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    Effectiveness of Fly Ash in Boron Removal from Tuzla (Canakkale) Geothermal Fluid
    (Mehmet Sinan Bilgili, 2020) Sahin, Mehmet Oguzhan; Bektas, Tijen Ennil; Yucel, Deniz Sanliyuksel
    The heat accumulated in the inner parts of the earth's crust is transmitted to the fluid in the geothermal aquifer by means of transportation. The heated fluid is transported to the surface either by wells or naturally. Geothermal fluid carried from underground to the surface is used for electricity generation, residential and greenhouse heating, thermal therapy and tourism purposes. The geothermal fluid, whose energy is used, turns into wastewater. In this study, the geothermal fluid in Tuzla geothermal field in Canakkale Province was examined due to its high boron content (10.3 mg/L). It was aimed to remove boron from geothermal fluid by adsorption in order to prevent possible negative effects on the environment. Fly ash was collected from the fluidized bed combustion Can Thermal Power Plant. The specific surface area of the fly ash was 14.6 m(2)/g and the particle size was between 1.45 and 186 mu m. According to ASTM C618 standard, fly ash was classified as Class C. Fly ash was composed of anhydrite, lime, hematite, cristobalite, quartz, calcite and feldspar. The effects of various parameters, such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, were examined to determine the optimum conditions for boron removal from geothermal fluid. The adsorption kinetics of boron was evaluated with respect to the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle kinetic models. The experimental data were modeled by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models.