Yazar "Alessa, Noha" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Beyond Compliance: How Board-Ownership Structures and Eco-Technology Intensity Drive Circular Economy Performance in MENA Firms
    (Wiley, 2025) KaoDui, Li; Kongkuah, Maxwell; Alessa, Noha
    As global environmental challenges intensify and resource scarcity deepens, firms in emerging economies face mounting pressure to adopt sustainable and circular business models. In this context, the role of corporate governance in enabling circular economy (CE) transformation has become increasingly critical, yet remains underexplored-particularly in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This study investigates the impact of board-ownership dynamics on CE performance, with a specific focus on the moderating role of eco-technology intensity among listed manufacturing firms. Grounded in agency theory and the resource-based view, the research proposes an integrated framework that links internal governance attributes and ownership structures with firm-level CE outcomes. Using panel data from 447 firms across MENA countries between 2010 and 2022, the study employs system and difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators to address endogeneity and firm-level heterogeneity. The results reveal that gender and age diversity, independent directors, managerial, and institutional ownership significantly enhance CE performance, while CEO duality and foreign ownership undermine it. Family ownership shows no significant effect. Notably, eco-technology intensity strengthens the influence of effective governance while mitigating the drawbacks of weaker structures. Heterogeneity analysis further indicates that the governance-CE relationship varies across regional (Middle East vs. North Africa) and production process contexts. These findings contribute to the theoretical advancement of governance and sustainability literature and offer actionable insights for firms, regulators, and policymakers committed to driving CE transitions in emerging markets.
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    Carbon Capture and Storage as a Decarbonisation Strategy: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications for Sustainable Development
    (Mdpi, 2025) Kongkuah, Maxwell; Alessa, Noha; Haouas, Ilham
    This paper examines the impact of carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment on national carbon intensity (CI) across 43 countries from 2010 to 2020. Using a dynamic common correlated effects (DCCE) log-log panel, we estimate the elasticity of CI with respect to sectoral CCS facility counts within four income-group panels and the full sample. In the high-income panel, CCS in direct air capture, cement, iron and steel, power and heat, and natural gas processing sectors produces statistically significant CI declines of 0.15%, 0.13%, 0.095%, 0.092%, and 0.087% per 1% increase in facilities, respectively (all p < 0.05). Upper-middle-income countries exhibit strong CI reductions in direct air capture (-0.22%) and cement (-0.21%) but mixed results in other sectors. Lower-middle- and low-income panels show attenuated or positive elasticities-reflecting early-stage CCS adoption and infrastructure barriers. Robustness checks confirm these patterns both before and after the 2015 Paris Agreement and between emerging and developed economy panels. Spatial analysis reveals that the United States and United Kingdom achieved 30-40% CI reductions over the decade, whereas China, India, and Indonesia realized only 10-20% declines (relative to a 2010 baseline), highlighting regional deployment gaps. Drawing on these detailed income-group insights, we propose tailored policy pathways: in high-income settings, expand tax credits and public-private infrastructure partnerships; in upper-middle-income regions, utilize blended finance and technology-transfer programs; and in lower-income contexts, establish pilot CCS hubs with international support and shared storage networks. We further recommend measures to manage CCS's energy and water penalties, implement rigorous monitoring to mitigate leakage risks, and design risk-sharing contracts to address economic uncertainties.
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    Renewable Energy and Carbon Intensity: Global Evidence from 184 Countries (2000-2020)
    (Mdpi, 2025) Kongkuah, Maxwell; Alessa, Noha
    This study investigates how various renewable energy technologies influence national carbon intensity (CO2 emissions per unit of GDP) across 184 countries over the period 2000-2020. In the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7 and SDG 13) and the post-Paris-Agreement policy landscape, it addresses the gap in understanding technology-specific decarbonization effects and the role of governance. A dynamic panel framework employing the Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE) estimator accounts for cross-sectional dependence and temporal persistence, while disaggregating total renewables into hydropower, wind, solar, and geothermal generation. Environmental regulation is incorporated as a moderating variable using the World Bank's Regulatory Quality index. Empirical results demonstrate that higher renewable generation is associated with statistically significant reductions in carbon intensity, with hydropower showing the most consistent negative effect across all income groups. Solar and geothermal technologies yield substantial carbon-reducing impacts in lower-middle-income settings once supportive policies are in place. Wind exhibits heterogeneous outcomes: positive or insignificant effects in some high- and upper-middle-income panels prior to 2015, shifting toward neutral or negative after more stringent regulation. Interaction terms reveal that stronger regulatory environments amplify renewable-driven decarbonization, particularly for intermittent sources such as wind and solar. Key contributions include (1) a comprehensive global assessment of four disaggregated renewable technologies; (2) integration of regulatory quality into decarbonization pathways, illustrating post-2015 policy moderations; and (3) methodological advancement through a large-sample DCCE approach that captures unobserved common shocks and heterogeneous country dynamics. These findings inform targeted policy measures-such as prioritizing hydropower where feasible, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and tailoring technology strategies-to accelerate low-carbon energy transitions worldwide.
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    Unmasking Sustainability Justice Performance to Achieve SDG 16 in MENA: Insights From Heterogeneous Analysis
    (Wiley, 2025) KaoDui, Li; Kongkuah, Maxwell; Alessa, Noha
    In an era where sustainability is paramount, the role of corporate governance in promoting sustainability justice remains underexplored, particularly in emerging regions such as MENA. This study extends the literature on corporate governance and sustainability by examining the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and sustainability justice performance (SJP) in MENA firms. Drawing on agency theory and normative ethics (consequentialism), the study hypothesizes that effective governance mitigates agency conflicts and fosters ethical decision-making, thereby enhancing sustainability justice. To test these hypotheses, we analyze a dataset of 727 listed firms in MENA from 2010 to 2022, using robust econometric techniques and instrumental variables to address endogeneity concerns. The findings show that, regarding structural attributes, board independence and board size are positively linked with SJP, whereas the board members' shareholding proportion and CEO duality show negative effects. Concerning diversity attributes, gender diversity has a positive impact on SJP, but foreign nationals negatively affect SJP. Regarding process attributes, board members' remuneration, board meetings, and board tenure all have positive links with SJP. Additionally, there is significant heterogeneity in how corporate governance impacts SJP across industries, ownership types, and dimensions of sustainability. The results are robust after rigorous checks and sensitivity analyses. Policymakers should prioritize reforms that strengthen board independence, promote gender diversity, and encourage more frequent board meetings to improve sustainability justice. Additionally, limiting shareholder power, addressing CEO duality, and aligning executive compensation with sustainability goals will enhance governance and foster long-term positive sustainability outcomes across the MENA region.