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    Analyzing Content and Information Quality of Instagram® Posts About #teethwhitening
    (Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry, 2023) Buldur, Mehmet; Misilli, Tuğba; Ayan, Gizem
    Objectives: Getting information on health issues from social media applications provides autonomy to patients; however, different types of content can lead to the development of inappropriate norms. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the content and information quality of Instagram® posts about teeth whitening. Materials and Methods: The first 100 posts were included in the three search periods, which started in October 2022 and were carried out at two-week intervals. (n=300) The #teethwhitening hashtag, which was determined as a trend topic in each search period, was used. The content of the posts was analyzed over eight questions, whereas their general information quality was analyzed according to the modified DISCERN analysis on seven questions. The demographic data of the posts were evaluated in two parts: a) account and b) data of the post. The distribution of the user questions and other hashtags (#) mentioned in the posts were also analyzed. Data normality checked via the Shapiro Wilk test, then applied Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, Bonferroni tests, and Spearman correlation as needed for non-normal data. Results: 191 posts were excluded from the research. 42% (n=46) of the posts had “low” information content. In addition, the mean value of the content was 2.77 (min 0, max 8/n=109). The mean score in the modified DISCERN score was 11.83 (min 7, max 35/n=109). 53% (n= 57) of the posts were related either to prosthetic treatments alone or to combined treatments that included prosthetic procedures. Most of the posts mentioned the hashtag "#veneer/s". Questions such as cost, duration of treatment, and appointment procedures were also asked as comments under the posts. Conclusions: It can be stated that the content and information quality of Instagram® posts about #teethwhitening are insufficient and may direct patients to more interventional invasive treatment options. © (2023), (Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry). All Rights Reserved.
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    Analyzing Content and Quality of YouTube™ Videos on Removal of Amalgam Fillings
    (Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2022) Buldur, Mehmet; Bal, Fatma Aytac
    Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the information quality and content of operational videos available on YouTube (TM) regarding removal of amalgam fillings. Methods: The videos were determined using the words Removal of amalgam fillings and Replacement of amalgam fillings in the YouTube (TM) search section. 85 videos were included for analysis. Demographics of videos, viewers' interactions, and viewing rates were evaluated. The videos were analyzed in two parameters in terms of audio-visual quality and the SMART (Safe Mercury Amalgam Removal Technique) protocol steps. Results: It was determined that dentist accounts ranked first (62%) in the distribution of video sources. While only 19% of the videos were of Excellent audio-visual quality, 49% were rated as Moderate and 33% were rated as Poor. In the SMART evaluation, while only 10% of the videos got the Maximal Useful score, the majority of the videos got the Slightly Useful score (58%). There was no statistical relationship between the View Rate and Interaction Index variables of the videos (p> 0.05). Conclusions: Operational videos about removal of dental amalgam fillings should be uploaded to YouTube (TM) after approval by the experts of the subject. Students should be warned about videos which contain insufficient information. Videos should be prepared in line with current information in the literature.
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    CAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE EFFECTIVELY RESPOND TO FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT FLUORIDE USAGE AND EFFECTS? A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON CHATGPT
    (Int Soc Fluoride Research, 2023) Buldur, Mehmet; Sezer, Berkant
    Objectives: The frequently asked questions about fluoride, as determined by the American Dental Association (ADA), were asked to Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) and the answers were qualitatively compared with those of the ADA. Methods: Questions were posed to ChatGPT on May 8th and 16th, 2023, and the responses were recorded. The answers from the ADA webpage were also recorded. The responses were compared for similarity in word and meaning, both within ChatGPT's responses over a one-week interval and between ChatGPT's responses and ADA's responses. Results: While the responses provided by ChatGPT with a one-week interval had similar information content, in the comparison made with the ADA, ChatGPT provided more detailed and scientific answers. However, both shared the same central idea about fluoride and its role in oral health. Conclusions: The accuracy and reliability of the answers given by the applications developed with artificial intelligence (AI) are of great importance, and it has been seen that the answers given by ChatGPT to the questions asked about fluoride are sufficient and reliable. Clinical Relevance: Advancements in technology, particularly in artificial intelligence, enable individuals to access accurate and reliable information about a topic quickly and in appropriate ways.
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    Cross-cultural adaptation of the Turkish version of the dentin hypersensitivity experience questionnaire short form (DHEQ-15)
    (BMC, 2024) Ayan, Gizem; Misilli, Tugba; Buldur, Mehmet
    Background The short form of the Dentin Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire (DHEQ-15) is a valid and reliable tool for Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) studies. The aim of this study was cross-culturally adapt and validate the English version of DHEQ-15 for the Turkish language. Methods The Turkish version of the DHEQ-15 was developed using the forward-backward translation method. Two independent translators translated it from English to Turkish, followed by back-translation into English. A pilot study was conducted with 30 patients with dentin hypersensitivity (DH). The sample consisted of 150 individuals with DH and 150 without. DH was assessed using the Schiff Sensitivity Scale by applying air to the cervical area of the tooth for 1 s from a distance of 1 cm. A total of 300 individuals completed the Turkish DHEQ-15 in the waiting room. Subsequently, 30 randomly selected individuals with DH completed the questionnaire again after 7-10 days to assess test-retest reliability. Participants provided an overall oral health rating assessment on a 6-point scale. The reliability of the DHEQ-15 was assessed using internal consistency and test-retest methods. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) identified its domains, while construct validity was evaluated through cross-cultural (Confirmatory Factor Analysis- CFA), discriminative (Mann-Whitney test) and convergent (Spearman correlation) validity. Results The demographic characteristics of the sample included 137 men and 163 women, with an average age of 36. The Turkish DHEQ-15 demonstrated excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.970) and outstanding test-retest reliability (r = 0.920, p < 0.001), indicating an excellent correlation. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the unidimensional scale structure of the Turkish DHEQ-15 (p = 0.000). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the DHEQ-15 score and the overall oral health rating assessment (p < 0.05). Participants with DH had a significantly higher DHEQ-15 score compared to those without DH (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study provides evidence supporting the cross-cultural validity and reliability of the Turkish DHEQ-15.
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    Evaluating the accuracy of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer version 4 (ChatGPT-4) responses to United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) frequently asked questions about dental amalgam
    (BMC, 2024) Buldur, Mehmet; Sezer, Berkant
    Background The use of artificial intelligence in the field of health sciences is becoming widespread. It is known that patients benefit from artificial intelligence applications on various health issues, especially after the pandemic period. One of the most important issues in this regard is the accuracy of the information provided by artificial intelligence applications.Objective The purpose of this study was to the frequently asked questions about dental amalgam, as determined by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is one of these information resources, to Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer version 4 (ChatGPT-4) and to compare the content of the answers given by the application with the answers of the FDA.Methods The questions were directed to ChatGPT-4 on May 8th and May 16th, 2023, and the responses were recorded and compared at the word and meaning levels using ChatGPT. The answers from the FDA webpage were also recorded. The responses were compared for content similarity in Main Idea, Quality Analysis, Common Ideas, and Inconsistent Ideas between ChatGPT-4's responses and FDA's responses.Results ChatGPT-4 provided similar responses at one-week intervals. In comparison with FDA guidance, it provided answers with similar information content to frequently asked questions. However, although there were some similarities in the general aspects of the recommendation regarding amalgam removal in the question, the two texts are not the same, and they offered different perspectives on the replacement of fillings.Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that ChatGPT-4, an artificial intelligence based application, encompasses current and accurate information regarding dental amalgam and its removal, providing it to individuals seeking access to such information. Nevertheless, we believe that numerous studies are required to assess the validity and reliability of ChatGPT-4 across diverse subjects.
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    Home-use agents in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: clinical effectiveness evaluation with different measurement methods
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Ayan, Gizem; Misilli, Tugba; Buldur, Mehmet
    Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of home-use desensitizing agents over an 8-week period by comparing them using different measurement methods. Methods A randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted with 180 individuals aged between 18 and 70 who clinically diagnosed dentin hypersensitivity (DH) in two or more non-adjacent teeth. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria (n = 164) were randomly allocated into five test groups-using Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), Arginine, Novamin, Propolis, and Potassium nitrate-and a control group using standard fluoride toothpaste. The status of DH was assessed at week 4 and week 8 by the same independent examiner. Changes from baseline in Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire-15 (DHEQ-15), Schiff Sensitivity Scale (SSS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were analysed using ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results All test groups showed statistically significant improvements in DH at weeks 4 and 8 compared to baseline in the DHEQ-15, VAS, and SSS assessments (p < 0.005). In the control group, significant improvements were observed only in the VAS and SSS measurements from baseline to weeks 8 (p < 0.005). The CPP-ACP group demonstrated the greatest reduction in scores by the end of week 8 compared to baseline, with DHEQ-15 (56.68 +/- 17.87), VAS (6.52 +/- 1.48), and SSS (2.32 +/- 0.56). Conclusions Among the tested agents, the CPP-ACP group demonstrated the most notable reduction in DH symptoms by week 8, highlighting its potential as an effective method for alleviating DH symptoms in a home-use agents. Clinical relevance Home-use desensitizing agents are effective in the treatment of DH, improving the daily activities of patients who cannot access clinical care and ensuring the relief of DH before clinical invasive procedures. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06216262.
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    In-vivo evaluation of the effects of short-term dehydration and rehydration on the color differences of immature permanent incisor teeth
    (Wiley, 2024) Buldur, Mehmet; Misilli, Tugba; Sezer, Berkant
    Objective: It is aimed to evaluate the color changes of upper central incisor teeth with different root maturation levels after 15 min of dehydration and rehydration. Materials and Methods: Using the Cvek classification, 60 participants were divided into five groups. A spectrophotometer, equipped with a specially designed jig, was utilized for color measurements. Following isolation, color measurements were conducted at the dehydration process intervals of baseline, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th, and 15th minutes. After mouth rinsing, measurements were repeated at the same time intervals during the rehydration process. CIEDE2000 (Delta E-00) values and the Whiteness Index (WID) were obtained to compare the color changes between the initial readings and each interval. Friedman and Repeated Measures ANOVA were applied to compare classes by time during the dehydration and rehydration periods, as well as ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests to compare by classes for each time (p < 0.05). Results: Significant differences emerged in the mean Delta E-00 values during dehydration and rehydration periods across all Cvek Classes (p < 0.05). While no statistically significant differences were observed among Classes at different minutes during the rehydration period (p > 0.05), it was particularly noted that the mean Delta E-00 values of Classes 2, 3, and 5 at the 2nd minute of dehydration were statistically significantly higher than the mean of Class 1 (p < 0.05). However, when evaluating the starting and ending measurements of both dehydration and rehydration processes, and the overall change in Delta E-00 and Delta WID, no significant variations were detected across the Classes (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In teeth that have just erupted and are still undergoing root development, dehydration in the initial minutes results in noticeable color changes. However, the change in Delta E-00 and Delta WID of the teeth was found to be similar after the dehydration and rehydration processes.
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    Microhardness of glass carbomer and high-viscous glass Ionomer cement in different thickness and thermo-light curing durations after thermocycling aging
    (BMC, 2019) Buldur, Mehmet; Karaarslan, Emine Sirin
    Background: The objective of our study was to compare the upper and lower surface microhardness and surface changes of Glass Carbomer Cement (GCP) and EQUIA Forte (EF) in different thickness after thermo-light curing durations and aging. Methods: A total of 504 samples (5 mm-diameter) were prepared by using GCP-252 (GCP Dental, and Vianen, Netherlands) and EF-252 (EQUIA Forte, GC, Tokyo, Japan). Three different thickness samples (2, 4, and 6 mm) were prepared with 84 samples in each subgroup. The samples were prepared by three curing procedures (Non-exposed, 60s, 90s). Their varnishes were applied to the upper surfaces of half of each subgroup (n = 7). The upper microhardness measurements were evaluated before and after aging. To compare the effect of different thicknesses, the bottom surfaces of the samples were evaluated before aging in terms of microhardness measurements. Also, the upper surfaces were analyzed in the SEM before and after aging. Results: The upper surface values of all the samples were higher than the bottom values (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the varnished and non-varnished samples in both materials (p > 0.05). Although this increase was not significant in some groups, temperature variations increased the surface microhardness values of both materials except for the non-exposed-varnished EF samples. The highest microhardnesses values were recorded in the non-exposed-varnished EF (125.6 +/- 6.79) and unvarnished GCP (88.1 +/- 7.59) samples which were thermo-light cured for 90 s before aging. The bottom hardness values were affected by thickness variations in both GCP and EF materials (p < 0.05). The sample deformations and microcracks after aging were greater than before in all the materials. Thermo-light curing in 90 s to the samples reduced the cracks in both the materials before and after aging. Conclusions: Thermal aging adversely affected the microhardness of the materials, which is important for clinical success. The thermo-light curing process improved the microhardness of the GCP group without varnish application. Varnish application increased the microhardness of the EF group without applying thermo-light curing. The microhardness of the bottom surfaces decreased with increasing thickness. The thermo-light curing did not increase the bottom surface microhardness of all the samples.
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    Twenty-Four-Month Clinical Comparison of Two Bulk-Fill and a Microhybrid Composite Restorations in Class II Cavities
    (Dennis Barber Ltd, 2021) Karaarslan, Emine Şirin; Bal, Fatma Aytaç; Buldur, Mehmet; Altan, Halenur
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of two bulk-fill composite resins in Class II cavities for up to twenty-four months. Materials and Methods: In total 75 Class II restorations were made in 25 patients using two nanohybrid bulk-fill resin composites and a microhybrid composite. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months, using U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The restoration groups were compared using the Pearson chi-square test, and the Cochran Q-test was used to compare the changes across different time points within restorative materials (p<0.05). Results: Two patients who did not attend the appointments were excluded from the study, so 23 patients were evaluated with a 92% recall rate; at the end of the two-year follow-up, 66 restorations were evaluated. Three restorations underwent endodontic treatment and were deemed failures. The overall success rate was 96%. There were statistically significant differences between the three restorative resins in terms of color match parameter (p[removed]0.05). Conclusions: During the two-year follow-up period, the three composite resins showed similar clinical performance except for the color match parameter.
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    Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Ağız-Diş Sağlığına İlişkin Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi
    (2023) Ayan, Gizem; Misilli, Tuğba; Buldur, Mehmet; Örcünlü, Orçun Alp; Taner, Hüseyin
    Amaç: Genel sağlığın ayrılmaz bir parçası olan ağız-diş sağlığının korunmasında diş hekimlerine olduğu kadar tıp hekimlerine de büyük görev düşmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı tıp fakültesi 1. sınıf ve 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin ağız-diş sağlığına ilişkin bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 112 1. sınıf ve 92 6. sınıf öğrencisi dahil edilmiştir. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine ağız-diş sağlıklarına ilişkin bilgi düzeyleri ve oral hijyen alışkanlıklarını değerlendirmek amacıyla 23 sorudan oluşan anket formu online olarak gönderilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizde Frekans ve Ki-kare analizleri kullanılmış, p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin öğrenim yılı ile diş hekimine gitme sıklığı (p=0,011), ağız-diş sağlığı ile ilgili eğitim alma durumu (p=0,023), diş çürüklerinin ve fırçalama sırasında dişeti kanamasının olası nedenleri (p<0,001), diş plağının etkileri (p=0,014), ağız hastalıklarıyla ilişkili olabilecek sistemik hastalıklar ve diş hekimi konsültasyonu gerektiren hasta gruplarına verdikleri yanıtlar (p<0,001) arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Tıp fakültesi öğrencileri, ağız-diş sağlığıyla ilgili en sık diş hassasiyeti, diş çürüğü ve dişeti kanaması problemleri yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Tıp fakültesi eğitimi, öğrencilerin ağız-diş sağlığıyla ilgili bilgi düzeylerinde olumlu anlamda bir katkı sağlasa da bunun yeterli düzeyde olmadığı görülmektedir. Koruyucu diş hekimliği alanında hekimlerin rolünün anlaşılabilmesi için ağız ve diş sağlığı konusunun tıp eğitimi müfredatında yer almasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir