Yazar "Basaran, Mustafa" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Assessing the performance of wind erosion prediction models of RWEQ and SWEEP by direct measurements in an arid region
    (Elsevier, 2024) Kaplan, Sema; Basaran, Mustafa; Erpul, Gunay
    Wind erosion field studies allow researchers to conduct simulations under natural conditions, thus play a significant role in investigating wind erosion processes. Direct measurements are also used to validate and improve existing erosion models. There is a need to develop sustainable land-use practices and management strategies and to assess potential current and future trends of wind erosion risk in arid and semi-arid regions. This study assessed wind erosion-induced soil losses in 11 different wind cases encountered within the wheat-fallow production system in a semi-arid region of T & uuml;rkiye between 2017 and 2020 to eliminate the wind erosion threats on soil resources. Direct measurements and two estimation models (RWEQ and SWEEP) were employed to assess soil loss. Grid sampling method and BEST (R) sediment traps were utilized to measure wind-blown soil in the field directly. Present findings revealed that wind erosion threatened both plots in different seasons. The wheatcultivated plot was highly susceptible to wind erosion in autumn when winter cereals are sown, while the fallow plot showed susceptibility in spring. Throughout the entire measurement period (3-years), wind erosioninduced soil transportation was measured as 1383 kg ha-1 for fallow plots and 2548 kg ha-1 for wheat-cultivated plots. Model performance was assessed through correlations (r), root mean square error (RMSE) and d-test results. The results demonstrated that the calibrated RWEQ (RWEQcal) model provided reasonably accurate estimates of wind erosion for both fallow and wheat-cultivated lands, with relatively low RMSE values of 0.34 and 0.46, d-test values of 0.26 and 0.27, and correlation coefficients of 0.69 and 0.85, respectively. Model results highlighted the importance of model calibration for local conditions; otherwise, they may produce underestimated and overestimated results.
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    HEAVY METAL, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ADSORPTION OF COMPACTED LINER MIXTURES
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Gokalp, Zeki; Tas, Ismail; Uzun, Oguzhan; Kaplan, Sema; Basaran, Mustafa
    Nitrate, phosphorus and heavy metals are among the most common pollutants and create potential dangers for groundwater contamination. In this research, a liner design was proposed for waste repository sites, constructed wetland basins and manure management lagoons to prevent groundwater contamination by seepages from the bottom of these facilities. For this purpose, sand-bentonite and pumice-bentonite mixtures with pre-defined grain size range (1.00-0.50 mm) and bentonite content (30%) was used. The mixtures were compacted at optimum moisture content and maximum dry weight and then permeability tests were carried out over compacted mixtures. Various concentrations of nitrate, phosphorus (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm) and heavy metal (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr and Cu) solutions (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm) were used to saturate the permeability test samples. Extracts of permeability tests were used to investigate the adsorption characteristics of proposed mixtures for liner design. With regard to heavy metal adsorption, bentonite had the best performance because it is a clay mineral. Sand and pumice exhibited similar performances in lead and cadmium adsorption, but pumice had much better performance than sand in chrome, copper and nickel adsorption. Although sand-bentonite and pumice-bentonite mixtures exhibited similar performance in nitrate adsorption, again pumice-bentonite mixtures had much better performance than sand-bentonite mixtures in phosphorus adsorption. Current results revealed that pumice with macro-micro pore structure and resultant adsorptive surface characteristics could be used as an alternative of sand in liner design.
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    Spatially and temporally assessing event-based wind erosion in adjacent plots of fallow and wheat cultivation in the Central Anatolia, Turkey
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Uzun, Oguzhan; Kaplan, Sema; Ince, Kenan; Basaran, Mustafa; Erpul, Gunay
    Wind erosion is most likely influenced by unsuitable tillage and is considered critically harmful process for sustainable agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions as drought becomes more frequent and severe due to changes in the climate. The study was conducted for spatial modelling of aeolian sediment transport over adjacent plots managed by wheat-fallow rotation system under rainfed agriculture in the semi-arid region of Turkey. Four erosion events took place and the results were evaluated using data of 8 measurements over two plots during events. Wind-driven sediment transport rates (Q(t)) varied between 0.0015 and 0.0075 kg m(-1) h(-1), highly depending upon the prevalent land surface characteristics during each case, and there was no event-based conclusion that the semi-arid dryland fallow system would exacerbate wind erosion losses when Q(t) values from either plot were compared. Of all cases, particularly, the greatest soil loss occurred in Case 3 over the fallow plot, for which Qt values were 0.0075 kg m(-1) h(-1) when wheat crop provided full soil cover above the next plot. Geostatistical analyses revealed the range values as between 450 and 800 m. Kriging maps showed that spatial patterns of Qt values of cases for both land uses were almost quite different.