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Öğe Demonstration of linkage and development of the first low-density genetic map of garlic, based on AFLP markers(Springer, 2005) İpek, Meryem; İpek, A.; Almquist, SG; Simon, PWGarlic (Allium sativum L.) is a long-cultivated, clonally propagated diploid plant (2n=2x=16). With routine seed production now underway, we used populations (MP1 and MP2) generated by self-pollination of unrelated plants to generate two low-density genetic maps of garlic, consisting of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and gene-specific markers. We did not observe any two plants with identical marker patterns in either population, indicating that they were the result of amphimixis rather than apomixis. This is an important finding, since several Alliums are facultative apomicts. A total of 360 markers segregated in MP1 (12.8 AFLP markers per primer combination) and 321 markers segregated in MP2 (13.9 per primer combination) to indicate a fairly high level of genetic heterozygosity in the garlic nuclear genome. Of these markers, 15.3% in MP1 and 24.3% in MP2 had segregation ratios distorted from the expected 3: 1. Interestingly, 94.7% of those distorted segregations fit a 15: 1 segregation ratio for duplicated loci, suggesting extensive levels of duplication in the garlic genome and supporting similar observations for onion. The genetic map for the MP1 family with 216 markers spanned 1,166 cM of the garlic genome ( 5.4 cM average), while 143 markers of MP2 spanned 862 cM ( 6.0 cM average). Gene-specific markers for alliinase, chitinase, sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (SST-1), and chalcone synthase (CHS) were mapped, demonstrating the immediate utility of the garlic genetic map. These two garlic families had relatively few segregating AFLP markers in common, which supports their relatively distant relationship based on diversity analysis. Of those markers that were conserved, linkages were also conserved.Öğe QTL mapping for fatty acid composition in olive oil using a high-density genetic map based on SNP markers(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Kaya, Ali Can; İpek, Meryem; İpek, Ahmet; Gündoğdu, Mehmet Ali; Aktepe Tangu, Nesrin; Teoman Duran, Sevin; Şeker, MuratOlive ( Olea europaea L.) is an evergreen tree species that grows naturally in regions with Mediterranean climates. Its oil and fruits are commercially valuable. Olive oil contains high levels of omega-9 (oleic acid). Because the high percentage of oleic acid makes olive oil deterioration-resistant, the development of olive varieties containing high oleic acid is one of the major goals of olive breeding programs. Therefore, this study aimed to determine quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting the fatty acid composition of olive oil. Thus, early selection of olive genotypes with a high oleic acid content can be possible. For the determination of QTLs affecting the fatty acid composition of olive oil, a high-density genetic map was developed using a segregating olive F1 population with 121 progeny and single- nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers based on genotyping by sequencing (GBS). The 2892.14 cM genetic map was composed of 3254 SNP markers on 23 chromosomes, with an average distance of 0.93 cM. For QTL analysis, the fatty acid composition of the segregating olive F1 population was determined using gas chromatography in two different years. A total of 31 QTLs were discovered in the first year and 29 in the second year. Common QTLs associated with fatty acid composition in both years have been found on chromosome 1, chromosome 2, and chromosome 10. For oleic acid, 11 QTLs were discovered in the first year and 12 QTLs in the second year. With these results, the QTLs linked to fatty acid synthesis in olive oil can be used as genetic resources for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in olive breeding studies.Öğe Zeytin (Olea europaea L.) çeşitlerinin AFLP ve SSR markörleri polimorfizminin yağ asitleri ve tokoferol düzeyleri ile ilişkilendirilmesi(2007) Şeker, Murat; Topal, Ufuk; Kaleci, Nilüfer; Gül, Muhammet Kemal; Yücel, Zuhal; İpek, Meryem; Yılmaz, Emin[Abstract Not Available]
