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    Consumption rate and functional response of the predaceous mite Kampimodromus aberrans to two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae in the laboratory
    (Springer, 2011) Kasap, Ismail; Atlihan, Remzi
    Prey stage preference of female Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans) (Phytoseiidae) at constant densities of different stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae), functional response types and parameters of the predator females to the varying densities of eggs, larvae, protonymphs and deutonymps of T. urticae were determined in order to establish its potential for the mite biological control. Experiments were conducted at 25 +/- A 1A degrees C, 65 +/- A 10% RH and 16:8 (L:D) photoperiod. Our results indicated that the predator consumed significantly more prey larvae than other prey stages. Functional response type of predator was determined by a logistic regression model. The predator exhibited a Type II response on all prey stages. The attack rate (alpha) and handling time (T (h) ) coefficients of a Type II response were estimated by fitting a random-predator equation to the data. The lowest estimated value alpha and the highest value of T (h) (including digestion) were obtanined for the predator feeding on deutonmph. The lowest value of T (h) were obtained for the predator feeding on prey larvae, but the attack rate value obtained on larva wasn't different than that obtained on egg and protonymph. According to our results, K. aberrans could be an efficient biological control agent of T. urticae at least at low prey densities. However, further field based studies are needed to draw firm conclusions.
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    Insect fauna of walnut orchards in Van lake river basin
    (Entomological Soc Turkey, Ege Univ, 2011) Atlihan, Remzi; Ozgokce, M. Salih; Kaydan, M. Bora; Kasap, Ismail; Kilincer, Neset; Kiyak, Suat; Polat, Evin
    This study was carried out to determine insect pests and their natural enemies in walnut orchards in Van lake basin in 2005-2006. Steiner funnel, visual observation and rearing method were used for samplings. As a result, 29 phytophagous species belonging to 11 different families and 21 beneficial insect species belonging to 6 families were determined. It was observed that Cydia pomonella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) was the economically important pest, and Panaphis juglandis (Goeze, 1778) (Hemiptera: Callaphididae) had remarkable population level. Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Adalia fasciatopuncata revelierei (Mulsant, 1866) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were the most common and widely distributed species among natural enemies obtained.
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    Parasitism of eggs in Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) by Telenomus acrobates (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in apple ochards in Van, Turkey
    (E Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 2007) Kasap, Ismail; Atlihan, Remzi
    A two year study of the parasitoids attacking Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens 1836) in apple orchards in the Van region, Turkey, revealed the activity of the egg and pupal parasitoids Telenomus acrobates Giard 1895 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and Dichrogaster sp (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), respectively. In general, the population of C carnea increases after the first week of July in the apple orchards studied and parasitoids migrate to the orchards after the arrival of the predator, then both of them remain in the orchards throughout the season. Fluctuations in numbers of parasitized eggs generally follow the abundance of C carnea eggs. Overall, seasonal egg parasitism varied between 3.9% and 55.6% depending on the orchards and the years. Compared with the egg parasitism, low numbers of Dichrogaster sp were obtained from the C carnea pupae and the pupal parasitism was 9.5% throughout the season. According to our results, the parasitism affected the effectiveness of C carnea. However, additional factors affecting the effectiveness of green lacewing against pests, and the effects of treatments against it and its natural enemies should be evaluated in IPM programs.
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    Population density of the important harmful mites and their predatories in the walnut orchards of around Van Lake
    (Entomological Soc Turkey, Ege Univ, 2009) Kasap, Ismail; Atlihan, Remzi; Ozgokce, M. Salih; Kaydan, M. Bora; Polat, Evin; Yarimbatman, Alper
    The aim of this study was to determine the population densities of pest and important predatory mites in the walnut orchards of around Van Lake. The study was conducted in five walnut orchards in the Adilcevaz county in Bitlis (three orchards) and Gevas county in Van (two orchards), during the growing seasons of 2005-2006. Surveys were carried out in every week from May to November. The results of study indicated that the population densities of mites began to increase generally in early July, reached the maximum level at late July and at early August and preserved to late October. In this period, the population densities of Aceria erinea Nalepa (Acari: Eriophyidae) and Eotetranychus carpini (Oudemans) (Acari: Tetranychidae) were determined as 51.9 galls/leaf and 304.1 mites/leaf, respectively. Euseius finlandicus (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was the most effective predatory mite on E. carpini and A. erinea and it was observed that its population reached to 4.5 mites/leaf. In the sprayed orchard, E. finlandicus population was not enough for controlling mites and the population densities remained at very low levels.
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    Population Growth of Dysaphis pyri (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Different Pear Cultivars With Discussion on Curve Fitting in Life Table Studies
    (Oxford Univ Press Inc, 2017) Atlihan, Remzi; Kasap, Ismail; Ozgokce, M. Salih; Polat-Akkopru, Evin; Chi, Hsin
    Population growth parameters of the Dysaphis pyri Boyer de Fonscolombe) Hemiptera: Aphididae) were evaluated on four different cultivars Coscia, Ankara, Williams, and Santa-Maria) of pear Pyrus communis L.) under field conditions in the Van region of Turkey. Aphids were kept on leaves of 10-yr-old pear trees in Plexiglas clipcells 20mm in diameter and 10mm in height, with the upper side covered with muslin). For the description of the stage differentiation during population growth, we analyzed raw data of developmental time, survival, and fecundity using the age-stage, two-sex life table to take the variable developmental rate among individuals into account. Results indicated that the Coscia and Ankara cultivars are less favorable hosts for D. pyri because of the longer preadult developmental time, higher preadult mortality rate, and lower total fecundity on these cultivars. The intrinsic rate of increase (r), the net reproduction rate (R-0), and the finite rate of increase (lambda) values were lower on the Coscia and Ankara cultivars. We discussed the application of the Weibull function, polynomial model, and Enkegaard model in life table studies. Because these models are often inaccurate in describing survival and reproduction parameters, we suggest that their application in life table research should be reevaluated.
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    Population growth performance of Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on different fruit trees
    (Systematic and Applied Acarology Society, 2021) Kasap, Ismail; Atlihan, Remzi
    The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest species on deciduous plants in Turkey, especially on apple. In this study, development, survival, and reproduction of European red mite, P. ulmi were studied on different host plants under laboratory conditions (25 +/- 2 degrees C,% 60 +/- 10 RH and16:8 L:D photoperiod). Population performance of P. ulmi was obtained on its different host plants including apple (Malus communis L.), quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), cherry (Prunus avium L.), and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L). The life history raw data of P. ulmi were analyzed by using the age-stage, two-sex life table. Results indicated that the highest net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase as well as the longest mean generation time, were obtained on apple cv. Starking delicious. The population projection simulated by using life tables based on the 0.025th and 0.975th bootstrap results of the finite rate of increase displayed the same trend with population growth parameters. Results suggested that apple cv. Starking Delicious was the favorable host for P. ulmi, however, there is potential for the pest to become a serious pest on other host plants tested under favorable conditions.