets were formulated in which soybean meal level (25.5%) in the control diet was replaced by hazelnut meal at 39.2 (HN 39), 78.4 (FIN 78) and 100% (RN 100) to provide 44% crude protein and 20% crude lipid diets. Diets were fed to 125 rainbow trout to apparent satiation by hand twice daily at 09.00 and 16.00 hours under natural photoperiod conditions. At the end of the feeding trial, fish of all groups almost tripled their body weight and no significant difference (P>0.05) was revealed in final weight or specific growth rate between treatments. However, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the HN100 group was significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). There was a slightly decreasing trend in protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein utilization (NPU) with increasing level of dietary hazelnut meal, but it was only significant in groups of fish fed HN100. All groups of fish displayed similar carcass and muscle compositions. According to the results of the present study, it can be stated that hazelnut meal can replace soybean meal at up to 200 g kg(-1) in grow-out diets of rainbow trout without any detrimental effects on growth performance.
