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Öğe Benefits of Dietary Polyphenols and Polyphenol-Rich Additives to Aquatic Animal Health: An Overview(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) Ahmadifar, Ehsan; Yousefi, Morteza; Karimi, Msoumeh; Fadaei Raieni, Raha; Dadar, Maryam; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Dawood, Mahmoud A. O.; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with known biological activities and potential health benefits. Over the past decade, there are an increasing number of studies have investigated the application of polyphenols and polyphenol-rich additives in aquaculture as functional feed additives. There are several types of polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes of widely known beneficial influences on the overall performances and immunity of fish, and thereby improving the health status and production of fish farms. This review discusses the beneficial applications, optimum recommended dose, and potential side effects of these natural compounds on the growth performance, proximate body composition, immune responses, disease resistance, reproductive performance, and fillet quality of different fish species. Also, it points out that the biological functions and mechanisms associated with the polyphenolic compounds involved in the pathways of antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities, as well as the modulation of gene expression and different immune parameters. The output of this review article provided overwhelming evidence to support the claim that natural polyphenols can be considered as relatively safe and viable alternatives to synthetic chemical compounds that not only to improve the fish health status but also to enhance the fish quality, productivity, and food safety while reducing the use of chemicals and antibiotics in the aquatic eco-systems.Öğe Control of yersiniosis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: innovative non-antibiotic feed-based strategies(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2024) Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Citarasu, Thavasimuthu; Turgay, Emre; Yilmaz, Ebru; Yousefi, Morteza; Shekarabi, Pezhman Hosseini; Ahmadifar, EhsanYersiniosis or enteric redmouth (ERM) is responsible for significant mortalities among rainbow trout and other salmonids. Hence, its prevention and/or control has become a research hotspot. Antibiotics are effective for control; however, accumulating evidence indicates that unrestricted use of antibiotics harms fish, human beings, and the environment. Thus, finding safe, efficacious, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly substitutes is of great interest. Reports showed that dietary supplementation with functional additives with health-promoting and immunostimulatory functions could be a promising strategy. Herein, we provide an overview of the non-antibiotic feed-based strategies for combating EMR in rainbow trout without resorting to antibiotic usage. For this issue, the uses and application of some vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, quorum quenching probiotic strains, algae, or organic acids, are included in the article. The roles of phytobiotics (herbal supplements), their phytochemicals, and the essential oils extracted from them will also be elucidated. Some emerging nano-based feed supplements are also discussed. Considering their advantages, literature declared that the dietary supplementation of these supplements could enhance the overall health condition, haemato-immunity, and disease resistance and conferred high protection of trout experimentally infected with yersiniosis. Given this perspective, this article presents the current situation and the latest knowledge on these supplements, emphasizing not only their roles to support immunity and decrease the effects of EMR but also to minimize antibiotic usage in aquaculture. Limitations and future perspectives on their effectiveness and efficacy are also discussed. This review will help enhance aquaculture sustainability and improve the health and welfare of rainbow trout.Öğe Editorial: Functionality and applications of phytochemicals in aquaculture nutrition(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kucharczyk, DariuszThe aquaculture industry is a fast-growing sector amongst the food production sectors, as its growth is strongly associated with the continuous increase of the global population. This industry effectively contributes to food security by providing nutritive and healthful aquatic foods and manufactured products for human beings (1). The chief target of this valuable sector is to raise the production rates with cost-effective benefits to enlarge the profitability margins for fish farmers. This goal has directed the visions of farmers and aquaculturists for the application of intensive farming systems by increasing the total biomass per unit surface area or water volume. Although this farming system has maximized productivity, it may induce several drawbacks and side effects if the fish are not carefully monitored or controlled environments are not maintained. If these conditions are not found, deterioration of the water quality parameters (particularly elevated un-ionized ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, organic matter, or decreased dissolved oxygen levels) will occur. Furthermore, the possibility of flourishing emergent diseases (bacterial, fungal, or viral) will occur and spread rapidly among the farmed fish (2). Deteriorated water quality will induce stressful environmental conditions, disrupt the physiological responses of the exposed fish, trigger immune suppression, compromise health, and consequently cause high mortalities. Besides, the emergence of infectious pathogens will cause heavy kills and subsequent critical economic loss.Öğe Effects of a phytogenic diet on growth, haemato-immunological parameters, expression of immune- and stress-related genes, and resistance of Oncorhynchus mykiss to Lactococcus garvieae infection(Elsevier, 2024) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yilmaz, Ebru; Ahmadifar, Ehsan; Yousefi, Morteza; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.Phytogenic additives have been implicated in aquafeed owing to their proven growth-stimulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immune-enhancing efficacies. Herein, a short-term feeding experiment (21 days) was designed to explore the effects of a phytogenic additive, PASSIF MOOD (R) (PM, a mixture of Valeriana officinalis and Passiflora incarnata extracts), on growth, haemato-biochemical variables, immunity, and mRNA expression responses of rainbow trout fingerlings. After feeding, fish were experimentally infected with Lactococcus garvieae and monitored for an additional 20 days. Six groups were fed a commercial diet supplied with different PM levels as 0, 470, 940, 1410, 1880, and 2350 mg/kg and labeled as PM0 (control), PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4, and PM5 groups, respectively. Results revealed significant improvements in the growth of PM-supplied groups compared to the control. Dietary PM significantly increased RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values compared to those fed on a control diet. Stress indicators such as blood glucose and cortisol levels were significantly decreased in all PM groups than in controls. Moreover, there were significant increases in myeloperoxidase, respiratory burst, and lysozyme activities in PM groups than the control. The highest expression levels of the lysozyme II gene were found in the PM3, PM4, and PM5 groups. Moreover, the mRNA transcripts of il-10 and IgM heavy chain genes were significantly increased in all PM groups compared to the controls. Alternatively, the expression of tnf alpha and hsp70 genes were significantly decreased in all PM groups compared to the controls. After challenge, the survival rates in PM0, PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4, and PM5 groups were 37.34%, 84.0%, 85.34%, 68.0%, 64.0%, and 36.0%, respectively, suggesting enhancement of the fish resistance in PM1, PM2, PM3, and PM4 groups compared to control. The results suggest the growth-promoting, antistress, and immunomodulatory roles of the tested phytogenic additive.Öğe Effects of dietary reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) on the growth performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus juveniles(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Şahin, Tolga; Şanver Çelik, Ekrem; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.In aquaculture, several medicinal mushrooms have been successfully used as prebiotics, with attractive growth-stimulant, immune-modulatory, and antioxidant functions for several finfish species. Herein, we designed a 90-day continuous feeding trial to assess the impacts of supplementing diets with a reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) powder on growth parameters and expression responses of some genes that correlated with growth, digestion, and lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets have been formulated by incorporating reishi mushroom powder (RMP) at varying inclusion doses as 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 g/kg to form four RMP-based diets defined as RMP0 (reference diet), RMP5, RMP10, and RMP20, respectively. After the end of the 90-day feeding experimental trial, mean final weight (Wt90), weight gain percentage (WG%), feed conversion rate (FCR), and specific growth rate (SGR) have been improved significantly in fish groups fed RMP-based diets with regard to those fed the reference diet. The highest Wt90, WG%, and SGR values and the lowest FCR values were present in RMP10 group in comparison with the other groups. However, no significant variations were found in these parameters between RMP5 and RMP20 groups. The fish survival rate (SR %) was the same between all test groups. At the molecular levels, the expression levels of growth-correlated genes such as growth hormone, growth hormone receptor, and insulin growth factor 1 have been increased in the RMP10 group. Similarly, the mRNA transcripts of digestion-correlated genes such as pepsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, and cholecystokinin genes, and lipid metabolism-related gene (lipoprotein lipase) have been up-regulated significantly in the RMP10 group. Of interest, the second-order polynomial regression performed on Wt90, WG%, SGR, and FCR values against the dietary RMP levels showed that the optimum supplementation level of RMP in diets of Nile tilapia was 12.50 g RMP / kg diet. Our findings propose the noticeable prebiotic effects of RMP for improving aquafeed's functionality and tilapia culture's sustainability.Öğe Effects of dietary walnut (Juglans regia) leaves extract on immunity, gene expression responses, and disease resistance in Oreochromis niloticus(Academic Press, 2023) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Ahmadifar, Ehsan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Çelik, Ekrem ŞanverThe dietary effects of walnut leaf extract (WLE) on the growth, immunity, and resistance of Oreochromis niloticus to bacterial infection have been investigated. Five diets were prepared with various WLE doses of 0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg, termed as Con (control), WLE250, WLE500, WLE750, and WLE1000, respectively. Fish (11.67 ± 0.21 g) were fed these diets for 60 days and then challenged with Plesiomonas shigelloides. Before the challenge, it was observed that dietary WLE did not significantly affect the growth, blood proteins (globulin, albumin, and total protein), and liver function enzymes (ALT and AST) activities. The WLE250 group significantly increased serum SOD and CAT activities more than other groups. The serum immunological indices (lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activities) and hematological parameters (phagocytic activity %, phagocytic index, respiratory burst activity, and potential activity) were significantly increased in the WLE groups compared with the Con group. The expression of IgM heavy chain, IL-1β, and IL-8 genes were significantly upregulated in all WLE-supplemented groups in comparison with the Con group. The fish survival rates (SR; %) post challenge in the Con, WLE250, WLE500, WLE750 and WLE1000 groups were 40.0%, 49.3%, 86.7%, 73.3%, and 70.7%, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier survivorship curves illustrated that the highest SR% was found in the WLE500 group (86.7%) amongst the other groups. Accordingly, we can suggest that feeding O. niloticus with a diet supplied with WLE at a dose rate of 500 mg/kg over 60 days could enrich haemato-immune responses and increase the fish survival against the challenge with P. shigelloides. These results recommend using WLE as a herbal dietary supplement to substitute antibiotic use in aquafeed.Öğe Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater Extract Against Food Spoiling/Poisoning, Fish-Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Microorganisms(Mdpi, 2024) Yilmaz, Dilek Kahraman; Kesbic, Fevziye Isil; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Odabasi, Deniz Anil; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.Although antibiotics are the main therapy for bacterial infections, the reports showed that the overuse (or misuse) of antibiotics will results in several problems such as the development of antibiotic-resistant strains, persistence of drug residues, and numerous environmental concerns. Therefore, finding antibiotic alternatives is considered of vital importance. Investigation of the antimicrobial properties of several plant substances and extracts is of great value to replace antibiotics. With this objective, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of an ethanolic extract prepared from olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which is a by-product of olive oil production with considerable environmental burden, against 38 bacterial strains, including fish-associated pathogens, non-pathogenic isolates, collection strains, and one yeast strain, Candida albicans. Disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) tests were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the OMWWE. According to the results, OMWWE provoked strong inhibitory effects against Shewanella baltica strain SY-S145. It also showed a moderate inhibitory effect on Plesiomonas shigelloides strain SY-PS16 and Vibrio anguillarum strain SY-L24. The MIC and MBC of OMWWE on Shewanella baltica SY-S145, Vibrio gigantis strain C24, and V. anguillarum strain SY-L24 were 500 mu g/mL. The MIC and MBC on V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 were 1000 mu g/mL, whereas the values for Aeromonas salmonicida ATCC 33658 were 500 mu g/mL and 1000 mu g/mL, respectively. To put it briefly, the OMWW extract showed high antimicrobial activity and can act as an environmentally friendly additive for the control and prevention of diseases caused by A. veronii, A. hydrophila, P. shigelloides, S. baltica, V. anguillarum, and V. parahaemolyticus. Its active agents also prevented infections of both fish-associated pathogens and food spoiling bacteria, which means it can not only help in the disease control mechanism but also in improving the safety of food by reduction of the microbial contamination.Öğe Exploring the Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture: A Review(Mdpi, 2022) Dawood, Mahmoud A. O.; El Basuini, Mohammed F.; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Alagawany, Mahmoud; Kari, Zulhisyam Abdul; Razab, Mohammad Khairul Azhar AbdulSimple Summary Essential oils, also known as aetheroleum, have a variety of therapeutic properties, including analgesic, adaptogen, and astringents, among others. Essential oils have potential growth-promoting, antibacterial, and immunostimulant effects for several fish species. Furthermore, they potentiate the antioxidative capacity and the resistance of aquatic animals against infectious diseases. This article spotlights on the essential oils derived from selected medicinal plants, and their roles in the improvement of the performances of aquatic animals. The aquaculture sector is one of the main activities contributing to food security for humanity around the globe. However, aquatic animals are susceptible to several farming stressors involved in deteriorated growth performance, reduced productivity, and eventually high mortality rates. In some countries still, antibiotics and chemotherapies are comprehensively applied to control biotic stressors. Aside from the apparent benefits, the continuous usage of antibiotics develops bacterial resistance, deteriorates bacterial populations, and accumulates these compounds in the aquatic environment. Alternatively, environmentally friendly additives were used to avoid the direct and indirect impacts on the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In aquaculture, medicinal herbs and extracts are extensively used and approved for their growth-promoting, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties. Herbal essential oils contain many bioactive components with powerful antibacterial, antioxidative, and immunostimulant potentials, suggesting their application for aquatic animals. Essential oils can be provided via diet and can benefit aquatic animals by improving their well-being and health status. The use of essential oils in aquafeed has been studied in a variety of aquatic animals to determine their beneficial roles and optimum doses. The outputs illustrated that herbal essential oils are exciting alternatives to antibiotics with prominent growth promotion, antioxidative, and immunostimulant roles. Herein, we reviewed the beneficial roles of essential oils in aquaculture. This review also aims to describe trends in herbal essential oils use, mainly in commercial fish species, and to analyze different factors that affect essential oils' efficacy on the growth performance, antioxidative, and immune responses of finfish species.Öğe Identification of new yeast strains, Candida zeylanoides Y12-3 and Hyphopichia pseudoburtonii Y12-1, from the intestinal tract of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, with potential probiotic characteristics(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Çaylı Bektaş, Özge; Didinen, Behire Işıl; Onuk, Ertan Emek; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.In this study, 2 yeasts, Candida zeylanoides isolate Y12-3 (MN073455.1) and Hyphopichia pseudoburtonii isolate Y12-1 (MN073489.1), were isolated from rainbow trout hindguts. Their identity was confirmed by amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene regions. Their in vitro probiotic properties showed that they were hydrophobic and did not inhibit bacterial growth. However, they displayed positive co-aggregation with several bacterial pathogens. It was interesting that Y12-1 and Y12-3 isolates survived and grew well in bile salt concentrations ranging from 0.6% to 1.5% and at low pH conditions. After a 35-day feeding trial, the results of dietary incorporation of the yeast isolates showed that serum myeloperoxidase activity was unchanged in the treated and control groups. Meanwhile, serum lysozyme activity in yeast groups was decreased significantly compared to the control. However, fish fed with Y12-1 had higher total protein, albumin, and globulin than other groups. Total cholesterol levels were decreased significantly in yeast groups compared to the control. Interestingly, the Y12-1 and Y12-3 groups showed higher survival (69.05% and 80.95%) after the challenge with Lactococcus garvieae compared to the control (45.24%). In brief, the aforementioned findings showed that Y12-1 and Y12-3 strains could be potential probiotic candidates for use in rainbow trout farming.Öğe Immunological Responses, Expression of Immune-Related Genes, and Disease Resistance of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed Diets Supplied with Capsicum (Capsicum annuum) Oleoresin(Mdpi, 2024) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kenanoglu, Osman Nezih; Ergün, Sebahattin; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Gurkan, Mert; Mehana, Elsayed Eldeeb; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.A 45-day feeding study was carried out to assess the immune-stimulatory effects of capsicum oleoresin when added to rainbow trout diets. A total of 450 fish (mean weight: 155.20 +/- 1.96 g) were distributed into 400 L tanks (30 fish/tank) across five experimental groups: control (CT, 0%), C7 (0.7%), C14 (1.4%), C21 (2.1%), and C28 (2.8%). Each group consisted of three replicate tanks. At the end of this period, hemato-biochemical parameters, innate immune responses, and immune-related gene expression levels were evaluated, and a histological examination of head kidney and liver sections was conducted. Finally, fish in all groups were challenged with Lactococcus garvieae and observed for an additional 20 days. The results revealed that oleoresin supplementation enhanced the immune responses of the treated fish, which was evidenced by the increased globulin, total protein, respiratory burst activity, and total immunoglobulin levels. The highest expression levels of the il-8, il-1 beta, TGF-beta, and SAA genes was noticed in the C7 group, as compared with the results for the other groups. The IgT gene expression levels were higher in all experimental groups than in the CT group, and this increase was at the highest level in the C28 group. Following the bacterial challenge, all experimental groups displayed higher survival rates compared to that of the CT group. These values were 75.93, 72.22, 46.30, 33.33, and 29.63% in the C7, C14, C21, C28, and CT groups, respectively, with the C7 group displaying the highest survival rate among the groups. The histological examination of liver and head kidney tissues revealed that higher doses (in the C21 and C28 groups) showed an increase in cytoplasmic vacuolization, which causes adverse effects on fish health. However, the C7 group displayed normal histological structure in both tissues. Taken together, the most favorable immune responses were achieved in the C7 group, suggesting that 0.7% oleoresin could be applied to rainbow trout to boost immunity and protect the fish from diseases.Öğe Isolation, Identification, and Pathogenicity of Vibrio gigantis Retrieved from European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Farmed in Türkiye(Mdpi, 2023) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Karatas, Sueheyla; Steinum, Terje Marken; Guerkan, Mert; Yilmaz, Dilek Kahraman; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.In this study, V. gigantis strain C24 was isolated from cases of winter mortalities of hatchery-reared European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) broodstock in T & uuml;rkiye. The first mortalities were reported in September 2016 and occurred annually in early autumn/late winter until the end of February 2019, when 15% of accumulated mortality was recorded. Diseased moribund fish exhibited general septicemic signs, including dermal ulcerations with hemorrhagic margins, distended abdomens, and hemorrhages below the pectorals, pelvic fins, and at the operculum. Postmortem findings showed congestion in several internal organs, hemorrhagic ascitic fluid, and congested prolapsed anal openings. The representative bacterial isolate V. gigantis strain C24 was characterized as Gram-negative, motile, nitrite-producing, and as vibrio static agent O/129-sensitive. The full-length 16S rRNA sequence (Accession No. ON778781) and gyrB gene sequence (Accession No. ON792326) of the C24 strain showed high similarity to V. gigantis strains. Moreover, the whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) values (ANI > 97.7%) against four V. gigantis strains above the species demarcation limit unambiguously identified the C24 isolate as a member of this species. A preliminary virulence-gene analysis showed that the V. gigantis isolate C24 encoded at least three exotoxins, including two aerolysins and a thermolabile hemolysin. The experimental infection showed that the C24 isolate exhibited low to moderate virulence in experimentally infected European seabass juveniles. Interestingly, antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the C24 isolate was susceptible to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and several other antibiotics but resistant to tilmicosin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and ampicillin. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that V. gigantis could be considered an emerging bacterial pathogen in T & uuml;rkiye, and it may threaten the international European seabass production.Öğe Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics used to control vibriosis in fish: A review(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Yılmaz, Ebru; Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.; Ringø, Einar; Ahmadifar, Ehsan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.The aquaculture industry is still expanding to provide human beings with healthy and nutritious protein sources. Infectious diseases, deteriorated water quality parameters, and other environmental stressors are from the main obstacles that threaten fish farming and reduce its profitability. Vibriosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases that negatively affect shrimp, marine fishes, and some freshwater fish causing high mortalities and severe economic loss. Chemotherapeutic agents as antibiotics are commonly applied for treatment strategies; however, their numerous drawbacks to fish and the aquatic environment have limited their use. Moreover, FDA has prohibited certain antibiotics from being used for food fish to avoid their negative consequences on human consumers. Water quality control and biosecurity protocols are traditionally applied to combat vibriosis. Nowadays, immunomodulators are greatly used and described throughout the globe to enhance the fish immunity. In this concern, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have become common solutions to increase the fish resistance against vibriosis. They were approved to be current alternatives to limit the usage of antibiotics in aquaculture resulting in less mortality and increased health and welfare of the aquatic organisms. Many studies speculated that probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics could be efficiently and effectively used as food or water additives to increase immunity, thereby reducing the mortality caused by several fish pathogens such as Vibrio species. Comprehensively, this review article presents the latest knowledge on the potential roles of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to boost immunity and reduce the impacts of vibriosis in several finfish species. This review article will also provide new findings and possible mechanisms of action of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to control vibriosis in fish. These literature will be helpful to increase the sustainability of aquaculture and health welfare of farmed fish.Öğe Selenium Nanoparticles as a Natural Antioxidant and Metabolic Regulator in Aquaculture: A Review(MDPI, 2021) Dawood, Mahmoud A. O.; El Basuini, Mohammed F.; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Kari, Zulhisyam Abdul; Abdul Razab, Mohammad Khairul Azhar; Ahmed, Hamada A.; Alagawany, Mahmoud; Gewaily, Mahmoud S.Balanced aquafeed is the key factor for enhancing the productivity of aquatic animals. In this context, aquatic animals require optimal amounts of lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. The original plant and animals’ ingredients in the basal diets are insufficient to provide aquafeed with suitable amounts of minerals. Concurrently, elements should be incorporated in aquafeed in optimal doses, which differ based on the basal diets’ species, age, size, and composition. Selenium is one of the essential trace elements involved in various metabolic, biological, and physiological functions. Se acts as a precursor for antioxidative enzyme synthesis leading to high total antioxidative capacity. Further, Se can enhance the immune response and the tolerance of aquatic animals to infectious diseases. Several metabolic mechanisms, such as thyroid hormone production, cytokine formation, fecundity, and DNA synthesis, require sufficient Se addition. The recent progress in the nanotechnology industry is also applied in the production of Se nanoparticles. Indeed, Se nanoparticles are elaborated as more soluble and bioavailable than the organic and non-organic forms. In aquaculture, multiple investigations have elaborated the role of Se nanoparticles on the performances and wellbeing of aquatic animals. In this review, the outputs of recent studies associated with the role of Se nanoparticles on aquatic animals’ performances were simplified and presented for more research and development.Öğe Shrimp vibriosis and possible control measures using probiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics: A review(Elsevier, 2022) Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Yilmaz, Ebru; Dawood, Mahmoud A. O.; Ringo, Einar; Ahmadifar, Ehsan; Yılmaz, SevdanThe shrimp industry has been greatly expanded in the past two decades in several countries throughout the globe to provide human beings with nutritious seafood and healthy protein. In this concern, shrimp farmers have tried to increase their production rates by intensifying shrimp in culture facilities. However, intensive farming may increase the possibilities of the entrance of emergent pathogens, which will dramatically cause severe economic loss and reduce the profitability of shrimp culture. Shrimp vibriosis is one of the devasting bacterial diseases that commonly affect a wide range of shrimp species. There are many diseases associated with Vibrio infections in shrimp, such as red disease, seagull syndrome, Bright red syndrome, luminous vibriosis, shell disease, zoea II syndrome, septic hepatopancreatic necrosis, early mortality syndrome or acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease. Owing to the above, preventive strategies are considered critical and even necessary to be applied to prevent the negative impacts of shrimp vibriosis. On the other hand, the FDA has banned antibiotic usage for food animals because of their negative consequences on the host, human beings, and environment. Researchers have paid great interest in finding possible, effective, economical, and environmentally safe alternatives to antibiotics. Currently, vaccination, water quality control, bacteriophages phage therapy, biosecurity protocols, herbal immunomodulators, and several others are extensively utilized to reduce the impacts of shrimp vibriosis. The trend of using probiotics, postbiotics, parabiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in controlling shrimp diseases has been comprehensively evaluated in several publications and their efficacy to limit the usage of antibiotics in aquaculture has been proven. The possible efficacy of pro-, post-, pre-, and synbiotics as possible control methods of shrimp vibriosis has been assessed in many reseach studies. Of interest, the present review article draws the most current knowledge on the applications and beneficial roles of pro-, post-, pre-, and synbiotics to fortify shrimp immunity and decrease the mortalities caused by vibriosis in several shrimp species. It will also spotlight the proposed modes of action of pro-, post-, pre-, and synbiotics and discuss the research gaps that merit additional explanations. Overall, the literature will be valuable to enhance the sustainability of shrimp culture, and increase the welfare and resistance of cultured shrimp against vibriosis.Öğe The effectiveness of Arthrospira platensis and microalgae in relieving stressful conditions affecting finfish and shellfish species: An overview(Elsevier, 2022) Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; El -Ashram, Saeed; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Naiel, Mohammed A. E.; Kari, Zulhisyam Abdul; Hamid, Noor Khalidah Abdul; Dawood, Mahmoud A. O.Farmed fish and shrimp are continuously challenged by multiple stressors during their life stages, such as hypoxia, pH fluctuations, different salinities, high nitrite, un-ionized ammonia, injury during handling, inade-quate nutrition, or food shortage, which can eventually adversely impact their health, welfare, and growth rates. Besides, these stressors can weaken production and decrease their resistance to diseases. Scientists and re-searchers have been making concerted efforts to find new, safe, and inexpensive supplements to mitigate the negative influences of stressors and thereby enhance the productivity of farmed aquatic animals. Some micro-algae are microscopic unicellular organisms that were found to be promising feed supplements due to their richness in important nutrients such as minerals and vitamins. Moreover, some microalgae contain several bioactive phytochemicals that exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. Several field-controlled studies provided evidence that using microalgae as feed supplements led to improved growth, physiological functions, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance in farmed finfish and shellfish species. This review article emphasizes the beneficial role of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis and seven microalgal species, including Chlorella vulgaris, Parietochloris incisa, Dunaliella salina, Aurantiochytrium sp., Haematococcus pluvialis, Tetraselmis sp., and Nannochloropsis oculata in mitigating stress effects in farmed finfish and shellfish species. The conclusions of this article throw light on the potential benefits of using mi-croorganisms in aquaculture.Öğe The effects of Capsicum annuum oleoresin, as a dietary carotenoid, on growth, gut microbiome, intestinal histomorphometry, and sensory characteristics of Oncorhynchus mykiss(Wiley, 2024) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Celik, Ekrem Sanver; Ergün, Sebahattin; Gurkan, Mert; Kesbic, Fevziye Isil; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.This study was designed to explore the dietary effects of Capsicum annuum oleoresin (CAO) on growth, body composition, sensory characteristics, gut microbiome, and intestinal histomorphometry of rainbow trout. Fish (195.13 +/- 1.55 g) were fed diets with various CAO levels (0.0-Control, 7.0- g kg (-1) C7, 14.0 g kg (-1) -C14, 21.0 g kg (-1)-C21, and 28.0 g kg (-1)-C28) for a 30-day period. Results revealed that the maximum growth was achieved in C7 and C14 groups. Nevertheless, the growth parameters were similar in other groups compared to the control. Moreover, there were significant increases in dry matter and crude lipid contents in all CAO groups compared with the controls. The mean abundances (%) of the prevalent bacteria at the genus level in the intestinal trout samples presented no significant changes among the test groups. Dietary CAO significantly changed the intestinal histological structure, and was manifested by an increased number of goblet cells in the CAO-supplied groups. However, there were intestinal villus epithelial deformations associated with increasing dietary CAO, and were most prominent in the C28 group. The sensory attributes of cooked trout fillets showed that capsicum's pungent odor and taste was evident in the C14 group and subsequently increased with increasing dietary CAO levels. Accordingly, the results showed, for the first time, that dietary CAO at levels (7-14 g kg(-1)) can enhance the growth of rainbow trout without negative effects on the sensory characters and gut health.Öğe The Feasibility of Using Yellow Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor): Towards a Sustainable Aquafeed Industry(MDPI AG, 2021) Shafique, Laiba; Abdel-Latif, Hany M. R.; Hassan, Faiz-ul; Alagawany, Mahmoud; Naiel, Mohammed A. E; Dawood, Mahmoud A. O.; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Liu, QingyouThe success of the aquafeed industry mainly depends on the availability of raw ingredients with high nutritional value, such as fishmeal (FM). However, the increased demand for FM elevates its prices and leads to high feed costs. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable alter-natives for FM in fish diets to achieve sustainability in aquaculture. Currently, attention is being paid to the possibility of using insect meals as FM substitutes in aquafeed because of their relatively high nutritional quality. TM is one of those insects that can be regarded as a unique candidate because of its relatively high nutritional value. TM are rich sources of essential amino acids (methio-nine), lipids, and fatty acids, which vary based on the developmental stage of the worms. Although TM have an abundant amount of chitin as a fiber source and other anti-nutritional factors, numer-ous studies have investigated the efficacy of partial or complete substitution of FM by T. molitor in fish diets. In this context, we reviewed the current research findings on the achievable inclusion levels of T. molitor versus FM substitution in the diets of several finfish and shellfish species. We discussed the potential use of T. molitor as an FM substitute in fish diets and evaluated its effects on growth, biometric indices, and body composition. Besides, the hematological parameters, immunological responses, antioxidative efficacy, intestinal health status, and sensory criteria of fish fed T. molitor-based diets were also assessed.
