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    Adsorpsiyon ile Virüslerin Giderilmesine İlişkin Bir İnceleme
    (2023) Eren, Muhammet Şakir Abdullah; Tanaydın, Elif Sıla; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Çiftçi, Harun
    2020 yılında Çin’in Hubei eyaletinin Vuhan şehrinden neredeyse tüm ülkelere yayılan Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu)’un potansiyel tehlikeleri, dünya çapında bilim insanlarının ilgi odağı olmuştur. Covid-19’un pnömoniden ağır akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarına ve böbrek yetmezliğinden ölüme kadar uzanan ciddi etki süreçleri milyonlarca insan için tehdidini sürdürmektedir. Ortaya çıkan yeni viral enfeksiyonlarda uygun tedavi protokollerinin geliştirilmesi için pandemik türlerin izolasyonu büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bunun için yeni yöntemlerin yanında mevcut yöntemlerin de geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Virüsler doğada canlı formda bulunmazlar ve genetik materyalini aktarabilmek için başka canlılara ihtiyaç duyarlar. Ayrıca izole edilmiş yüzeylerde hızla inaktif hale getirilebilirler. Bu yönüyle su kaynakları ve hava en önemli iletim vasıtaları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Virüslerin yayılmasının önüne geçmede ve onları etkisiz hale getirmede iletim vasıtalarına yönelik adsorpsiyon işlemleri uygulanabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, virüslerin karbonlu, oksitli, gözenekli materyaller ve metal organik kafes yapıları içeren çeşitli adsorbanlarla etkileşimleri incelendi. Su ve hava arıtmasında kullanılan adsorbanların hedef türleri adsorplama işlemlerinde elektrostatik etkileşimlerin daha etkili olduğu belirlendi. Virüs yüzeyinin çeşitli organik fonksiyonel grupları taşıması nedeniyle farklı adsorbanlar ile elektrostatik etkileşime geçeceği ve bu şekilde de onların uzaklaştırılarak hem izole edilmesi hem de etkisiz hale getirilmesi mümkün görülmektedir. Çalışmamızın Koronavirüsler dahil diğer patojenlerin hava ve su kaynaklarına uygulanacak adsorpsiyon işlemleri ile yayılmalarının engellenmesine ve belirtilen iletim vasıtalarının dezenfekte edilmesine yönelik etkili çözümlere katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.
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    Adsorption of Reactive Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions with a clay halloysite having a nanotubular structure: Interpretation of mechanism, kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic parameters
    (Elsevier, 2025) Türk, Feride Naime; Eren, Muhammet Şakir Abdullah; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    In this study, the removal of Reactive Yellow 145 (RB5) dye found in wastewater with halloysite clay mineral (HCM), which is easily available and cheap, was investigated. For the characterization of the adsorbent; SEM, BET, XRD, and Zeta Potential Contact Angle analyses were performed. The effect of parameters such as solution pH, temperature, contact time, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent amount on the adsorption of RB5 dye onto HCM was investigated. It has been determined that the Langmuir isotherm fits the experimental data better than other applied isotherms in mathematically defining the adsorption equilibrium. In the Langmuir isotherm, the adsorption capacity was 24.9 mg/g. To find the most suitable kinetic model for the study using experimental data, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Elovich, and Intra-Particle Diffusion models were tested, and it was decided that the most suitable model would be the Pseudo-Second Order kinetic model. Again, using experimental data, thermodynamic parameters (Delta G degrees, Delta H degrees, Delta S degrees) were calculated, and it was determined that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic.
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    Application of activated carbon obtained from waste vine shoots for removal of toxic level Cu(II) and Pb(II) in simulated stomach medium
    (2023) Çiftci, Harun; Er Çalışkan, Çigdem; İçtuzer, Yusuf; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    Copper and lead ions are the most important toxic metals that cause significant environmental and health problems. In this study, we focused on the development of a very cost-effective and environmentally friendly (renewable) remediation technique using vine sprout, an industrial beer waste and readily available agricultural biowaste. In this study, it was aimed to remove the copper and lead that enter the body for various reasons orally, from the simulated stomach medium (SSM) by adsorption in order to reduce their toxic effects on human health. Activated carbon (ACVS) obtained from vine shoots was used as adsorbent. By preparing an artificial stomach medium, the most suitable adsorption parameters (pH, time, mixing speed, amount of adsorbent, and the effect of other components) were examined in the batch system. Equilibrium adsorption data was interpreted using the Langmuir model. The initial Cu(II) and Pb(II) ion concentrations were 10 mg/L and the adsorbent amount was 0.3 g, and the maximum adsorption efficiency of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions was 100% in the pH 3.5-6.5 range. The performance variables of the adsorbent used were compared with the performance variables of the commercial activated carbon (CAC) used in the emergency response. It was determined that the adsorbent used was more effective in removing copper and lead.
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    Biodiesel Fuels Produced from Poppy and Canola Oils, Experimental Investigation of the Performance and Emission Values of the Samples Obtained by Adding New Types of Nanoparticles
    (Maik Nauka/Interperiodica/Springer, 2022) Demirpolat, Ahmet Beyzade; Uyar, Muhammed Mustafa; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    In this study, poppy oil and canola oil were subjected to acid and base catalysed transesterification reactions and biodiesel fuels were obtained. In addition, tests of the additive-free state of standard diesel fuel and biodiesel were also performed for comparison. These fuels have been subjected to performance and emission tests in a direct injection three-cylinder diesel engine. These values are compared with the values of standard diesel fuel. According to the results obtained from engine tests, the biodiesel produced with poppy, canola oil, and nanoparticle additives generally showed similar properties with diesel fuel. In terms of volume, the increase in the biodiesel ratio in diesel fuel has been found to increase the specific fuel consumption and exhaust outlet temperature values. By using biodiesel-containing fuels, compared to diesel fuel, CO, HC, smoke emissions decreased, NOx, CO2, and O-2 increased. Biodiesel fuel samples with additives were obtained by adding a new type of CuO nanoparticle produced in the study to biodiesel-containing fuels. Comparison of the biodiesel samples and the fuel created by adding nanoparticles to these samples with the addition of nanoparticles, it has made a great contribution in the desired direction in the consumption of approximately 20% CO, 27% HC, 29% smoke (soot), and 16% specific fuel consumption. As an innovation to the literature, improvement in combustion and performance characteristics of biodiesel with nanoparticle additive, decrease in emission values and positive effect of this decrease on the environment were observed as a result of the study.
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    Biosorption of rhodamine B and sunset yellow dyes on cross-linked chitosan-alginate biocomposite beads: Experimental and theoretical studies
    (Elsevier, 2025) Şenol, Zeynep Mine; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Keskin, Zehra Seba; Mehmeti, Valbone; El Messaoudi, Noureddine
    This research explores the biosorption of Rhodamine B (Rd-B) and Sunset Yellow (SY) dyes using cross-linked chitosan-alginate (Ch-A) biocomposite beads, combining experimental investigations with theoretical studies to elucidate the biosorption mechanisms. The biocomposite beads were synthesized through an eco-friendly cross-linking method, and their structural properties were characterized using various characterization techniques. Complementary theoretical studies using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and molecular dynamics (MD) calculations provided insights into the molecular interactions between the dyes and the biocomposite beads. ChA maximal biosorption capacity for Rd-B and SY was determined using the Langmuir model to be 43.6 mg g- 1 and 25.1 mg g- 1, respectively. Kinetic analysis elucidated that the biosorption process for Rd-B followed the pseudo first order (PFO) model and SY followed the pseudo second order (PSO) model. According to the thermodynamic characteristics, Rd-B and SY adsorb spontaneously and endothermically on Ch-A. In conjunction, MC and MD calculations were applied to probe the interactions between Rd-B and SY molecules and the Ch-A biocomposite beads, providing compelling evidence of robust binding interactions such as hydrogen bonds, electrostatic attractions, and it-it interactions. These theoretical insights were subsequently aligned with empirical observations, affirming a significant relation between the theoretical and experimental data. This study highlights the significance of combining experimental data with theoretical models to advance the development of environmentally friendly materials for water purification.
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    Capric-stearic acid mixture impregnated carbonized waste sugar beet pulp as leak-resistive composite phase change material with effective thermal conductivity and thermal energy storage performance
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Sarı, Ahmet; Hekimoğlu, Gökhan; Karabayır, Yasemin; Sharma, R. K.; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Gencel, Osman; Tyagi, V. V.
    The present investigation aims to develop a potential composite phase change material (PCM) with leak-resistive and high thermal conductivity. Sugar beet pulp (CSBP) as an industrial waste was carbonized to produce a porous framework and used for solving leakage issue and boosting thermal conductivity of capric-stearic acid eutectic mixture (CSEM) used as PCM. FTIR and XRD results proved that the integration of CSEM and CSBP was carried out physically. The SEM analysis demonstrated that the CSEM was well uniformly impregnated within the pores of CSBP scaffold. DSC analysis revealed that the CSBP/CSEM (70 wt%) composite showed melting enthalpy and temperature as 117 J/g and 24 degrees C. The TGA measurements demonstrated that the produced composite was thermally stable. The incorporation of CSEM with CSBP leaded to a 79% increase in its thermal conductivity and this improvement was proved by comparing heating-cooling periods of CSEM and the composite PCM. The latent heat of the composite PCM was reduced less than 3% as its melting temperature was almost constant after 1000 thermal cycles. All findings of this work disclosed that the developed CSBP/CSEM as cost-effective and environmentally friendly composite PCM can be handled potential TES material for temperature controlling of buildings. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Characterization of Sugar Beet Pulp Modified with Phosphoric Acid and its Use in Removal of Colored Matters and Cations from Thin Sugar Juice
    (Springer, 2023) Türk, Feride N.; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Tümen, Fikret
    In this study, it has been determined that the cation removal capacity of the modified sugar beet pulp obtained by saponification with sodium hydroxide and esterification with phosphoric acid increased, and it provides significant color lightening and cation removal when contacted with thin sugar juice under suitable conditions. Although both the acidic and neutralized forms of this material show similar activities, the use of the neutralized form reduces the risk of inverting the sugar in the thin sugar juice. Sugar beet pulp was modified, and some properties were determined. Sugar beet pulp become more stable when modified with phosphoric acid. To reduce the amount of molasses, it is appropriate to use the material in an acid form together with an anion exchanger. It has advantages, such as the modification of sugar beet pulp with phosphoric acid can be done in sugar factories.
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    Cleaner production of polyurethane (PU) foams through use of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) spent catalyst
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Yaras, Ali; Nodehi, Mehrab; Ustaoğlu, Abid; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Sarı, Ahmet; Gencel, Osman; Özbakkaloğlu, Togay
    Due to the increased population in the urbanized areas, considerable attention is being paid on the development of energy-efficient buildings. In construction, the use of insulating foams has grabbed considerable attention in recent decades due to their porous structure that can reduce thermo-acoustic conductivity leading to higher energy efficiency. Nonetheless, the production of certain foams (e.g., polymer foams) is based on harmful chemical substances, such as isocyanate, as well as having difficulty being recycled. In this regard, this study adopted the use of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) spent catalyst, which is a byproduct of petroleum industry and is known to be a hazardous solid waste material, to produce a more environmentally friendly composite foam with lower thermal conductivity. In this sense, a series of material property tests, as well as thermal conductivity test, have been conducted. In addition, to further confirm the impact of HDS inclusion in the produced foams, energy cost savings and CO2 emission reduction based on their actual application in four different environments and four different fuel types for heating have been evaluated. The results are found to be highly promising and point to the great potential of utilizing HDS spent catalyst as a hazardous waste to enhance the efficiency of foams leading to CO2 emission and energy use reduction by up to 68.79 kg/m(2) and 8.6 kWh/m(2), respectively. Finally, this would reduce the heating cost, up to 0.69 $/m(2) in an idealized building. In the end, suggestions for future studies in this area are also provided.
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    Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite
    (Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi, 2023) Buran, Abayhan; Durğun, Murat Ersin; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    In this study, Ficus elastica leaves have been reinforced into an epoxy composite and some physical and chemical characterization of the obtained composite is made. Ficus elastica leaves are ground between 297 and 149 microns. The biomass (Ficus elastica) prepared as a filler material is kept in sodium hydroxide (% 7 NaOH) solution for 24 hours for alkali activation. It is then washed three times with distilled water and dried in an oven at 75 °C for 3 hours. Composite production is carried out by reinforcing the prepared filler to the epoxy resin in certain proportions by mass. The effect of the biomass filler added at the rate of 0 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7 wt.% on the density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, and activation energy of the epoxy composite is determined. According to the results obtained, the density of the epoxy composite decreases as the filler ratio in the mixture increases. Shore D hardness of epoxy composite decreases with the addition of biomass filler. The epoxy composite produced with biomass reinforcement reduces both the thermal conductivity coefficient and the activation energy. Besides, when the chemical bond structure of the obtained polyester composite is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), it is seen that there is a physical interaction. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, 5 wt.% and 7 wt.% reinforcement of Ficus elastica leaves negatively affects the surface morphology of the epoxy composite.
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    Diatomite reinforced modified safflower oil-based epoxy biocomposite production: Optimization with RSM and assessment of outcomes by ANN
    (Elsevier, 2023) Dağ, Mustafa; Aydoğmus, Ercan; Yalçın, Zehra Gülten; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    In this study, a biocomposite based on modified safflower oil (MSO) has been created and its structure has been reinforced with diatomite. The weight of the petrochemical raw material utilized is decreased with the usage of MSO, and diatomite is employed to create a novel, environmentally friendly biocomposite. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize experimental research while taking the resulting biocomposite's thermophysical properties into consideration. The chemical bond structure of the biocomposite is examined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. For thermal decomposition behavior, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is performed, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used for surface morphology. Additionally, research has been done on the diatomite-reinforced MSO-based biocomposite's Shore D hardness, density, and thermal conductivity coefficient. It has been found that MSO interacts well with diatomite to improve some of the biocomposite's features and to help it create new ones. The employment of an artificial neural network (ANN) and RSM has been shown to facilitate the effective and efficient execution of experimental research and the more accurate evaluation of results. According to RSM, biocomposite production with 65 wt% epoxy A, 34 wt% epoxy B, 8 wt% MSO, and 5 wt% diatomite is optimum.
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    Drying behavior for Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae with the new system: exergy analysis and RSM modeling
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Demirpolat, Ahmet B.; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    In this study, drying kinetics of Arapgir purple basil leaves under the isothermal and non-isothermal conditions have been investigated. Effective methods were evaluated by drying freshly collected basil leaves in the sun, isothermal, and non-isothermal systems. Energy efficiency was compared in different drying processes by performing exergy analysis in the drying process. It has been observed that the energy consumed and lost especially in the convection drying system (tray dryer) is very high. In the experiments performed in the PID (proportional integral derivative) system, the lowest efficiency was found in the isothermal process. Accordingly, the most suitable system in exergy efficiency was determined as the non-isothermal PID system. Maximum energy loss and minimum exergy efficiency were found at 45 °C temperature and 3.0 m/s airflow rate in the convection drying process. Exergy efficiencies were found to be approximately 4% in the convection tray dryer, 26% in the PID system under isothermal conditions, and 32% in the PID system under non-isothermal conditions. Optimization parameters in the drying process were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM), and the kinetic models were compared with the help of statistical analyses in the experiments. Midilli and Kucuk model has been found as the most compatible kinetic equation with the experimental data. According to this model results, correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.990), sum of squared error (SSE˂0.005), chi-square (χ2˂1·10−5), and root mean square error (RMSE˂0.003) values have been evaluated.
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    Effects of molecular weight of polyethylene glycol with size and ratio of fumed silica on rheological behavior of shear thickening fluid
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Yanen, Cenk; Solmaz, Murat Yavuz; Aydoğ, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    The rheological models of shear thickening fluids (STFs), which have recently been used in many fields, are estimated using a statistical method in this study. Although research has been carried out to predict the rheological properties of STFs, the variation of the basic parameters affecting the rheological properties has not been studied much in these estimations. To produce shear thickening fluids, silica nanoparticles have been dispersed in polyethylene glycol (PEG). To make the rheological model estimation correctly, nanoparticle ratios (10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%), the particle sizes (9 nm, 12 nm, and 14 nm), and the molecular weight of the liquid mediums are produced by changing three different sample set is used. At high shear rates, mixtures of fumed silica (aerosil) and PEG display shear thickening behavior. In the low shear rates (0-200 s-1), this mixture exhibits shear thinning property, while in the high shear rates (200-1000 s-1), shear thickening behavior. Fumed silica-PEG suspensions show pseudoplastic behavior in the first region and dilatant properties in the second region. Equations from theory are used to model the outcomes of the experimental data. Non-Newtonian models are used, and the best model is chosen based on the rheological behavior of the mixes. Herschel-Bulkley is discovered to be the most suitable non-Newtonian model in the first and second regions.
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    Electrochemical Detection of Uric Acid Based on a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Ta2O5 Recovered from Ore by a Novel Method
    (American Chemical Society, 2023) Rajendrachari, Shashanka; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Yaras, Ali; Golabhanvi, Shailesh M.
    Except for well-known commercial production procedures, this study demonstrates that Ta2O5 particles can be produced. Through a series of steps, highly pure Ta2O5 particles (99.45%) were produced from the raw ore. We have electrochemically detected one of the important nitrogenous compounds present in urine, uric acid, by a Ta2O5 particle-modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-MCPE) using cyclic voltammetry. The prepared electrode has shown excellent current sensitivity at a pH of 6.0 phosphate-buffered solution. We have found that 4 mg Ta2O5-MCPE has recorded the highest current sensitivity of 75.75 mu A. The oxidation peak current was varied with the uric acid concentration in the range from 1 to 5 mM at 4 mg Ta2O5-MCPE. We have calculated the electrode-active surface area for a bare carbon paste electrode and 4 mg Ta2O5-MCPE using the Randles-Sevcik equation, and the values were found to be 0.0202 and 0.0450 cm(2), respectively. On the other hand, the calculated values of limit of detection and limit of quantification were reported as 0.5937 x 10(-8) M and 1.9791 x 10(-8) M, respectively, for the prepared 4 mg Ta2O5-MCPE. The interfere studies revealed that the variation in the electrochemical signal of uric acid in the presence of different metal ions was found to be less than +/- 5%.
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    Enhancing Mo leaching efficiency from spent catalyst via Fenton-like oxidation process: A comprehensive investigation of leaching effects, mechanism and environmental impacts
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Yu, Haoran; Liu, Shuo; Hu, Linchao; Zhang, Wenyi; Peng, Mingguo; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    Spent hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst contains considerable amounts of Mo, Ni and V, is an important secondary resource for these valuable metals. Direct acid solution leaching method exhibits poor separation effect from catalyst carrier for Mo due to greater stability of MoS2. This study explored Mo leaching efficiencies from spent HDS catalyst by Fenton-like oxidation systems (H2O2 and K2S2O8), which were frequently employed in the wastewater treatment. To further improve Mo leaching efficiency, nano zero-valent iron (nZVFe) was used to activate H2O2/K2S2O8 and produce more free radicals (·OH and ·SO4-). Approximate 96.0 % and 93.3 % of Mo were leached from spent HDS catalyst in nZVFe + H2O2 + H2SO4 and nZVFe + K2S2O8 + H2SO4 systems under optimal experimental conditions, increased by 16.2 % and 8.2 % than normal H2O2 (79.8 %) and K2S2O8 (85.1 %) system without nZVFe. The leaching process of Mo in both nZVFe + H2O2 + H2SO4 and nZVFe + K2S2O8 + H2SO4 systems conformed to the shrinkage core model. Kinetic analysis and molecular calculation demonstrated the leaching process of Mo in nZVFe + H2O2 + H2SO4 system was driven by chemical reaction and solid film diffusion, and the leaching and oxidation reactions of MoS2 occurred simultaneously. However, the leaching process of Mo in nZVFe + K2S2O8 + H2SO4 system was driven only by chemical reaction, solid MoS2 was firstly dissolved into Mo4+ by H+, and then oxidized into Mo6+ by ·SO4-. The economic and environmental impacts evaluation indicated that the separation of Mo from spent HDS catalysts by nZVFe + H2O2 + H2SO4 was assigned as a better choice than normal H2O2 and K2S2O8 system without nZVFe due to higher leaching efficiency and lower cost.
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    Exploring role of polyester composites in biocomposites for advanced material technologies: a comprehensive review
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2025) Dağ, Mustafa; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Yalçın, Zehra Gülten
    This study represents the culmination of our efforts to explore the crucial role of polyester composites in the field of biocomposites, highlighting their importance in advanced materials technologies. Our primary objective has been to thoroughly elucidate the significance of polyester composites within biocomposites, with a detailed examination of their impact on advanced material technologies. Through this research, we have meticulously investigated the properties of polyesters derived from biodegradable polymers, analyzing their intricate structure-property relationships and potential applications in bio-based production. To drive the industrial adoption of bio-based polyesters, our work emphasizes the need for developing economically viable production methodologies, exploring ecologically sustainable and effective material designs, and advocating for robust policy support to facilitate the commercialization of bio-based polyesters. We propose that future research should focus on the innovation of novel bio-based monomers as sustainable raw material sources, the design of diverse polyester structures utilizing material genome technology, and a comprehensive understanding of the degradation processes and long-term performance of bio-based polyesters. The advancement in this domain relies on interdisciplinary collaboration across materials science, engineering, and chemistry. Our findings underscore that through such interdisciplinary cooperation, a broader spectrum of bio-based polyester products can be developed, thereby expanding their industrial applications. In this context, our investigation aims to contribute to the advancement of sustainable materials and their more effective integration into future material technologies. Graphical Abstract
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    Extraction of Copper, Cobalt and Nickel by Leaching of Iron (III) Sulfate from Copper Slags
    (Springer India, 2022) Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Altundoğan, H. Soner; Tümen, Fikret
    In this study, the recovery of copper, cobalt and nickel by oxidizing leaching using iron (III) sulfate from reverber and converter slags obtained from Ergani Bakir businesses in the period of operation was investigated. The effects of temperature, time, amount of iron (III) sulfate and solution/slag ratio on the solution of metals were investigated. It was determined that the metals from the reverber slag could not be taken into solution at a satisfactory rate. It has been determined that about 94% of copper (Cu(II)) can be taken into solution from converter slag, while about 40-50% of cobalt (Co(II)) and nickel (Ni(II)) can be extracted.
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    Heat transfer with MgO nanofluid in laminar flow: experimental study and ANSYS modeling
    (Springer, 2024) Demirpolat, Ahmet Beyzade; Uyar, Muhammed Mustafa; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    Different methods are currently being developed to regulate energy cycle systems and to maximize the utilization of the energy resources available to us. In this context, other methods are being developed to use heat transfer more effectively to utilize energy more beneficially in in-pipe flows. In study, the heat transfer coefficient (h) values were determined by using MgO nanoparticles together with pure water, ethanol, and ethylene glycol materials in the nanofluid experimental setup. In the continuation of the experimental study, the variation of the heat transfer coefficient according to the Reynolds number was examined through experimental modeling in the ANSYS program using MgO nanofluid. In line with these calculations, it is observed that when MgO nanofluid is used in the system, the heat transfer value increases positively compared to pure water. Under the same conditions, when MgO nanofluid was used, the flow was laminar and heat transfer was achieved without turbulence. In conclusion, the use of nanofluid in thermal systems is of great importance, as the data we obtained reveal. In study, analyzing the experimental results of the MgO nanofluid we produced and modeling the results with ANSYS FLUENT software contributes to the literature as an innovation.
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    High-efficiency recycling of Mo and Ni from spent HDS catalysts: Enhanced oxidation with O2-rich roasting and selective separation with organic acid leaching- complexation extraction
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Yu, Haoran; Liu, Changmin; Liu, Shuo; Gu, Yu; Wang, Shuya; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
    Spent petroleum refining catalyst is regarded as the important secondary resource for valuable metals. However, common recycling strategies, including soda roasting, acid and alkaline solutions leaching and chemically precipitation, produced large quantities of high salinity wastewater. This study proposed an efficient method to recovery of Mo and Ni from the spent hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst via O2-rich roasting and organic acid leaching with the advantage of less salinity wastewater production. The transformation of Mo(IV) into soluble Mo(VI) was enhanced by O2-rich atmosphere roasting, and 98.64% of Mo(IV) was oxidized at 650 ℃ for 2 h in atmosphere containing 30% of O2. The oxidation process of Mo(IV) was agreed with the shrinkage pore model, and regulated by surface reaction and internal diffusion. 97.97% of Mo(VI) was leached from roasted product by oxalic acid, separated with complexation extraction agent of Ala-TBP and recovered as (NH4)8Mo10O34 and (NH4)2Mo3O10 by evaporative crystallization. Ni was leached out from spent catalyst with 1 mol/L acetic acid, and precipitated as NiC2O4 with oxalic acid. 95.92% of Mo and 96.77% of Ni were recovered from spent HDS catalyst with this recycling route. This study provided a high-efficient and eco-friendly method to recovery of valuable metals from spent catalyst.