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    Effect of Passive Tobacco Smoking Exposure on the Periodontal Status of Turkish Children
    (Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, 2021) Alan, Raif; Gezgin, Onur; Korkut, Emre; Türkoğlu, Şükriye; Çelik, Esra; Haliloğlu, Seyfullah
    Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of passive tobacco smoking (PTS) through the comparison of the periodontal status and the C-reactive protein (CRP) and cotinine levels in the biologic fluids in children who are exposed and unexposed to PTS. Methods: A total of 148 participants, whom had smokers (PTS-exposed, n=82) and non-smokers (PTS-unexposed, n=66) in their families, respectively, were included in the study. Gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were recorded. Moreover, saliva, urine, and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected. CRP and cotinine levels in the biological fluids were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: Both groups exhibited similar values for periodontal parameters and salivary CRP levels were higher in PTS-exposed group but not significant. The mean urinary cotinine level was significantly higher in children exposed to PTS than in unexposed children. Conclusions: There was no evidence for causative role of PTS in periodontal disease in this study. Longitudinal studies including large populations should be conducted to provide stronger evidence for the causative role of PTS in periodontal disease. Also, further epidemiological studies on the social context of smoking should be performed to improve the quality of life and lifespan of the society.
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    Effect of Prosthodontic Rehabilitation on Perioral Units inEdentulous Patients
    (2021) Çelebi, Hakkı; Alan, Raif; Kartal, Elif
    Background: Complete edentulous patients experience loss infundamental mastication functions, the progressive absorption ofthe alveolar bone, and variation in facial appearance. Completedentures (CD) fundamentally target edentulous patients and notonly increase functionality but also restore the appearance of theface. This study aims to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation withremovable CD on perioral wrinkles in complete edentulouspatients, in line with growing aesthetic demand. Methods: Patients who had CD rehabilitation performed due to total edentulism were photographed before and afterrehabilitation from the same angles to evaluate the perioral softtissue changes. The photographs were scored using verifiedranking scales and through evaluation by two observers. Toevaluate the repeatability of the scales, measurements wererepeated with the same method one month later. Results: When the effect of prosthetic rehabilitation administeredsuccessfully on perioral aesthetics and lip volume was analyzed,a significant improvement was observed in all other parametersevaluated, except for in the labiomental crease. The improvementin the labiomental crease was not statistically significant. Inaddition, re-measurement reliability was high (?0.80) for all fourperioral units (nasolabial folds, corners of mouth, labiomentalcrease and upper radial lip). In addition, all correlations werestatistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Rehabilitation with CD contributed positively to thedevelopment of the perioral wrinkles and lip volume, which arealso observed as a result of edentulism.
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    Oral Rehabilitation of a Patient with Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria: A Rare Case Report
    (Univ Indonesia, Fac Dentistry, 2020) Alan, Raif; Celebi, Hakki; Kilinc, Fahriye; Dursun, Recep
    Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is an extremely rare disorder involved in chronic porphyrias. One of the recommended evaluations to determine disease severity and needs of a person with CEP is dental assessment. Objective: To present a case of CEP and its oral rehabilitation. Case Report: A 32-year-old female patient was admitted to the clinic with hyperkeratinization, skin fragility, fissures, and wounds in her perioral region and hands. Intraoral gingival bleeding, mucogingival stress, and missing teeth were recorded. After medical consultation, phase I and II periodontal therapies were performed. The patient expressed satisfaction of the results of the procedures in terms of the parameters evaluated. The rare occurrence of the disease may delay the diagnosis. An unmet need still exists for multidisciplinary orientation of patients with CEP. Conclusion: Dentists should have and follow guidelines for treating patients with CEP.
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    The artificial intelligence revolution in dentistry: transformation in patient education
    (Korean Acad Periodontology, 2023) Alan, Raif; Alan, Betul Melek
    [Anstract Not Available]
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    The importance of linear measurements made using panoramic radiography in pre-implant site assessment: actual vs. measured
    (14 Mart Tıbbiyeliler Derneği, 2023) Alan, Raif; Erbeyoğlu, Ahmet
    Background: In order to reduce post-operative failure and ensure successful rehabilitation, patients scheduled for dental implant treatment are often evaluated pre-operatively using radiographic images in addition to clinical examination. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of digital panoramic radiography in the pre-implant site assessment. Methods: Panoramic images of 150 patients with the total of the 396 implants placed in the maxilla (n=165) and mandible (n=231), were examined in the study. Radiographic measurements (vertical and horizontal) were recorded on the computer using the automatic calibration tab for each radiograph and compared with the actual implant dimensions. Moreover, the effects of location, gender, and change in dimensions on magnification rate (MR) were also investigated. The measurements were made by two experienced observers. Results: Panoramic vertical measurements were significantly higher in both the maxilla and mandible compared to the actual implant lengths (p
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    Utilizing ChatGPT-4 for Providing Information on Periodontal Disease to Patients: A DISCERN Quality Analysis
    (Springernature, 2023) Alan, Raif; Alan, Betul Melek
    Background: Due to their ability to mimic human responses, anthropomorphic entities such as ChatGPT have a higher likelihood of gaining people's trust. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of information generated by ChatGPT-4, as an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot, on periodontal disease (PD) using the DISCERN instrument. Methods: Using Google Bard, the topics related to PD that had the highest search volume according to Google Trends were identified. An interactive dialogue was created by placing the topics in the standard question pattern. As a patient with PD, detailed information was requested from ChatGPT-4 regarding the relevant topics. The 'regenerate response' feature was not employed, and the initial response generated by ChatGPT-4 was carefully considered for each topic as new prompts in the form of questions were entered. The response to each question was independently assessed and rated by two experienced raters using the DISCERN instrument.Results: Based on the total DISCERN scores, the qualities of the responses generated by ChatGPT-4 were 'good', except for the two responses that rater-2 scored as 'fair'. It was also observed that the 'treatment choices' section of both raters had significantly fewer scores than the other sections. In both weighted kappa and Krippendorff alpha measures, the strength of agreement varied from 'substantial' to 'almost-perfect', and the correlation between values was statistically significant.Conclusion: Despite some limitations in providing complete treatment choice information according to the DISCERN instrument, it is considered valuable for PD patients seeking information, as it consistently offered accurate guidance in the majority of responses.